數列科技CEO曹學鋒：解碼全鏈路壓測領域，談開源背後的意義

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"在剛剛過去的618中，整個互聯網消費者的購物熱情在這場年中大促全面釋放，屢次被刷新的電商戰績讓我們不得不驚歎“剁手黨”的購買力。事實上，在電商大促的活動當天，系統訪問量是日常流量的幾十倍甚至上百倍，如何保障系統在流量高峯期的穩定性，如何爲消費者提供更優質的購物體驗也成爲了技術人需要面臨的大考。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"爲了保障在重大活動中系統的穩定性，自2013年起，行業內各大頭部企業便相繼開始自研生產環境全鏈路壓測技術。讓我們把時間線拉回眼下，生產環境全鏈路壓測這一技術發展到了哪個階段？作爲性能測試工具，它能解決哪些問題？是否只有高流量併發的場景下才有必要進行生產環境全鏈路壓測？帶着這些問題，TGO邀請並專訪了"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.shulie.io\/","title":"xxx","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"數列科技"}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"CEO曹學鋒，爲大家系統分析了全鏈路壓測的意義與價值。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":1},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"獨立創業，換一個角度迎接挑戰"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"曹學鋒作爲國內早期開始探索全鏈路壓測領域的玩家之一，曾是阿里菜鳥的首席架構師及阿里電商中臺核心架構師，參與構建菜鳥整個技術體系。談及創業想法的由來，他表示創業是一個自然而然的轉換過程，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"“在阿里也做了很多與創業相關的工作，無論從業務角度還是職場角度，都需要你做一些有挑戰性的事情。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"提到爲何投身於全鏈路壓測這一技術領域時，曹學鋒表示，在2017年9月份，他們觀察到數據是一個有潛在機會的領域，在跟很多企業合作過程中發現，分佈式架構給系統帶來了很好的計算和擴展能力，同時也使得系統很脆弱，經常會崩潰，對業務造成影響，全鏈路壓測技術可以非常高效地解決這個問題。它以用最低成本，達成最確定的性能目標的方法，保障業務的連續性，讓系統具備反脆弱的能力和快速定位問題能力。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"據他介紹，公司早期的核心人員均來自阿里。其中，CTO爲前阿里中間件團隊負責人，主導過阿里全鏈路壓測、單元化 （異地多中心架構）等重大技術項目，其他成員也都完整經歷了2009-2015 年淘寶網五彩石、去 IOE、淘寶雙十一等世界級技術體系變革，包括在2013年，阿里雙十一第一次在生產環境進行全鏈路壓測的方案論證、建設與系統優化，這樣的技術背景也爲數列科技佈局全鏈路壓測產品奠定了堅實的技術基礎。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":1},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"全鏈路壓測技術有哪些實際意義？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"關於全鏈路壓測技術存在的意義和價值，在採訪過程中，曹學鋒爲我們打了一個通俗易懂的比方："},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"“就像自己組裝一輛車，各個零件都是最好的，但並不能保證整體上能跑過蘭博基尼，局部最優並不能保證全局最優，還需要更及時的反饋，不斷調試去達成全局最優。”"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"全鏈路壓測就是要以最低的成本，達成全局系統最優，並且問題的定位反饋最快，從而讓系統具備非常強的抗擊打能力。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"他透露："},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"“全鏈路壓測之前，阿里爲了保證雙十一當天的系統穩定性，會在公司內部發起一個比較大的項目，所有部門的核心人員都會參與，其中研發人數佔到了30%。”"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"從中可以發現兩個顯而易見的影響：一方面，承接業務需求的研發會被佔用，導致業務需求受到阻斷；另一方面，即便投入了那麼多精力，在線上環境仍然具有不確定性，系統的確定性仍然會有挑戰，面臨雪崩效應。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"在曹學鋒看來，業務複雜性和系統複雜性的雙重作用，使得保障和維持整個系統的高可用性變得異常困難，同時對研發效率也有較大負面影響。 只有排除了性能問題帶來的影響，高流量併發才能帶來額外的效能，否則，就成了一件讓人提心吊膽的事。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"對於全鏈路壓測技術，曹學鋒還發表了自己的見解：“我們真正要做得是怎樣在真實的環境找問題，而不是在實驗室裏找問題。”測試環境就相當於一個實驗室，在測試環境進行壓測產生的結果不具代表性，與在生產環境進行壓測會有很大的差別。據他介紹，大部分系統在沒有使用生產環境全鏈路壓測工具前，因性能問題引發的故障大約在30%左右，使用產品後這個數字可以降到0。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"談及全鏈路壓測技術的意義，曹學鋒和他的團隊表示這是一個具有里程碑意義的技術，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"讓技術人員擁有一個可以抗擊系統脆弱性的武器，快速反饋，精準修復，用更低的成本、更快的時間讓系統具備高度的確定性。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":1},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"哪些企業需要應用全鏈路壓測？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"公司不同的業務以及公司所處的不同階段，對系統穩定性的要求都是不同的。