黑客過於強勢，谷歌微軟已承諾投入數十億美元做網絡安全

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#404040","name":"user"}}],"text":"當地時間8月25日，在白宮由美國總統喬·拜登（Joe Biden）舉行的網絡安全工作會議上，從科技到金融保險等行業的美國商界領袖承諾將投入數十億美元，以加強網絡安全建設。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#333333","name":"user"}}],"text":"備受矚目的網絡攻擊"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#333333","name":"user"}}],"text":"之所以召開本次"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#404040","name":"user"}}],"text":"網絡安全工作會"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#333333","name":"user"}}],"text":"議，主要還是因爲在此之前，美國發生了幾起備受矚目的網絡攻擊事件。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#333333","name":"user"}}],"text":"首先是發生在今年一月，一家專職提供IT 監控和運維解決方案的商業公司"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.solarwinds.com\/home-page?adobe_mc_sdid=SDID%3D59A08E80CB699490-65013B69FFF7083B%7CMCORGID%3D8D6867C25245AEFB0A490D4C%40AdobeOrg%7CTS%3D1630637926&adobe_mc_ref=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2F","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"SolarWinds"}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#333333","name":"user"}}],"text":"遭遇供應鏈攻擊，其中超過250家企業，包括政府機構和私營企業受到影響，當然這個數字還是保守數字。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"隨後在今年五月，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#333333","name":"user"}}],"text":"美國最大的燃油管道被一個不名爲“黑暗面”（Dark Side）的網絡犯罪團伙攻擊，他們對目標系統植入惡意軟件，以索要贖金，劫持了科洛尼爾管道運輸公司"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/zhongwen\/simp\/world-57054720","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"將近100GB的數據"}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#333333","name":"user"}}],"text":"。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#333333","name":"user"}}],"text":"而後是今年六月美國一家大型肉類加工企業JBS也爆出加工廠遭到了"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/business-57423008","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"網絡攻擊"}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#333333","name":"user"}}],"text":"，計算機系統被黑，爲了保護客戶的信息，交付了1100萬美元給黑客。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#333333","name":"user"}}],"text":"幾家重要企業先後遭到了黑客攻擊，除了對企業本身的影響外，相關行爲已經威脅到了美國的食品和能源供應，對政府公共管理造成了潛在威脅。“聯邦政府無法單獨應對這一挑戰。”拜登對企業高管表示，“我們有很多工作要做。”"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#333333","name":"user"}}],"text":"與會者們的承諾"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"隨後，美國政府召開會議並宣佈，將會與業界合作，制定新的指導方針，幫助各家企業和政府機構構建更加全面堅固的網絡安全技術，並評估現有的技術安全性。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"在此次會議中"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"，一同參與的這些美國商業領袖在會上也做出承諾，表示未來將會投入數十億美元，不論是從科技，還是到金融、保險等行業，都將加強網絡安全建設。同時，還將努力制定新的行業規則、爲企業提供更強大的網絡安全工具、加強企業和機構員工技能方面的培訓，以及填補大約50萬個美國網絡安全方面的工作崗位空缺問題。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"在會後"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"，各大互聯網巨頭紛紛發聲。蘋果表示將會創建一個致力於改進其技術供應鏈的安全狀況的新項目，其中將包括與供應商合作，採用多重認證和安全培訓；谷歌也表示將在五年內投資100多億美元加強網絡安全，並承諾通過職業證書項目在IT行業支持和數據分析領域培訓10萬名美國人，同時還將加強軟件供應鏈和開源安全等問題。而微軟公司的首席執行官則承諾在五年內投入200億美元，幫助提供更先進的網絡安全工具。另外，還有IBM和亞馬遜也表示將付諸一系列的行動，支持網絡安全的建設工作。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"網絡安全建設無國界"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#404040","name":"user"}}],"text":"自上任以來，拜登政府已經"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#404040","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"採取了幾項措施"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#404040","name":"user"}}],"text":"來應對日益嚴重的網絡安全威脅。今年5月，拜登簽署了一項加強政府軟件安全的行政命令，要求IT服務提供商報告可能影響美國網絡的攻擊，並精簡信息共享流程。隨後他還在"},{"type":"text","text":"7月28日簽署了一份國家安全備忘錄"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#404040","name":"user"}}],"text":"，指示聯邦機構採取行動，改善關鍵基礎設施的網絡安全。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"不僅是美國，對於任何一個國家來說，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#404040","name":"user"}}],"text":"國家的關鍵基礎設施都面向公衆直接或間接提供支撐性服務，它們的中斷或破壞將對重要的社會功能產生嚴重影響，從而會對國家政治、經濟、社會、國防、環境以及人民的生命財產造成嚴重損失，後果不可估量。所以，美國的這次會議也爲我們帶來了啓示——"},{"type":"text",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