Spring Framework 6将使用Java 17和Jakarta EE 9作为基线版本

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"本文最初发表于"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/medium.com\/@puneet.chandel\/technology-choices-that-make-sense-today-f76872743ec1","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Spring官方博客网站"}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"，由InfoQ中文站翻译并分享。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在最近召开的SpringOne上，Spring官方宣布Spring Framework 6和Spring Boot 3计划将基于更高的基线于2022年的第四季度发布通用可用版本："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Java 17+（目前Spring Framework 5.3.x的基线是Java 8-17）"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Jakarta EE 9+（目前Spring Framework 5.3.x的基线是Java EE 7-8）"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"这种具有前瞻性的基线将会为我们的API设计和集成工作带来明显的收益，让应用程序的代码保持崭新的状态，并且能够让框架和应用程序在未来的许多年内保持良好的发展。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"当然，这也是有代价的，基于Spring Framework 6和Spring Boot 3的应用程序在运行时方面至少需要JDK 17，并且需要Tomcat 10 \/ Jetty 11（为了兼容Jakarta EE 9）环境。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"更重要的是，应用程序的源代码可能需要一些改变：例如，在Jakarta EE 9中，只要涉及到Servlet API、JPA、Bean Validation等功能，就需要将javax改为jakarta命名空间。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"这听起来虽然有些激进，但请注意，我们讨论的是2022年第四季度的发布。到那时，JDK 17早已取代JDK 11成为下一个长期支持版本一年多了，而且它本身也将被JDK 18和JDK 19所取代，作为特性发布版本，它们已经可用了，而且JDK 20也接近其功能冻结期。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"对于Jakarta EE 9也是如此。我们预计Jakarta EE 10届时业已发布，并且新一代的Tomcat、Jetty和其他的运行时方案将会支持它们。保持上述最低限度的基线，可以在Spring Framework 6.x一代中获得进一步的Java进化，而Java 17和Jakarta EE 9只是一个开始。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"与此同时，Spring Framework 5.3.x和Spring Boot 2.x目前仍在积极开发中，Spring Boot 2.6将在今年11月推出，然后Spring Boot 2.7将在2022年5月推出。一旦达到Spring Boot 2.x的最终功能分支（尚未确定是2.7还是更晚的版本），该分支将与Spring Framework 5.3.x一起转入扩展的开源维护阶段，与Spring Framework 6和Spring Boot 3并行，到时候会有几年的重叠时间。考虑到我们之前对Spring Framework 3.2.x和4.3.x维护分支的处理，可以预期在实际中的结果是什么样子的。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"因此，如果你打算在JDK 8或11上再呆几年，甚至如果你打算在JDK 17上的Spring Framework 5.3基础设施上再呆几年的话，请放心，我们对Spring Framework 5.3.x和Spring Boot 2.x的扩展维护会让你满意。一旦你准备好为下一代的Java生态系统构建应用程序，那么就可以按照自己的节奏升级到Spring Framework 6和Spring Boot 3，以及Tomcat、Jetty和相关可用的解决方案，这样就可以享受新基础设施的优势和新的架构方案。我们希望你能在未来几年内欣赏这些选择。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"PS: 如果你想了解JDK 11作为LTS（Long-Term Support）的相关信息，请注意JDK 11的商业支持时限要比JDK 8更短，JDK 11 LTS在2023年底就会逐步结束。JDK 17作为下一代LTS将提供至少到2026年的支持。我们认为JDK 8在生态系统中具有独特的作用；相比之下，JDK 11是一个过渡性版本。另外，JDK 17会提供一套最新语言的特性、API和JVM增强功能，使其成为一个更引人注目的升级。另外需要注意的是，在同一代Spring Framework 6.x中，仍然会有JDK 23 LTS（2024）和JDK 29 LTS（2027）需要支持，最终的支持范围将会是相当广泛的JDK 17-29。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"英文链接："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/medium.com\/@puneet.chandel\/technology-choices-that-make-sense-today-f76872743ec1"}]}]}