麒麟軟件孔金珠：投身操作系統20年，爲什麼看好openEuler?

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"從 “不知道操作系統，也不會搞操作系統”到“二十年如一日”攻克操作系統技術、市場難關的孔金珠，第一時間帶領麒麟軟件團隊加入 openEuler 社區，現與 InfoQ 分享從事操作系統事業的思考。"}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"與操作系統結緣"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"http:\/\/www.mva.gov.cn\/fengcai\/tyjrfc\/tyjr\/202004\/t20200409_39295.html","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"孔金珠"}]},{"type":"text","text":"畢業於空氣動力學專業，但在 1998 年從事前沿研究，利用“銀河 -Ⅱ號”進行氣象計算。據孔金珠介紹，“銀河 -Ⅱ號”超級計算機基於 Unix 系統，“在這個過程中，我漸漸對該操作系統的內核、進程等部分產生興趣”。"}]},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/11\/110c538e4eec40f273e49c331c5cd70f.jpeg","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":"center","origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"麒麟軟件有限公司執行總裁 孔金珠"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1999 年後，國產操作系統開始受到國家更多重視，“沒有一個國產操作系統不行，（我們）要舉個旗，帶個頭”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"機會在 2001 年降臨。這一年，由國防科技大學牽頭，加上聯想、浪潮、中軟、中科院軟件研究所一共五家單位，承擔國家 863 重大專項——國產服務器操作系統內核研發。孔金珠主動請纓，申請加入項目組，自此與操作系統結緣。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"此後，孔金珠一直與操作系統打交道，帶領團隊攻克操作系統的核心技術。2016 年，孔金珠成爲天津麒麟信息技術有限公司總設計師，致力於國產操作系統的產業化推廣。如今，作爲"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.kylinos.cn\/","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"麒麟軟件"}]},{"type":"text","text":"有限公司執行總裁，孔金珠依然在爲國產操作系統的未來而奔波。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"openEuler 社區的第二大貢獻者"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2019 年 12 月 31 日，"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/openeuler.org\/zh\/","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"openEuler 開源社區"}]},{"type":"text","text":"正式開放源代碼，標誌着 openEuler 社區開放運作邁出了堅實一步。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在社區建設初始，麒麟軟件就加入了 openEuler 社區，並逐漸成爲社區第二大貢獻者。目前，麒麟軟件維護着 openEuler 社區 300 多個代碼包項目，貢獻次數 1800 多次，提交 pr 570 多個、提交 issue 90 多個，參與貢獻的代碼項目有 50 多個，涉及到桌面、雲原生、分佈式存儲、AI、大數據和高可用等多個領域，併發起成立了 HA SIG（高可用組）、oVirt SIG（虛擬化組）、UKUI SIG（輕量化桌面組）、OKD SIG（容器組）、compat-winapp SIG 、industrial control SIG 共 6 個 SIG 組。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"爲什麼加入這個社區？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"孔金珠表示，一方面，華爲是一個真正有投入、敢扛旗的企業。“除了華爲，國內沒有任何企業有這樣的前瞻性和決心”。在開源領域，必須要有一個有影響力的企業擔起重任，“華爲的技術實力比較讓大家信服”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"孔金珠說：“openEuler 的出現，也讓國內操作系統避免成爲 Red Hat 的複印機。以前，國內用免費的 CentOS，搭別人的順風車，但這個搭順風車的成本比自己開車還貴，不僅把你技術給做沒了，人才也做沒了。