全球芯片短缺，臺積電全線漲價；微軟挖角亞馬遜高管；IEEE 公佈 2021 年度編程語言排行榜

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"本週架構視點"},{"type":"text","text":"：小米：收購深動科技；臺積電：全球缺芯，全線提價；微軟：挖角亞馬遜高管；谷歌或向蘋果支付 150 億美元保留默認搜索引擎；IEEE 公佈 2021 編程語言排名，Python 連莊；App Store 將迎重大更新；Cloudflare 扛下超大規模 DDoS 攻擊。"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":1},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"萬萬沒想到"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"小米集團 7737 萬美元收購自動駕駛技術公司 Deepmotion（深動科技）"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"本週三，小米集團正式宣佈，公司與 Deepmotion Tech Limited（深動科技）相關訂約方訂立股份購買協議。整體收購總價約爲 7737 萬美元。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"DeepMotion屬於高精地圖與定位技術公司，採用視覺爲主的多傳感器融合策略，其以高精地圖爲核心，對感知、定位與構圖模塊在算法層面進行整合，由於其沒有拿到地圖相應測繪資質，未來將轉向提供全棧的自動駕駛解決方案，包括前視\/環視\/周視感知系統、自主代客泊車AVP方案等技術。據稱，DeepMotion 可能會有一個 20 餘人的團隊融入小米，這將幫助小米初步加大自動駕駛領域的技術積累，補齊各領域負責人，奠定小米造車的基礎。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"蘋果針對 iPhone 12、12 Pro 無聲因問題推出服務計劃"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"本週五蘋果公司在其官網推出了新的服務計劃，以解決少量機型在撥打或接聽電話時出現無聲音的問題。受影響的用戶可以帶着設備到蘋果直營店或授權商處接受免費服務。蘋果公司表示，部分 iPhone 12 和 12 Pro 聽筒模塊上的某個組件可能會發送故障，極少數的設備會出現聲音問題。本次服務計劃涵蓋 2020 年 10 月至 2021 年 4 月期間生產的有限數量的設備，主要針對 iPhone 12 和 iPhone 12 Pro，iPhone 12 mini 和 iPhone 12 Pro Max 不受影響，不在這項計劃的保障範圍。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"全球缺芯關鍵時刻，臺積電全線提價最高 20%"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"據報道，臺積電上週內部決議，計劃將最先進製程芯片的價格上調約 10%，而汽車製造商等客戶使用的成熟製程芯片價格將上調約 20%。面對上游原材料的漲價及下游旺盛的需求，各大芯片代工廠隨之不斷調漲報價，聯電、力積電、臺積電、中芯國際等均受影響。且隨着產能爭搶激烈，價格更呈現逐季調漲趨勢。早在本週三，多家芯片設計廠商就已收到了臺積電漲價通知：5nm 和 7nm 等先進製程漲幅約 7% 至 9%，成熟製程價格漲價約 20%。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"臺積電正在努力提高產能，增加產量，並解決長期需求方面的結構性增長。臺積電預計在未來三年內將投資約 1000 億美元以提高產能。同時臺積電也表示，短缺問題可能會持續到"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"2022 年，2023 年有望得到解決。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"微軟聘請亞馬遜雲業務高管貝爾擔任公司副總裁"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"據報道，北京時間 8 月 26 日上午，微軟聘請亞馬遜雲計算主管查理·貝爾（Charlie Bell）擔任公司副總裁。此前貝爾一度被視爲 AWS 新主管的候選人，他是亞馬遜頂級高管團隊 S-team 的一員，在亞馬遜主要負責定價、軟件開發服務運營和財務業績等。目前暫不清楚貝爾具體會在微軟做什麼。不過這一挖角行動可以看出微軟在 Azure 雲業務上的決心。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"谷歌今年或向蘋果支付 150 億美元保留默認搜索，同比漲 50%"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"谷歌公司每年都向蘋果公司支付一大筆費用用以維持它在 iPhone 、iPad 以及 Mac 上的默認搜索引擎地位。據投行伯恩斯坦（Bernstein）分析師發佈的最新報告稱，谷歌今年向蘋果支付的費用可能高達 150 億美元，較去年的 100 億美元增長 50%。同時預計明年將進一步增加到 180 億美元至 200 億美元。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"App Store 將迎來重大更新"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"Apple 於 8 月 27 日宣佈了一系列關於 App Store 的重大更新。首先，Apple 將允許開發者向用戶介紹在 iOS App 之外的購買選項，且 App Store 以外的任何購買均不需要向 Apple 支付佣金。其次，App Store 中訂閱、App 內購買以及付費 App 的價格點數從不到 100 個將會拓展到 500 個，給予開發者充分的定價自由。