openEuler開源之後：引領新的技術變革

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#40A9FF","name":"blue"}}],"text":"前言","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"openEuler OS開源之後，會引領哪些前沿領域？又會帶來怎樣的技術變革？讓我們一探究竟。","attrs":{}}]}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"6月10日","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://openeuler.org/zh/interaction/summit-list/devday2021/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"openEuler","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"text","text":" Developer Day 2021大會在北京召開，在會上各位發言代表圍繞 “目前開源社區的現狀及發展、社區生態、端雲結合、openEuler的發展走向” 等主題發表了演講，中國工程院倪光南院士、openEuler社區理事長江大勇、openEuler社區技術委員會主席胡欣蔚 、百度雲總架構師王耀等嘉賓針對上述主題進行了圓桌討論，我們將圓桌討論的核心內容整理如下，以饗讀者。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#40A9FF","name":"blue"}}],"text":"中國目前開源社區的現狀以及未來發展趨勢","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"倪光南：","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"開源已經成爲全球軟件創技術或產業創新的主導模式，開源社區是開源的源泉所在。中國目前是開源大國，但還不是開源強國，隨着國內開源的不斷髮展，越來越多的開發者參與開源社區建設，中國的開源社區有望成爲全球頂級的開源社區。openEuler開源之後，帶動了中國開源社區的新發展，openEuler是中國主導的開源社區的典範。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"江大勇：","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"開源是全球軟件創新的主導模式，中國的開發者是全球開源貢獻的主力。GitHub 2020年的報告，在GitHub上面的開發者數量已經達到5600萬，預計到2025年會達到一個億， 中國的開源貢獻者在其中佔了非常大的比例，已經成爲全球第二，並且所佔的比例越來越大，預計到2025年，中國開源貢獻者會佔到GitHub總開源貢獻者的13%，中國開發者已經從開源的使用者，變成了全球主流的開源貢獻者。openEuler開發者數量快速增長，半年內增長135%，openEuler社區已成爲中國最具活力的開源社區。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"胡欣蔚：","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"這裏以openEuler社區的發展現狀來講。在過去的半年時間裏，openEuler社區的代碼倉數量穩定增長，新增432個代碼倉，開源代碼倉數量達到7677個， Pull Request增速穩中有升，新的社區貢獻者不斷加入openEuler 接到Pull Request已經超過37800，社區代碼倉合入請求被拒絕的比例比較低，是因爲都是有操作系統開發經驗的專業開發者的原因，但是在過去半年內代碼倉合入被拒的比例由20%漲到25% ，造成的原因有兩個：第一個是社區合入代碼更規範，第二個原因就是更多沒有操作系統開發經驗的貢獻者的加入，使得社區的開發者變得更多樣化，也使得創新版本不負衆望的取得更多長足進展的重要原因。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#40A9FF","name":"blue"}}],"text":"openEuler社區生態建設和後續規劃是怎樣的？","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"江大勇：","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"openEuler開發者數量快速增長，半年內增長135%。openEuler社區已成爲中國最具活力的開源社區，第一行代碼從2019.12.31正式上傳到開源社區，在18個月內，已經有4732位開發者參與社區貢獻，37510次pull request，15萬次全球下載。產業和技術生態完成構建，國內外主流芯片廠商都已經加入，爲多樣性計算奠定了堅實的基礎；整機廠商的加入，也快速推進了openEuler社區南向的生態。社區的特別興趣小組越來越豐富，目前已達到80多個，基本涵蓋了ICG的各個領域，並向垂直方向發展，面向各個行業，社區版本迭代發佈，不斷優化，持續創新。多行業規模商用，核心業務穩定運行，支持5400多種的商業軟件，支持各種主流場景，推進openEuler社區北向的發展。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"胡欣蔚：","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"openEuler不僅做創新，也非常關注對長聲明週期的維護。openEuler在迭代版本的時候，LTS版本中可用軟件數量在快速增加，回合21.03創新版本也取得了主要的成果，支持內存擴功能和私密計算框架，全棧使能，支持CPU和內存的故障在線隔離，提高整體可靠性等技術。以及對發佈的LTS版本的安全漏洞修復，可以看出openEuler對安全的重視程度，正是這樣使得用戶把關鍵的核心業務用在openEuler上面才能放心。技術演進上可以放心，安全修復上可以安心。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"劉軍衛：","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"中國移動與openEuler同行，攜手同行，共建開源生態，在關鍵領域技術沉澱，打造雲時代操作系統。大雲天元操作系統針對移動雲業務應用場景，對openEuler進行了深度定製和優化，新增核心組件熱升級，虛擬化及容器特性增強，系統安全加固，DPDK加速庫，集中部署運維工具等特色功能，集成KAE插件，軟硬協同完成從應用到系統全堆棧的性能優化，充分釋放多樣性算力。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"房秉毅：","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"中國聯通的聯通雲助力社區發展：2020.07聯通沃雲加入openEuler社區，2020.10聯通主持OpenStack SIG組開始V版適配工作，2021.03openEuler發佈21.03版本，增加V版openstack支持，2021.04與華爲、電信等合作伙伴聯手，貢獻更多OpenStack版本及組件，計劃在2022年打造更加可靠、強大的openEuler雲計算運行環境。