“問題孩子”Windows 11來了，WSL 成其最大亮點

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"10 月 5 日，微軟發佈 "},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/windows\/windows-11","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Windows 11"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"，只要是 Windows 10 電腦符合微軟官方公佈的硬件標準，開啓 Windows Update ，就能檢查是否已經收到更新檔。從目前體驗來看，Windows 11 還存在不少問題，但其中安裝和使用適用於 "},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.linux.org\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Linux"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" 的 Windows 子系統與之前的版本相比，變得更容易、更高效，成爲一個巨大的改進。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Windows 11 有哪些問題？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"日前，微軟宣佈了  Windows11 正式版已知的三個問題（未來可能會出現更多），首先我們一起來看看："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Oracle VirtualBox 兼容性問題"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"微軟表示 "},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.virtualbox.org\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"VirtualBox"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" 和 Windows 11 之間存在兼容性問題。升級到 Windows 11 後，如果已安裝 Hyper-V，則 VirtualBox 計算機將無法訪問。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"微軟已經應用了一個更新保護，來阻止使用 VirtualBox 的設備進行更新。微軟正在調查這些報告，很快就會發佈一個修復程序。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"用戶也可以選擇手動刪除 VirtualBox 或禁用 Hyper-V，可能需要 48 小時之後才能獲得升級。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Intel Killer 網卡問題"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"微軟意識到一些 Intel Killer 網卡存在 Windows 11 問題。在這些設備上安裝 Windows 11 可能會導致刪除 UDP，併爲基於 UDP 的協議造成性能問題的情況。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"對此，微軟"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#171717","name":"user"}}],"text":"正在制定解決方案"},{"type":"text","text":"該問題將在 10 月 12 日進行的下一次 10 月安全更新中修復。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"Cc Cc 瀏覽器兼容性問題"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"Windows 11 更新會造成越南瀏覽器 Cc Cc 瀏覽器崩潰，對此微軟建議使用該瀏覽器的用戶暫時不要更新升級。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"當然，在升級過程中，除了官方發佈的幾個問題之外，還有其它問題出現："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#333333","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"升級 Windows 11 之後還是 Windows 10 任務欄"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#333333","name":"user"}}],"text":"Windows 11 "},{"type":"text","text":"新的 UI 將任務欄進行了重新設計，使用了類似 "},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.apple.com\/macos\/big-sur\/","title":"xxx","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"macOS"}]},{"type":"text","text":" 的居中設計。但許多人安裝 Windows 11 後發生了 bug，居中的任務欄默認變成 Windows 10 的樣子，並且開始選單完全損壞不可使用。該 bug 現在還沒有解決方法，只能根據步驟重新安裝 Windows 11。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#333333","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"在 AMD 芯片上的性能不佳"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.amd.com\/en","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"AMD"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#333333","name":"user"}}],"text":" 和微軟已經確定，兼容的 AMD 處理器在運行 Windows11 時可能會在某些應用程序中出現性能下降的問題。 具體表現爲，在 AMD 處理器上安裝 Windows11 後，性能可能會下降多達 15%，影響的大小則取決於正在運行的應用程序，其中對遊戲的影響最爲嚴重。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#333333","name":"user"}}],"text":"還有一個問題是，UEFI CPPC2(“preferred core”)可能不會優先在處理器最快的內核上調度線程，此舉或將導致對一個或多個 CPU 線程性能敏感的應用出現性能下降問題。尤其是在超過65W TDP 的 8 核處理器中，性能影響更爲明顯。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#333333","name":"user"}}],"text":"AMD 和微軟正在“積極調查這些已知的問題，以便通過軟件更新加以解決”。兩家公司承諾，計劃在本月晚些時候進行 Windows 更新和軟件更新，試圖解決這些問題。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#333333","name":"user"}}],"text":"Windows 11 的亮點：WSL體驗改進"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#333333","name":"user"}}],"text":"Linux 的 Windows 子系統讓開發人員可以直接在 Windows 上運行 Linux 環境（包括大多數命令行工具，實用程序和應用程序），而無需建立在虛擬機的開銷之上。目前 Linux 的 Windows子系統已經相當完善，可當作完整 Linux 系統使用。在此次 Windows 11 中， Linux 的 Windows 子系統在體驗方面有許多改進，包括簡化安裝、對 Linux 圖形應用程序的支持等。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"簡化安裝"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#333333","name":"user"}}],"text":"過去，首先需要通過“Windows 功能”界面啓用 WSL 1，啓用虛擬化平臺，並下載內核更新以切換到 WSL 2。從新版本開始，微軟正在實施兩個新命令，wsl --install 和 wsl --update 以更快地安裝和更新系統。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#333333","name":"user"}}],"text":"wsl --install命令將配置虛擬機平臺，安裝 WSL 組件，下載適用於 Linux 內核的 Windows 子系統，設置 Linux GUI 應用程序支持，並默認安裝 Ubuntu。運行該命令後，唯一的額外步驟是重新啓動計算機以應用配置。而 wsl --update 命令可以檢查和安裝適用於該平臺的任何更新 。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#333333","name":"user"}}],"text":"WSL 現在支持圖形和聲音"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#101010","name":"user"}}],"text":"此更新中最重要的改進之一是對 Linux GUI 應用程序的支持。這意味着用戶可以安裝圖形應用程序並將它們與 Windows 11 應用程序一起運行。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#101010","name":"user"}}],"text":"該支持還附帶 GPU 加速的 3D 圖形以及麥克風和揚聲器，如果用戶安裝媒體應用程序，這些組件將可用於應用程序。運行應用程序時，系統呈現的視覺效果就像安裝在 Linux 上一樣，例如，應用程序框架、菜單、按鈕等與 Linux 的圖形界面相同。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"GPU計算"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#101010","name":"user"}}],"text":"WSL 解決方案現在還帶有 GPU 計算，這是一項新功能，使 Linux 二進制文件能夠利用 GPU 執行機器學習 (ML) 開發和數據科學工作流。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#101010","name":"user"}}],"text":"小結"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#101010","name":"user"}}],"text":"總的來說，Windows 11 系統與各時期硬件以及各版本軟件應用的磨合都是需要時間與補丁的補救。如果您的電腦是重要生產力工具，再或者是爲某些專屬遊戲而生，那此時不建議立馬進行升級。但不得不說本次 Windows 11 也帶來了亮眼功能，比如 Linux 的 Windows 子系統在體驗方面的改進就可圈可點。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#333333","name":"user"}}],"text":"參考鏈接："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/docs.microsoft.com\/en-us\/windows\/release-health\/status-windows-11-21H2","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/docs.microsoft.com\/en-us\/windows\/release-health\/status-windows-11-21H2"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.theregister.com\/2021\/10\/07\/windows_11_amd\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/www.theregister.com\/2021\/10\/07\/windows_11_amd\/"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.windowscentral.com\/whats-new-windows-subsystem-linux-windows-11","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/www.windowscentral.com\/whats-new-windows-subsystem-linux-windows-11"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]}]}]}