{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"作爲一傢俱有硬件基因的公司，ARM爲何推出面向汽車產業的軟件架構？"}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Arm進入汽車領域，推出面向嵌入式邊緣的可擴展開放架構SOAFEE"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"InfoQ獲悉，9月16日，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Arm 宣佈通過與多家汽車供應鏈企業合作，推出新的軟件架構和參考實現 — 面向嵌入式邊緣的可擴展開放架構 — SOAFEE（Scalable Open Architecture for Embedded Edge），以及兩款新的參考硬件平臺，目標用軟件定義汽車產業的未來。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"隨着汽車產業架構和功能的演進，汽車開發者致力於提供先進駕駛輔助系統（ADAS）、車載信息娛樂系統（IVI）、電氣化動力系統和自動駕駛等功能，也因此正面臨着代碼日益複雜的挑戰。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"爲了滿足這些不斷演進的消費者需求，計算必須變得更加集中化。而軟件對實現這個目標至關重要。由此產生的軟件開發、部署和管理方式的變化意味着雲原生開發，這一有效推動雲基礎設施產業降低成本、時間和複雜性的開發方式，比以往任何時候都更適用於汽車開發。隨着實現這些功能的軟件越來越複雜，軟件開發和維護的成本會變得非常高，利用雲原生技術改進軟件的開發、構建、管理、更新的效率越來越重要。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"然而，爲了快速無縫地滿足當今軟件定義汽車的需求，一個標準化的框架必不可少，該框架能夠增強經過驗證的雲原生技術，這些技術可以與汽車應用中必需的"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"實時和安全"},{"type":"text","text":"功能一起大規模協作。此外，這個框架也能讓其他實時和安全關鍵型的應用受益，例如機器人和工業自動化。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Arm 汽車和物聯網事業部副總裁 Chet Babla 表示，“"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"汽車產業正處於一個關鍵拐點，整個供應鏈，從 IP 設計商到汽車製造商，都在進行重新驗證和定義。"},{"type":"text","text":" Arm 及其生態系統希望幫助汽車產業加快實現軟件定義未來的願景。 Arm針對汽車應用的"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"安全和實時"},{"type":"text","text":"需求，設計和提供了標準、軟件和開發者資源以及專用的處理平臺。”"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"用軟件定義汽車"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"汽車產業的形勢正在發生改變。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"過去汽車製造商並不會把軟件定義爲一輛汽車的核心，而是以硬件爲主。因爲消費者對功能要求越來越多令軟件變得越來越複雜，而且越來越重要。不過，這並不意味着硬件不重要了，只是相對過去來講，軟件的重要性和價值在提高。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“在汽車產業鏈，車廠、以及一級供應商等都認識到，隨着汽車硬件和軟件越來越複雜，越來越先進，他們必須掌握更多的軟件和硬件技術才能滿足市場需求。因此，他們也開始在軟件開發方面不斷投入，甚至去主導IC的設計，這些改變在過去是很難想象的。如果能夠有一個統一的軟件定義汽車平臺作爲基礎，讓大家在這個統一的平臺上去進行差異化的功能和服務的開發，將會使所有產業鏈中的企業和用戶受益。這就是爲什麼Arm要發佈軟件架構，從根本上是爲了順應和滿足產業的發展”，Arm 汽車和物聯網事業部亞太區合作伙伴關係高級總監鄧志偉如是解釋ARM，這樣一傢俱有硬件基因的公司爲什麼會面向汽車產業推出軟件架構。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/7b\/7b47d5e12935fdc0769a5ae630638273.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":"center","origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"size","attrs":{"size":10}}],"text":"鄧志偉"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"那麼Arm理解的“軟件定義”是什麼意思（Software-Defined）？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"鄧志偉解釋，簡單來說，軟件定義，就是由軟件啓動和控制一個特定的功能，但不只如此，一個完整的軟件定義還必須包含對底層硬件的抽象化，從而實現同樣的軟件在不同的硬件上都能順暢運行。