技術人最愛Rust，最怕COBOL，工程經理最高薪，懂Clojure最賺錢 | 2021全球開發者報告

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來自前十名國家。要了解前十名國家，請參閱調查方法一節。當我們放大到美國（得到答覆最多的國家）時，我們發現，擁有成熟科技中心的州的被調查者最多：加利福尼亞州、紐約州、華盛頓州和德克薩斯州。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"經驗"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"高管和經理通常都有很多年的編程經驗，而從事數據科學和機器學習的人通常經驗最少，平均的經驗甚至少於學術研究者。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"編寫第一行代碼"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"程序員很早就開始編寫代碼：50% 以上的被調查者在 11 歲到 17 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開發者的薪酬比有相同經驗的其他語言要低。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"你目前的薪酬總額是多少（工資、獎金和額外津貼，稅前和扣除項）？"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/resource\/image\/ea\/32\/ea01e1c248e06b7b428c19891b5yy532.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"調查方法"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"本次調查是如何策劃和分析的。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"常規"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"本報告是基於對全球 181 個國家的 83439 名軟件開發者的調查。 根據已經完成的完整調查所花費的時間，我們認爲這是“符合”的答覆數量；另外提交了大約 172 份答覆，但沒有包括在分析中，因爲受訪者在調查中所花費的時間不足 3 分鐘。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"本次調查是在 2021 年 5 月 25 日至 2021 年 6 月 15 日進行。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在本次調查中，合格答覆所用的時間中位數爲 10.21 分鐘。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"受訪者主要是通過 Stack Overflow 所有的渠道來招募的。受訪者的主要來源是現場消息、博客帖子、電子郵件列表、橫幅廣告和社交媒體帖子。由於受訪者是通過這種方式招募的，Stack Overflow 上的高參與度用戶更有可能會注意到調查的提示，從而在徵集的過程中接受調查。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"作爲一項激勵措施，完成調查的受訪者如果完成了調查，有權獲得一個“普查”標誌。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我們詢問了受訪者的薪酬情況。首先，我們詢問了每個受訪者通常使用什麼貨幣。之後，我們詢問了受訪者他們的薪酬水平，以及該薪酬是每週、每月還是每年。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"與調查中的大多數問題一樣，薪酬問題是可選的。有 46844 名受訪者向我們提供了薪酬數據。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我們使用 2021 年 6 月 16 日 的匯率將用戶貨幣的薪酬轉換爲美元，同時假設 12 個工作月和 50 個工作周，將其轉換爲年薪。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"大約 2% 的美國國內外最高薪酬水平被削減，並被門檻值取代。在美國，國內外的門檻值不同。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"要決定今年的調查應該包括什麼技術，我們研究了 Stack Overflow 上最受歡迎和發展最快的標籤（以發佈的問題爲例）。我們將這些技術與去年包括的技術進行了比較，並查看了有多少人選擇了每個選項。將這一切綜合起來，我們策劃出了一套要包括的技術集。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這些問題被組織成若干問題塊，並將它們按照順序隨機排列。另外，對大部分問題的答案也是隨機地排列。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"原文鏈接："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/insights.stackoverflow.com\/survey\/2021#experience-learn-code-age","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/insights.stackoverflow.com\/survey\/2021#experience-learn-code-age"}]}]}]}