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"另一方面，從麒麟軟件考慮，“我們和 openEuler 合作，與華爲在更多的技術領域進行深度挖掘，爲麒麟軟件的市場開拓打下基礎”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在加入 openEuler 社區一年多後，孔金珠對社區的整體印象是“開放“。社區理事會牽頭，帶領各個委員會，大家一起推動社區發展，不管是技術、生態，還是治理方式，社區都在不斷演進”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"同時，孔金珠也感覺到“大家都在進步”。在組織和運營開源社區上，“大家以前是跟隨，現在自己當老大”。孔金珠說：“openEuler 是屬於大家的。大家要考慮怎麼去維護和運營一個開源社區。它真正的價值在於開放和共享，借魏徵所言，‘求木之長者，必固其根本；欲流之遠者，必浚其泉源’。“"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"不過，如何把這個社區運營成一個有國際影響力的開源社區，依然任重而道遠。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"目前，麒麟軟件貢獻度排名第二，是 openEuler 社區裏影響力比較大的企業。“但是，與第一的差距還比較大，所以我們要縮短與華爲（第一）的差距”。孔金珠稱，麒麟軟件在 openEuler 社區要加大人力投入，有更大的貢獻，有更多的話語權。此外，他還對與 openEuler 社區的未來合作做了一番暢想："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第一，麒麟軟件現在更多關注傳統服務器市場。考慮到雲原生、人工智能的發展，麒麟軟件可以與華爲鯤鵬和昇騰計算領域有更多的合作；"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第二，麒麟軟件可以與 openEuler 一起培養人才。和大學合作，實現產教融合，提供更多的人才；"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第三，生態方面，打造中國生態，“針對三大運營商、三桶油等存量市場和新建 IDC，我們要攜手把這塊市場拿住，一方面檢驗我們的技術，另一方面有一個比較穩定的經濟收入來源，反哺研發隊伍。希望有更多的院校、科研院所和其他操作系統廠商一起加入，共同創造”。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"國產操作系統的當下與未來"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"作爲一個搞了 20 年操作系統的老兵，孔金珠非常看好國產操作系統的發展。在他看來，國產操作系統這幾年進入高質量發展階段。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最早做銀河麒麟操作系統，把它當技術研究項目做，應用推廣較少。在他看來，國產操作系統前些年主要以研究爲主，產學研脫離。這幾年，情況在改變，企業成爲技術創新主體，比如華爲等。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在這樣一個背景下，國產操作系統研究恰逢其時。“前期，我們在操作系統方面的積累是星星點點，不成體系；而現在，逐漸構建起全面的人才梯隊，操作系統領域將會出現一批中國專家”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"從宏觀角度看，未來的發展趨勢是“雲（雲計算）、物（物聯網）、移（移動互聯網）、大（大數據）、智（人工智能）”，這些全是操作系統在底層進行支撐。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"現在我們身處 AI 時代，人工智能和物聯網已無處不在。以前，這些設備裏就是一個 DSP，現在都是一個完整的操作系統。”孔金珠說。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"隨着雲原生的發展、存儲空間的增大、算力的增強，萬物互聯的時代到來，操作系統迎來一個空前繁榮的發展期。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"針對國產操作系統的未來發展，“還是要培養大批人才”。孔金珠稱，麒麟軟件可能現在是 3000 人，下一步是 4000 人。在這個過程中，一方面，市場有推廣，有用戶和需求；另一方面，能吸引很多人才進入操作系統領域。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"孔金珠說：“操作系統領域的發展對人才的需求量只會越來越大。關鍵是讓更多優秀人才投身這個領域，有越來越多人把參與 openEuler 社區當成一種愛好，參與開源項目。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一個開源項目要想持續、穩定的運營下去，“關鍵是持續不斷地投入”。在他看來，只要有投入，就一定會有產出，“投入大，產出大，投入少，產出少，小打小鬧，最後搞不下去，也就失去了影響力”。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"寫在最後"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"從麒麟軟件加入 openEuler 社區到成爲社區第二大貢獻者，孔金珠見證了這個社區的快速崛起和蓬勃發展。在孔金珠看來，openEuler 社區之所以能在短時間內獲得快速發展，一方面離不開 openEuler 社區踐行“共建、共享、共治”理念，另一方面在於社區的所有參與者的積極貢獻——人人爲我，我爲人人。這更有理由讓我們對它的未來充滿期待。"}]}]}