另外，軟件定義還必須要具備不斷升級和更新的能力，而且，它必須是以雲端技術作爲開發和構建的基礎。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"從技術的角度來看，軟件定義的內涵是，一個功能及服務會在雲端的環境中開發、測試及驗證，這些工作需要藉助很多雲端技術來完成，Hardware Models 用來模擬硬件的環境，container\/virtualization提供獨立的軟件執行環境及虛擬化，CI\/CD（Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery持續集成 \/ 持續交付)負責管理應用及服務的更新，編排器（Orchestrator）負責配置適當的軟硬件資源給每一個容器 (container)。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"當這個功能及服務被放到車中執行時，底層的硬件必須提供好的擴充能力以應付各式計算處理的需求，同時要能在一定的功耗下達到最佳的運作性能，也必須提供處理實時性、功能安全及保密的技術。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"鄧志偉表示，Arm所提供的技術完全能滿足上述要求，因此Arm能夠由終端的IP技術出發，來完善軟件定義汽車的架構以及整合產業鏈中對於軟件定義汽車的要求。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"他認爲，軟件定義之所以重要，是因爲它會爲整個產業鏈帶來顯著的益處。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"對車廠及一級供應商來說，軟件開發的成本會大幅降低，同時，通過售後不斷地推出創新的服務，可以爲車廠創造新的營收來源。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"報告顯示，軟件定義的實現可爲車廠創造每臺車多達2600-7500美元的額外利潤。對IC設計及軟件供應商而言，他們可以更好地實現產品的差異化，同時軟件定義也會讓更多的雲端應用開發者加入汽車創新的行列。消費者也會更滿意定製化的汽車功能及使用體驗。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"鄧志偉表示，軟件定義汽車必須要實現的需求有以下幾個："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"首先，軟件必須要具備可移植性，也就是說一個軟件要能夠在不同的硬件當中執行；"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第二，軟件必須以雲端的技術來開發構建和升級，讓整個軟件的開發和維護成本降到最低；"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第三，由於汽車產業裏的一些特殊的要求，軟件定義汽車的軟件必須能夠處理實時性、功能安全及保密的要求。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最後，軟件必須要符合開放式的架構，因爲開放式的標準才能創造更大的生態系統，讓所有人都能參與其中。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"SOAFEE： 縮短關鍵的開發時間"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"基於軟件定義汽車的目標，ARM提出的軟件架構包含三個部分："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第一，是SOAFEE — Scalable Open Architecture for Embedded Edge，面向嵌入式邊緣的可擴展開放架構，它是一套新的軟件架構和開源參考實現，既可滿足汽車的實時和安全需求，又能充分利用基於雲原生開發的優勢。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第二，是一個能夠執行SOAFEE，以及開發各式功能及服務的硬件參考平臺。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第三，ARM成立了一個產業合作的組織來持續完善SOAFEE的設計。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.arm.com\/solutions\/automotive\/software-defined-vehicles","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"SOAFEE"}]},{"type":"text","text":"是汽車製造商、系統集成商、半導體、軟件和雲技術廠商等企業合作的結晶，它爲軟件定義汽車開發了基於開放標準的新架構。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"據介紹，SOAFEE包括兩個部分：它是一個軟件架構，該架構將通過擴增既有的雲端技術，來實現汽車產業對於實時性及功能安全的特殊要求。它也是一個開源的參考實現，SOAFEE是以Arm Project Cassini中的SystemReady 開放標準爲基礎，來實現底層硬件的抽象化。