此外，App Store 重大更新還包括了 App Store 搜索改善、繼續保留 App 申請複議的選項、公開 App 審覈機制的詳細數據和設立基金會以幫助美國小型開發者等多項內容。最後，Apple 還啓動新聞夥伴計劃，以拓展 Apple 對新聞事業的支持。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":1},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"IT 科技新聞"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"IEEE 公佈 2021 年編程語言排名，Python 一騎絕塵，C# 排名飛昇"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"本週三，IEEE Spectrum 發佈了 2021 年度編程語言排行榜。IEEE 按照 8 個信息源 11 種指標收集數據，包括 GitHub、Google、Hacker News、IEEE、Reddit、Stack Overflow、Twitter、CareerBuilder，涵蓋了主流社交、技術、開源代碼和求職網站。深度剖析 55 種編程語言的流行度，希望以此呈現開發者工具最真實的現狀。Python 在總榜單以及其他幾個分榜單（如綜合熱度、增長速度、工作需求等）中都牢牢佔據第一名的位置。最近幾年 Python 的發展可謂勢如破竹。另外值得關注的是微軟 C#，從 2020 年的 23 名躍升至了今年的第 6 名，開發者對分佈式系統的興趣持續增加，C# 正是爲實現這一功能而設計的，這大概也是 C# 提升的原因之一。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Cloudflare 發文稱扛下了超大規模 DDoS 攻擊，峯值每秒達 1720 萬次"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"Cloudflare 近日稱在上月 Cloudflare 發現了針對金融行業客戶的大規模 DDoS 攻擊，攻擊者利用了由 20000 多臺受感染的設備組成的殭屍網絡，以通過向目標網絡發送巨量 HTTP 請求的方式，來耗盡其服務器資源。Cloudflare 指出，在本次攻擊的高峯，創下了每秒 1720 萬次的請求（rps）記錄，規模達到了以往針對公共領域發起的容量 DDoS 攻擊的三倍。攻擊持續了數小時，Cloudflare 幫助客戶扛下了超過 3.3 億的垃圾 HTTP 請求。此前，AWS 曾在 2020 年 2 月記錄了有史以來最大的帶寬 DDoS 攻擊，峯值達到了每秒 2.3 Tbps。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Facebook 智能眼鏡項目細節曝光，運行定製版安卓系統"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"本週，Facebook 向美國聯邦通信委員會（FCC）提交了其智能眼鏡項目 Project Aria 的使用手冊，該手冊顯示了 Ariane 的 iOS 版本，目前還沒有關於 Facebook 是否也在使用安卓配套應用測試這款眼鏡的消息。單個設備組件的照片顯示，Facebook 使用了與 VR 頭盔 Oculus Quest 2 相同的攝像頭傳感器。視頻是以 VRS 文件格式錄製的，其中包含同時捕捉所有四個攝像頭流的圖像。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"天津國資委要求國企上國資雲，停止使用阿里雲、騰訊雲等平臺"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"爲將國企數據納入統一管理，天津市要求國企不再使用第三方雲服務，遷移至統一平臺。天津計劃在 2022 年 9 月底前，全部完成國企向國資雲的遷移工作。 “上國資雲”指與天津國資雲科技有限公司合作，向其採購雲計算、雲安全、雲桌面及電子發票系統等服務。天津國資雲公司是天津國資委全資控股公司，成立於 2021 年 3 月。 中國已經在關鍵行業推進信息系統的國產化，但此前並未要求將信息系統部署至統一的雲平臺。根據文件，遷移至統一雲平臺是爲了將國企數據資產納入統一管理，加強安保。值得注意的是，已建成的國資雲仍從第三方雲採購服務。根據四川國資雲官網，它由四川省國資委授權四川能投集團下屬公司建設，向採用阿里雲採購技術方案，運營由四川能投和四川電信聯合完成。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Linux 大版本更新，將提升未來企業應用程序的安全性"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"Linux 剛過完 30 週歲生日，下一個大版本 5.14 穩定版也即將發佈，據官方公告稱，Linux 5.14 將帶來多項新功能。Red Hat（紅帽）Linux 工程副總裁 Mike McGrath 指出，其中包括一項被稱爲核心調度的新特性，旨在緩解包括 2018 年開始曝光的幽靈（Spectre）和熔燬（Meltdown）等在內的處理器級別的硬件漏洞。此外在企業 Linux 開發商 SUSE 首席技術官 Gerald Pfeifer 看來，得益於開源領域前所未有的創新潛力、再加上開放性與獨立性，Linux 已經奠定了面向未來 30 年的重要基礎。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"IBM 發佈 7 納米 Telum 處理器，並稱其可以實時檢測欺詐"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"在本週的 Hot Chips 33 芯片大會上，IBM 公佈了其新一代處理器 Telum。Telum 是 IBM 首款具有芯片上 AI 加速功能的處理器，用於 IBM 下一代 Z 系列大型機和 LinuxONE 服務器。IBM 稱，其人工智能硬件研究中心花了 3 年的時間研發打造出 Telum 處理器，新處理器通過芯片內深度學習推理（Inference），幫助即時解決金融客戶解決欺詐等問題，從而不需要將數據轉移至芯片外。用於大型機上時，可以協助銀行解決詐騙、高頻交易等金融難，預計 2022 年上半年採用該芯片的大型機系統將會推出。"}]}]}