Natural Selection: Darwin's theory that favorable adaptations to features of the environment allow some members of a species to reproduce more successfully than others.
自然選擇：達爾文的理論認爲，對環境特徵有利的適應使物種中的某些成員比其他成員更成功地繁殖。
Naturalistic Observation: A research technique in which unobtrusive observations are made of behaviors that occur in natural environments.
自然觀察：一種研究技術，對自然環境中發生的行爲進行不引人注目的觀察。
Need for Achievement (a Ach): An assumed basic human need to strive for achievement of goals that motivates a wide range of behavior and thinking.
成就需要：一種假定的人類爲實現目標而奮鬥的基本需求，這種需求激勵着廣泛的行爲和思考。
Negative Punishment: A behavior is followed by the removal of an appetitive stimulus, decreasing the probability of the behavior.
陰性懲罰：一種慾望刺激消失之後就能降低行爲可能性的行爲。