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"由上述企業組成的專家小組還爲 SOAFEE "},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"定義了參考實現，並將其作爲免費的開源軟件，實現廣泛原型設計、工作負載探索和早期開發"},{"type":"text","text":"。Arm 與商用解決方案供應商攜手合作，以最大限度地提高兼容性，併爲功能安全設計提供更快的途徑。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Arm 的 "},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.arm.com\/solutions\/infrastructure\/edge-computing\/project-cassini","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Cassini "}]},{"type":"text","text":"和 "},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/developer.arm.com\/architectures\/system-architectures\/arm-systemready","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"SystemReady"}]},{"type":"text","text":" 項目在邊緣計算方面實現了標準化的雲原生體驗，SOAFEE立足於這個基礎，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"在汽車產業首度引入雲概念"},{"type":"text","text":"，例如具有汽車功能安全和實時性的容器編排。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"目前，SOAFEE 的產品資料和參考實現的初始版本已經"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/gitlab.arm.com\/soafee","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"開放下載"}]},{"type":"text","text":"，該版本包含了啓動雲原生的所有基本模塊。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"產業的快速發展需要汽車新應用的開發也儘可能快速和無縫，SOAFEE 的即時可用性使雲開發者能夠利用他們的專業知識，爲基於 Arm 技術構建的移動出行的未來助力。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"具體來說，SOAFEE是如何以雲原生的概念爲基礎來滿足軟件定義汽車的需求的呢？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"鄧志偉介紹，首先SOAFEE 以SystemReady 的開放標準來統一硬件及固件與系統軟件的接口達到第一層的抽像化。同時，SOAFEE以管理程序 (hypervisor) 來管理不同操作系統之間共享資源的問題，同時以container run time 及 HAL（硬件抽像層，Hardware Abstraction Layer） 作爲另一個層級的抽像化。在雲端，SOAFEE不只會去構建相同的軟件環境，同時也會構建虛擬的硬件環境 Virtual ECU ，以確保雲端與終端間的一致性。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"鄧志偉在接受InfoQ等媒體採訪時表示，市面上有非常多的雲端的技術，但在跟車廠和一級供應商的實踐中，直接從數據中心或者從服務器來的雲技術沒辦法直接應用在汽車產業中，其中最關鍵的是功能安全（functional safety）以及實時性（real time）的要求，過去在業界當中存在的雲原生的技術，都沒有把功能安全以及實時性的需求考慮進去。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"所以SOAFEE的一個最大貢獻是將編排器 (orchestrator) 改進成爲能夠處理功能安全及實時需求的軟件模塊。也就是說，讓整個雲端的雲原生技術的元素能夠加上功能安全以及實時性的特性。這對於汽車產業來講，尤其是車廠來講非常重要。“Arm所提出來的SOAFEE整個雲端技術加上汽車產業的特殊需求來實現。目前在整個業界，在市場上沒有一家其他的完整的雲端平臺能滿足這樣的需求。所以SOAFEE是第一個針對汽車產業，實現真正把雲端技術導入到汽車產業，滿足汽車產業的架構”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"AWS全球汽車業務開發總監Bill Foy表示：“"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"科技的躍升正在促進汽車電子與軟件架構需求的轉型，也正在驅動整個行業邁入以軟件爲中心的未來"},{"type":"text","text":"。AWS和ARM合作，通過一個面向服務的架構，解決複雜的挑戰，讓軟件定義汽車的願景得以實現。憑藉我們與Arm的合作以及基於Arm架構的AWS Graviton2雲實例，給客戶帶來了顯著的成本節約效果，並使其應用在雲和汽車邊緣設備上都能無縫運行在相同的架構，簡化了開發者的開發流程。