傳華爲將出售採用英特爾x86架構的服務器業務？

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"有消息稱，華爲將賣掉服務器業務，接盤方或許是蘇州國資委。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"傳華爲賣掉服務器業務"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"近日，多家媒體報道稱，華爲將賣掉服務器業務。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"8月5日，《通信人家園》論壇上有消息稱華爲服務器產品線將打包出售。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"AI財經社援引一位消息人士的說法稱，接盤方或許是蘇州國資委。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這一猜測或存在一定可能性。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"華爲和蘇州已有多年合作。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"早在2012年，華爲將企業業務總部落戶蘇州工業園區，其業務涵蓋海思芯片、短距無線WLAN、網絡雲引擎等。2019年，華爲人工智能創新中心落戶蘇州工業園區。同年11月，華爲蘇研所整體搬遷入駐桑田島基地，該基地自2012年啓動建設，是華爲華東區域四大研發基地之一。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"華爲在蘇州的佈局和投入還在持續加大。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"今年1月，華爲和蘇州簽約，華爲一次性將“四總部”落地和“六個中心”入駐華爲蘇州桑田島基地。其中“四總部”，包括華爲公司中國區政企總部、華爲公司中國區雲與計算總部、華爲公司EBG全球OpenLab總部、華爲公司WLAN全球研發總部。“六中心”，分別是工業互聯網賦能中心、人工智能創新中心、智能網聯汽車測試中心、數字產業鏈協同中心、數字化治理與服務示範中心、ICT人才培養中心。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"集微網的報道稱，華爲此次主要出售的是，採用英特爾x86架構的服務器業務，而將保留採用ARM架構的鯤鵬芯片的服務器業務。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在2019年前，華爲服務器一直採用英特爾x86架構芯片。2019年5月，華爲被美國列入實體清單，清單規定，未經允許，華爲不得從美國企業獲得元器件和相關技術。一年後，美國製裁升級，將技術禁運比例從20%直接降低到零。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"禁運令下，華爲無法從英特爾採購x86架構芯片，這直接影響到了採用x86架構芯片的服務器業務。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"據悉，在被列入實體名單前，華爲服務器業務年銷售額約在300億-400億元左右的規模。而被禁運後，目前華爲服務器業務年銷售額不足百億美元。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"華爲服務器的市場份額也在下滑。2019年全球前五大服務器品牌排名中，戴爾易安信(Dell EMC)排名第一，華爲排名第四。IDC發佈的《全球服務器季度跟蹤報告》顯示，2020年第三季度，華爲以4.9％的份額，位列全球服務器市場第五。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"美國禁令也影響到了華爲在英國的產品生產線。去年9月，華爲撤下了硬件產品線，包括所有的網絡交換機、服務器和存儲設備。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"鯤鵬服務器芯片出貨量市佔率已超50%"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這幾年，華爲在自研國產高端服務器上不斷加大投入。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2019年，海思推出了自研的服務器處理器芯片 — “鯤鵬”系列，以作爲英特爾和AMD的替代。據悉，十年裏，華爲耗資200億元做出了鯤鵬芯片及芯片組。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2019年 1 月 7 日，華爲在深圳發佈了全新的鯤鵬 920 芯片。鯤鵬920基於 Arm 架構，是面向服務器市場的高端芯片，是服務器行業性能最高的CPU芯片。華爲稱，鯤鵬處理器具有高性能、高帶寬、高集成度、高效能等特點，能夠滿足數據中心的多樣性計算和綠色計算需求。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"但好景不長，伴隨着美國不斷強化對華爲使用美國半導體技術的限制，鯤鵬芯片的生產也受到重挫。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2020年5月15日，美國在將華爲列入實體清單的基礎上，進一步強化對華爲使用美國半導體技術的限制。新禁令之下，任何企業供貨含有美國技術的半導體產品給華爲，都必須先取得美國政府的出口許可。也就是說，未經美國政府的同意，華爲及其關聯公司將不能使用美國的軟件和技術設計芯片，也不能利用美國的設備來生產芯片。該禁令當天即生效，但同時也提供了 120 天緩衝期。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"到了8 月 17 日，美國針對華爲芯片的制裁"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.infoq.cn\/article\/UfQgC9RfdxdCONZGBvxx","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"再次升級"}]},{"type":"text","text":"，華爲就連找第三方廠商購買芯片的路也被限制了。而120天后，自2020年9 月 15 日開始，美國針對華爲的芯片限制令將全面生效，自此，華爲的高端芯片供應鏈算是"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.infoq.cn\/article\/OVl29YJ4D8tSuXpc6zBH ","title":"xxx","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"徹底斷了"}]},{"type":"text","text":"。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"華爲自研的、基於ARM的鯤鵬服務器芯片無法代工生產，也無法從外部購買芯片。而英特爾的供貨許可也將在2021年初被撤銷。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"去年據日媒報道，華爲已經儲備了兩年份的關鍵美製芯片，以保護其業務不受美國政府制裁的打擊。消息人士稱，華爲儲備的重點是英特爾生產的用於服務器和Xilinx可編程芯片的CPU。這些是華爲公司基站業務和新興雲業務“最重要的組件”，其庫存足以維持一年半至兩年的生產活動。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"AI財經社的報道稱，華爲此前囤了數百萬片鯤鵬芯片，這些芯片極爲搶手。一些製造鯤鵬服務器的企業，其銷售人員要到產線上蹲守拿貨。靠這些囤貨，鯤鵬業務目前在一些關鍵應用行業仍在持續推廣中。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"去年在華爲全聯接 2020 大會上，華爲雲業務總裁鄭葉來表示，伴隨着計算基礎軟件 openEuler、openGauss、openLooKeng 以及 AI 框架 MindSpore 如期開源，華爲向合作伙伴推出的鯤鵬服務器出貨量市場佔有率已超過 50%。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"參考文章："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/baijiahao.baidu.com\/s?id=1707260081800517164&wfr=spider&for=pc","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/baijiahao.baidu.com\/s?id=1707260081800517164&wfr=spider&for=pc"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/baijiahao.baidu.com\/s?id=1707274472163553383&wfr=spider&for=pc","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/baijiahao.baidu.com\/s?id=1707274472163553383&wfr=spider&for=pc"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/baijiahao.baidu.com\/s?id=1667925211864878547&wfr=spider&for=pc","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/baijiahao.baidu.com\/s?id=1667925211864878547&wfr=spider&for=pc"}]}]}]}