隨着企業開始全面佈局數字化轉型，越來越多的公司將訂單的獲取、交易以及交付都放到了線上，代碼量級正在以翻倍的速度增長，需求改動的次數也在逐級遞增，企業系統穩定性必受到一些挑戰，對於系統高可用本身的要求也會變得更加嚴格。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"那麼，到底哪些企業更需要應用全鏈路壓測工具呢？回到這個核心問題上，曹學鋒也爲我們總結了以下四大類："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"第一類：流量猛漲超過日常流量的場景，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"比如雙十一、618等常規性電商購物節，企業可以提前進行部署。除此以外，由於在微服務架構系統中，服務之間的調用關係像是一張繁雜的網，所以服務之間的調用非常複雜。在這種情況下，應用全鏈路壓測技術就顯得也尤爲重要。他告訴TGO，浙江大學有一款線上授課系統，需要利用全鏈路壓測工具來驗證其能否抗住十萬人同時在線。雖然“十萬”這個量級對於互聯網公司來說，它並不是特別高，但浙江大學的系統是由各個供應商提供的系統集合而成的，這種情況下涉及到的問題便會更多。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"第二類：數字化轉型企業 ，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"當客戶從線上來，生產協同都要靠系統完成時，系統的不確定性會直接影響公司的業務，甚至直接會阻斷業務"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"第三類：如果一家企業的IT開發人員超過50人，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"那麼系統就會比較複雜，系統鏈路會比較長，這時就需要全鏈路壓測工具來提升系統的確定性，並降低系統的運維管理成本。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"第四類：當企業有上雲需求時，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"需要利用全鏈路壓測工具去保證業務的連續性，驗證業務上雲之後能否穩定運行。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":1},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"決定開源，讓企業把精力專注在業務上"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"早在2019年年底，曹學鋒就帶領他的團隊完成了生產環境全鏈路壓測工具ForceCop的產品化，2020年進入全面推廣階段，目前中國人壽、順豐科技、希音、中通快遞、中國移動、永輝超市、愛庫存、浙江大學等50+頭部行業公司都採用了該技術，憑藉突出紮實的技術實力收穫了一致的正向反饋。直至今年，數列決定將這款產品進行開源，推出全球首款全鏈路壓測開源產品——"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/github.com\/shulieTech\/Takin","title":"xxx","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Takin"}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"“好的產品值得被更多人看到”"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"曹學鋒坦言，決定開源的初衷非常簡單，一方面，很多技術人員在工作中遇到問題時，基本都會通過尋找開源產品的方式，來看看其他從業者是否也遇到過；另一方面，它也能幫助企業節省20%左右的研發工程師，讓他們將精力專注在業務上。反之，開源對於自身公司業務的發展也有正向推動作用，一款好產品有更多人去使用，才能幫助產品進入到一個正向反饋循環。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"另外，在採訪過程中，曹學鋒也向TGO透露了公司在今後的兩大目標："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"第一，讓全鏈路壓測產品更完善，幫助更多企業提升用戶體驗及業務的確定性 "},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"“希望該產品被廣泛使用，讓系統的抗擊打能力更強，讓業務不再被中斷”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"第二，進一步提升發現問題的速度和效率"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"，“很多公司發現故障的方式基本都是靠人或者靠投訴，基於此，我們會在全鏈路壓測的基礎上做一些新的探索，讓他們可以在更短時間內就直接定位問題。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"與此同時，曹學鋒也表示將生產環境全鏈路壓測產品Takin開源，肯定會接觸到之前從未遇到過的問題以及產品，如何能爲這些產品提供更好的支持，是公司當下面臨的最大挑戰。“"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"未來任重而道遠，我們衷心希望能和業界攜手，打造更好用的產品。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"GitHub開源地址如下："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"Takin："},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/github.com\/shulieTech\/Takin","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/github.com\/shulieTech\/Takin"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"開源社區："},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/news.shulie.io\/?p=3024","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/news.shulie.io\/?p=3024"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"（瞭解詳細操作文檔）"}]}]}