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"縮短開發時間不僅對軟件的開發，也對整個汽車的供應鏈都有非常大的影響。傳統的整個開發流程大約需要三到四年，且最大的問題是，IC的性能可能無法跟上應用及服務的需求，因爲IC的規格是三到四年前訂的。而ARM提出的解決方式是，在 IC 規格定案之前，通過 SOAFEE及硬件開發平臺，來決定應用及服務的計算需求，如此一來，不止可以降低規格不合的風險，也可以縮短整個開發時程。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"ARM與汽車供應鏈中衆多產業合作共建SOAFEE"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"軟件定義汽車的願景必須靠產業的密切合作才能達成。因此，ARM和車廠、一級供應商、硬件及軟件生態系統夥伴等發起了SOAFEE專家小組，共同爲打造軟件定義汽車的未來貢獻力量。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Arm 與 ADLink（凌華科技） 合作，在兼容 SystemReady 的新開發平臺上提供了出色的性能，幫助加快產品上市，新的開發平臺是由基於Arm Neoverse的Ampere Altra內核驅動，能讓開發者通過使用SOAFEE 參考軟件棧，針對智能座艙、ADAS、動力系統和自動駕駛等應用，在基於Arm架構的芯片上實現工作負載的探索和開發。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"該平臺是由一套開發者工作站和堅固耐用的車載產品組成，現已"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.adlinktech.com\/Products\/Computer_on_Modules\/COM-HPC\/COM-HPC_Altra?Lang=en","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"開放預訂"}]},{"type":"text","text":"，並預計將於 2021 年第 4 季度上市。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"AVA 開發者平臺是一款高性能、32 核可擴展的計算系統，針對實驗室開發而構建，能夠運行自主工作負載。它讓開發者能夠充分利用加速器硬件，爲高性能 CPU 提供補充。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在車載原型設計和測試方面，高性能的AVA-AP1搭載80 核配置，提供更高的 CPU 性能和額外的 IO 功能，幷包括一個安全處理器，可使用真實傳感器實現車載執行。"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"凌華科技全球合夥夥伴區域首席技術官 Joe Speed 表示：“汽車製造商要想加速驅動軟件定義的未來，離不開能夠探索未來汽車計算平臺的開發平臺。我們與 Arm 在 SOAFEE 參考硬件平臺上的合作，建立在能夠提供必不可少的關鍵性和安全性的基於 Arm架構的高性能芯片上。我們對不再受限 於32 和 80 核心硬件平臺的汽車創新潛力感到興奮”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"軟件定義的功能正在許多行業中成爲趨勢，整合 SOAFEE 和新開發平臺的解決方案也能適合於其他的應用市場，包括面向醫療、製造、物流等領域的機器人。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在汽車領域，軟件定義的功能將提供安全的、新的車載體驗和功能，以滿足消費者的需求和預期，更重要的是，它將爲汽車製造商、一級供應商、軟件廠商、雲服務提供商開啓新的收入來源。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"除了AWS、ADLink、Ampere 與CARIAD外，這項計劃還獲得了整個供應鏈中其他企業的支持，包括無人駕駛汽車軟件公司Apex.AI、汽車配件製造商Continental、汽車安全軟件企業Green Hills Software、ARM開源軟件平臺Linaro、半導體廠商Marvell、MIH聯盟（電動車開放平臺聯盟）、紅帽、企業級開源解決方案提供者SUSE、豐田自動駕駛部門Woven Planet、Zing Robotics等。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"其中，Continental正在與Arm在SOAFEE和參考硬件生態系統計劃方面展開合作，在汽車領域採用並推廣雲原生軟件工程和技術；Linaro將和ARM合作，爲首批SOAFEE的參考實現提供基礎技術；Arm和Marvell及其生態系統合作提供了一個開放標準的通用架構，提供能夠開發可擴展、靈活的從汽車到雲的服務和解決方案； MIH 聯盟和ARM合作制定參考設計和標準，以降低電動汽車市場進入門檻；紅帽車載操作系統將幫助SOAFEE將基於Linux的開源和雲原生方法應用到汽車應用中；SUSE將利用其在操作系統和容器管理方面的專長幫助SOAFEE項目；Zing Robotics與Arm合作開展SOAFEE軟件和參考硬件解決方案等。"}]}]}
Arm推出開源軟件架構SOAFEE，硬件不再爲王，軟件正在定義汽車產業的未來