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#40A9FF","name":"blue"}}],"text":"支持多體系架構的操作系統在哪裏？","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"江大勇：","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"openEuler OS是一個支持多體系架構的操作系統，可以很好的適應雲邊端的多種場景和模式。openEuler可以在國家數字政府領域、金融領域、運營商，以及國家能源領域等多行業規模商用使用。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"胡欣蔚：","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"openEuler——面向多樣性計算的原生操作系統。openEuler社區原創的SCM文件系統 關鍵技術：1.soft-update數據一致性保證技術，降低IO時延2、面向SCM的數據結構，提高原數據操作性能3、移除頁緩存，避免兩次寫，提供指針雙視圖。性能突破：1、想比傳統介質文件系統：時延降低3倍2、相比業界SCM文件系統：文件訪問時延降低50%，吞吐量提高50%。統一的多樣化算力支持版本，同一架構下二進制歸一，不同架構代碼基線歸一。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"劉軍衛：","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"計算產業以及產業安全上升到國家戰略的高度，國家明確指出要求加快推進國產自主可控替代計劃，構建安全可控的信息技術體系。基礎軟件國產化，自主可控成爲趨勢，操作系統自主可控，打破國外操作系統廠商的壟斷地位；中間件自主可控，擺脫對商業中間件的依賴。openEuler使能多算力異構加速，大雲混元計算基於openEuler，實現TaiShanV1、TaiShanV2以及FT-2000+64服務器的完美兼容，覆蓋雲主機、鏡像管理、彈性伸縮等服務。除硬件架構自身限制，X86場景功能覆蓋率超99%。大雲混元計算，爲用戶提供NPU異構加速計算能力，充分滿足企業客戶在人工智能場景下的多算力需求。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#40A9FF","name":"blue"}}],"text":"爲什麼選擇openEuler？","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"江大勇：","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"不僅僅因爲openEuler是一個多樣性計算最佳操作系統，技術創新的最優選擇，更是因爲openEuler社區開源的程度，以及openEuler多路徑培養人才的計劃等一系列的原因讓越來越多的人選擇openEuler。openEuler的商用案例，在國家稅務、統計局等數字政府領域，建設銀行等金融領域，中國移動等運營商，國家電網等能源領域的多行業規模商用使用，來自各行業的廣泛使用和規模運行，充分證明了openEuler是值得用戶信賴的。在短短一年時間內，商用部署已經超過15萬套。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"王耀 ：","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"Baidu爲什麼選擇openEuler？ 不僅是因爲openEuler社區的開放、自主、活躍，更是因爲百度雲需要一個操作系統，需要同時處理很多客戶問題，面臨着很多發行版本需要發佈的痛點，通過開源社區的操作系統的二次構建，解決了上述問題，促成了基於openEuler的BaiduLinux智能雲操作系統的正式發佈。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"劉軍衛：","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"openEuler助力企業釋放數據價值。大雲天權存儲，基於openEuler對CPU、內存、網絡三個子系統的深度調優，充分發揮出鯤鵬ARM平臺低功耗、高性能的優點。openEuler使能多算力異構加速，大雲混元計算基於openEuler，實現TaiShanV1、TaiShanV2以及FT-2000+64服務器的完美兼容，覆蓋雲主機、鏡像管理、彈性伸縮等服務。大雲混元計算，爲用戶提供NPU異構加速計算能力，充分滿足企業客戶在人工智能場景下的多算力需求。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"房秉毅：","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"openEuler爲聯通雲注入強大原動力 。可靠雲計算：多核加速技術，智能調優技術，機密計算框架。大數據：多樣性算力支持，鯤鵬加速庫，提升性能。5G&MEC：輕量級容器管理器；通用場景虛擬化；多核心優化，更高密度部署。openEuler助力聯通打造基於openEuler的全棧私有云場景，實現更大商用價值。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"鄒秋波：","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"構築牢固的IT基礎設施，加速光大金融科技創新。金融行業加速數字化轉型，IT基礎設施是關鍵，操作系統是核心。openEuler協助光大銀行IT基礎底座創新實踐。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"劉文宗：","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"智能電網調度控制系統是電力系統的“神經中樞”，電力行業是國民經濟基礎行業。openEuler與國家電網同行，構建智能電網調度控制系統。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#40A9FF","name":"blue"}}],"text":"智能電網調度控制系統基準要求","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"信息安全等級保護：四級，跨平臺適配，穩定性檢測，解決方案可靠性要求99.99%，核心系統零故障時間，調度指令下發小於1秒，通過雪崩測試。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/9b/9b6cc6e3765a05f6c690fbe731fc3ee6.png","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#40A9FF","name":"blue"}}],"text":"最後","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"當前是雲技術快速發展的時代，需要多體系架構的操作系統來適應雲邊端的多種場景和模式，藉助國內蓬勃發展的開源社區的力量，共同實現基礎操作系統軟件國產化，以及操作系統自主可控，打破國外操作系統廠商的壟斷地位，構建安全可控的信息技術體系。相信類似openEuler這樣的開源社區一定會越來越多，我們的技術生態將越來越繁榮，讓我們對技術新變革拭目以待！","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}}]}