{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"作爲一傢俱有硬件基因的公司，ARM爲何推出面向汽車產業的軟件架構？"}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Arm進入汽車領域，推出面向嵌入式邊緣的可擴展開放架構SOAFEE"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"InfoQ獲悉，9月16日，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Arm 宣佈通過與多家汽車供應鏈企業合作，推出新的軟件架構和參考實現 — 面向嵌入式邊緣的可擴展開放架構 — SOAFEE（Scalable Open Architecture for Embedded Edge），以及兩款新的參考硬件平臺，目標用軟件定義汽車產業的未來。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"隨着汽車產業架構和功能的演進，汽車開發者致力於提供先進駕駛輔助系統（ADAS）、車載信息娛樂系統（IVI）、電氣化動力系統和自動駕駛等功能，也因此正面臨着代碼日益複雜的挑戰。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"爲了滿足這些不斷演進的消費者需求，計算必須變得更加集中化。而軟件對實現這個目標至關重要。由此產生的軟件開發、部署和管理方式的變化意味着雲原生開發，這一有效推動雲基礎設施產業降低成本、時間和複雜性的開發方式，比以往任何時候都更適用於汽車開發。隨着實現這些功能的軟件越來越複雜，軟件開發和維護的成本會變得非常高，利用雲原生技術改進軟件的開發、構建、管理、更新的效率越來越重要。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"然而，爲了快速無縫地滿足當今軟件定義汽車的需求，一個標準化的框架必不可少，該框架能夠增強經過驗證的雲原生技術，這些技術可以與汽車應用中必需的"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"實時和安全"},{"type":"text","text":"功能一起大規模協作。此外，這個框架也能讓其他實時和安全關鍵型的應用受益，例如機器人和工業自動化。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Arm 汽車和物聯網事業部副總裁 Chet Babla 表示，“"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"汽車產業正處於一個關鍵拐點，整個供應鏈，從 IP 設計商到汽車製造商，都在進行重新驗證和定義。"},{"type":"text","text":" Arm 及其生態系統希望幫助汽車產業加快實現軟件定義未來的願景。 Arm針對汽車應用的"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"安全和實時"},{"type":"text","text":"需求，設計和提供了標準、軟件和開發者資源以及專用的處理平臺。”"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"用軟件定義汽車"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"汽車產業的形勢正在發生改變。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"過去汽車製造商並不會把軟件定義爲一輛汽車的核心，而是以硬件爲主。因爲消費者對功能要求越來越多令軟件變得越來越複雜，而且越來越重要。不過，這並不意味着硬件不重要了，只是相對過去來講，軟件的重要性和價值在提高。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“在汽車產業鏈，車廠、以及一級供應商等都認識到，隨着汽車硬件和軟件越來越複雜，越來越先進，他們必須掌握更多的軟件和硬件技術才能滿足市場需求。因此，他們也開始在軟件開發方面不斷投入，甚至去主導IC的設計，這些改變在過去是很難想象的。如果能夠有一個統一的軟件定義汽車平臺作爲基礎，讓大家在這個統一的平臺上去進行差異化的功能和服務的開發，將會使所有產業鏈中的企業和用戶受益。這就是爲什麼Arm要發佈軟件架構，從根本上是爲了順應和滿足產業的發展”，Arm 汽車和物聯網事業部亞太區合作伙伴關係高級總監鄧志偉如是解釋ARM，這樣一傢俱有硬件基因的公司爲什麼會面向汽車產業推出軟件架構。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/7b\/7b47d5e12935fdc0769a5ae630638273.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":"center","origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"size","attrs":{"size":10}}],"text":"鄧志偉"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"那麼Arm理解的“軟件定義”是什麼意思（Software-Defined）？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"鄧志偉解釋，簡單來說，軟件定義，就是由軟件啓動和控制一個特定的功能，但不只如此，一個完整的軟件定義還必須包含對底層硬件的抽象化，從而實現同樣的軟件在不同的硬件上都能順暢運行。另外，軟件定義還必須要具備不斷升級和更新的能力，而且，它必須是以雲端技術作爲開發和構建的基礎。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"從技術的角度來看，軟件定義的內涵是，一個功能及服務會在雲端的環境中開發、測試及驗證，這些工作需要藉助很多雲端技術來完成，Hardware Models 用來模擬硬件的環境，container\/virtualization提供獨立的軟件執行環境及虛擬化，CI\/CD（Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery持續集成 \/ 持續交付)負責管理應用及服務的更新，編排器（Orchestrator）負責配置適當的軟硬件資源給每一個容器 (container)。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"當這個功能及服務被放到車中執行時，底層的硬件必須提供好的擴充能力以應付各式計算處理的需求，同時要能在一定的功耗下達到最佳的運作性能，也必須提供處理實時性、功能安全及保密的技術。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"鄧志偉表示，Arm所提供的技術完全能滿足上述要求，因此Arm能夠由終端的IP技術出發，來完善軟件定義汽車的架構以及整合產業鏈中對於軟件定義汽車的要求。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"他認爲，軟件定義之所以重要，是因爲它會爲整個產業鏈帶來顯著的益處。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"對車廠及一級供應商來說，軟件開發的成本會大幅降低，同時，通過售後不斷地推出創新的服務，可以爲車廠創造新的營收來源。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"報告顯示，軟件定義的實現可爲車廠創造每臺車多達2600-7500美元的額外利潤。對IC設計及軟件供應商而言，他們可以更好地實現產品的差異化，同時軟件定義也會讓更多的雲端應用開發者加入汽車創新的行列。消費者也會更滿意定製化的汽車功能及使用體驗。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"鄧志偉表示，軟件定義汽車必須要實現的需求有以下幾個："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"首先，軟件必須要具備可移植性，也就是說一個軟件要能夠在不同的硬件當中執行；"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第二，軟件必須以雲端的技術來開發構建和升級，讓整個軟件的開發和維護成本降到最低；"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第三，由於汽車產業裏的一些特殊的要求，軟件定義汽車的軟件必須能夠處理實時性、功能安全及保密的要求。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最後，軟件必須要符合開放式的架構，因爲開放式的標準才能創造更大的生態系統，讓所有人都能參與其中。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"SOAFEE： 縮短關鍵的開發時間"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"基於軟件定義汽車的目標，ARM提出的軟件架構包含三個部分："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第一，是SOAFEE — Scalable Open Architecture for Embedded Edge，面向嵌入式邊緣的可擴展開放架構，它是一套新的軟件架構和開源參考實現，既可滿足汽車的實時和安全需求，又能充分利用基於雲原生開發的優勢。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第二，是一個能夠執行SOAFEE，以及開發各式功能及服務的硬件參考平臺。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第三，ARM成立了一個產業合作的組織來持續完善SOAFEE的設計。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.arm.com\/solutions\/automotive\/software-defined-vehicles","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"SOAFEE"}]},{"type":"text","text":"是汽車製造商、系統集成商、半導體、軟件和雲技術廠商等企業合作的結晶，它爲軟件定義汽車開發了基於開放標準的新架構。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"據介紹，SOAFEE包括兩個部分：它是一個軟件架構，該架構將通過擴增既有的雲端技術，來實現汽車產業對於實時性及功能安全的特殊要求。它也是一個開源的參考實現，SOAFEE是以Arm Project Cassini中的SystemReady 開放標準爲基礎，來實現底層硬件的抽象化。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"由上述企業組成的專家小組還爲 SOAFEE "},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"定義了參考實現，並將其作爲免費的開源軟件，實現廣泛原型設計、工作負載探索和早期開發"},{"type":"text","text":"。Arm 與商用解決方案供應商攜手合作，以最大限度地提高兼容性，併爲功能安全設計提供更快的途徑。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Arm 的 "},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.arm.com\/solutions\/infrastructure\/edge-computing\/project-cassini","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Cassini "}]},{"type":"text","text":"和 "},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/developer.arm.com\/architectures\/system-architectures\/arm-systemready","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"SystemReady"}]},{"type":"text","text":" 項目在邊緣計算方面實現了標準化的雲原生體驗，SOAFEE立足於這個基礎，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"在汽車產業首度引入雲概念"},{"type":"text","text":"，例如具有汽車功能安全和實時性的容器編排。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"目前，SOAFEE 的產品資料和參考實現的初始版本已經"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/gitlab.arm.com\/soafee","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"開放下載"}]},{"type":"text","text":"，該版本包含了啓動雲原生的所有基本模塊。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"產業的快速發展需要汽車新應用的開發也儘可能快速和無縫，SOAFEE 的即時可用性使雲開發者能夠利用他們的專業知識，爲基於 Arm 技術構建的移動出行的未來助力。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"具體來說，SOAFEE是如何以雲原生的概念爲基礎來滿足軟件定義汽車的需求的呢？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"鄧志偉介紹，首先SOAFEE 以SystemReady 的開放標準來統一硬件及固件與系統軟件的接口達到第一層的抽像化。同時，SOAFEE以管理程序 (hypervisor) 來管理不同操作系統之間共享資源的問題，同時以container run time 及 HAL（硬件抽像層，Hardware Abstraction Layer） 作爲另一個層級的抽像化。在雲端，SOAFEE不只會去構建相同的軟件環境，同時也會構建虛擬的硬件環境 Virtual ECU ，以確保雲端與終端間的一致性。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"鄧志偉在接受InfoQ等媒體採訪時表示，市面上有非常多的雲端的技術，但在跟車廠和一級供應商的實踐中，直接從數據中心或者從服務器來的雲技術沒辦法直接應用在汽車產業中，其中最關鍵的是功能安全（functional safety）以及實時性（real time）的要求，過去在業界當中存在的雲原生的技術，都沒有把功能安全以及實時性的需求考慮進去。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"所以SOAFEE的一個最大貢獻是將編排器 (orchestrator) 改進成爲能夠處理功能安全及實時需求的軟件模塊。也就是說，讓整個雲端的雲原生技術的元素能夠加上功能安全以及實時性的特性。這對於汽車產業來講，尤其是車廠來講非常重要。“Arm所提出來的SOAFEE整個雲端技術加上汽車產業的特殊需求來實現。目前在整個業界，在市場上沒有一家其他的完整的雲端平臺能滿足這樣的需求。所以SOAFEE是第一個針對汽車產業，實現真正把雲端技術導入到汽車產業，滿足汽車產業的架構”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"AWS全球汽車業務開發總監Bill Foy表示：“"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"科技的躍升正在促進汽車電子與軟件架構需求的轉型，也正在驅動整個行業邁入以軟件爲中心的未來"},{"type":"text","text":"。AWS和ARM合作，通過一個面向服務的架構，解決複雜的挑戰，讓軟件定義汽車的願景得以實現。憑藉我們與Arm的合作以及基於Arm架構的AWS Graviton2雲實例，給客戶帶來了顯著的成本節約效果，並使其應用在雲和汽車邊緣設備上都能無縫運行在相同的架構，簡化了開發者的開發流程。”"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"縮短開發時間不僅對軟件的開發，也對整個汽車的供應鏈都有非常大的影響。傳統的整個開發流程大約需要三到四年，且最大的問題是，IC的性能可能無法跟上應用及服務的需求，因爲IC的規格是三到四年前訂的。而ARM提出的解決方式是，在 IC 規格定案之前，通過 SOAFEE及硬件開發平臺，來決定應用及服務的計算需求，如此一來，不止可以降低規格不合的風險，也可以縮短整個開發時程。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"ARM與汽車供應鏈中衆多產業合作共建SOAFEE"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"軟件定義汽車的願景必須靠產業的密切合作才能達成。因此，ARM和車廠、一級供應商、硬件及軟件生態系統夥伴等發起了SOAFEE專家小組，共同爲打造軟件定義汽車的未來貢獻力量。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Arm 與 ADLink（凌華科技） 合作，在兼容 SystemReady 的新開發平臺上提供了出色的性能，幫助加快產品上市，新的開發平臺是由基於Arm Neoverse的Ampere Altra內核驅動，能讓開發者通過使用SOAFEE 參考軟件棧，針對智能座艙、ADAS、動力系統和自動駕駛等應用，在基於Arm架構的芯片上實現工作負載的探索和開發。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"該平臺是由一套開發者工作站和堅固耐用的車載產品組成，現已"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.adlinktech.com\/Products\/Computer_on_Modules\/COM-HPC\/COM-HPC_Altra?Lang=en","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"開放預訂"}]},{"type":"text","text":"，並預計將於 2021 年第 4 季度上市。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"AVA 開發者平臺是一款高性能、32 核可擴展的計算系統，針對實驗室開發而構建，能夠運行自主工作負載。它讓開發者能夠充分利用加速器硬件，爲高性能 CPU 提供補充。"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在車載原型設計和測試方面，高性能的AVA-AP1搭載80 核配置，提供更高的 CPU 性能和額外的 IO 功能，幷包括一個安全處理器，可使用真實傳感器實現車載執行。"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"凌華科技全球合夥夥伴區域首席技術官 Joe Speed 表示：“汽車製造商要想加速驅動軟件定義的未來，離不開能夠探索未來汽車計算平臺的開發平臺。我們與 Arm 在 SOAFEE 參考硬件平臺上的合作，建立在能夠提供必不可少的關鍵性和安全性的基於 Arm架構的高性能芯片上。我們對不再受限 於32 和 80 核心硬件平臺的汽車創新潛力感到興奮”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"軟件定義的功能正在許多行業中成爲趨勢，整合 SOAFEE 和新開發平臺的解決方案也能適合於其他的應用市場，包括面向醫療、製造、物流等領域的機器人。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在汽車領域，軟件定義的功能將提供安全的、新的車載體驗和功能，以滿足消費者的需求和預期，更重要的是，它將爲汽車製造商、一級供應商、軟件廠商、雲服務提供商開啓新的收入來源。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"除了AWS、ADLink、Ampere 與CARIAD外，這項計劃還獲得了整個供應鏈中其他企業的支持，包括無人駕駛汽車軟件公司Apex.AI、汽車配件製造商Continental、汽車安全軟件企業Green Hills Software、ARM開源軟件平臺Linaro、半導體廠商Marvell、MIH聯盟（電動車開放平臺聯盟）、紅帽、企業級開源解決方案提供者SUSE、豐田自動駕駛部門Woven Planet、Zing Robotics等。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"其中，Continental正在與Arm在SOAFEE和參考硬件生態系統計劃方面展開合作，在汽車領域採用並推廣雲原生軟件工程和技術；Linaro將和ARM合作，爲首批SOAFEE的參考實現提供基礎技術；Arm和Marvell及其生態系統合作提供了一個開放標準的通用架構，提供能夠開發可擴展、靈活的從汽車到雲的服務和解決方案； MIH 聯盟和ARM合作制定參考設計和標準，以降低電動汽車市場進入門檻；紅帽車載操作系統將幫助SOAFEE將基於Linux的開源和雲原生方法應用到汽車應用中；SUSE將利用其在操作系統和容器管理方面的專長幫助SOAFEE項目；Zing Robotics與Arm合作開展SOAFEE軟件和參考硬件解決方案等。"}]}]}
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