中國超算應用團隊獲得超算領域諾貝爾獎,打破谷歌所謂量子霸權

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"size","attrs":{"size":10}}],"text":"整理 | 劉燕"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"中國超算應用團隊打破谷歌量子霸權。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"北京時間11月19日凌晨,全球超級計算大會(SC21)在美國密蘇里州聖路易斯舉行,會上,國際計算機協會(ACM)將2021年度“戈登貝爾獎”授予中國超算應用團隊,之江實驗室聯合清華大學、國家超級計算無錫中心、上海量子科學研究中心等單位研發的神威量子模擬器摘得獎項。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"獲獎團隊共包含 14 位研究者,他們是:來自之江實驗室及國家超級計算無錫中心的劉勇、劉鑫、李芳、楊雨靈、宋佳偉、趙朋朋、王臻、彭達佳、陳華蓉,清華大學及國家超級計算無錫中心副主任付昊桓、陳德訓,國家超級計算無錫中心的吳汶釗,上海量子科學研究中心的黃合良、郭楚。值得一提的是,付昊桓已經是第三次摘得戈登 · 貝爾獎,他曾於 2016 年和 2017 年蟬聯這一超算領域最高獎項。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"“戈登貝爾獎”設立於1987年,是國際上高性能計算應用領域的最高學術獎項,被稱爲“超算領域的諾貝爾獎”。2016年,中國超算應用首次獲得“戈登貝爾獎”,此後又先後於2017年、2020年獲得該現獎項。今年我國共有3項超算應用入圍戈登貝爾獎,除獲獎團隊應用外,另外兩項應用分別是“千萬核可擴展第一性原理位曼光譜模擬”和“多架構大規模並行保辛結構電磁全動理學等離子體模擬”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"據悉,之江實驗室智能超算研究中心劉鑫研究員團隊,聯合清華大學、國家超級計算無錫中心、上海量子科學研究中心等單位,基於新一代神威超級計算機,研發量子計算模擬器SWQSIM,提出近似最優的張量網絡並行切分和收縮方法及混合精度算法,可高效擴展至數千萬核並行規模,並提供每秒4.4百億億次的持續計算性能,是超算領域全世界目前已知的最高混合精度浮點計算性能。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.infoq.cn\/resource\/image\/d8\/ae\/d80567fcf022798ef465026e0a33aeae.jpg","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"獲獎論文論文《 Closing the “Quantum Supremacy” Gap: Achieving Real-Time Simulation of a Random Quantum Circuit Using a New Sunway Supercomputer 》"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"論文地址:"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3458817.3487399","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3458817.3487399"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"SWQSIM 項目地址:"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/github.com\/Daisyforest\/SWQsim","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/github.com\/Daisyforest\/SWQsim"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"隨着谷歌“懸鈴木”、中科大“九章”等一系列集成50~70餘量子比特計算系統的成功研發,量子計算機在隨機電路採樣、玻色採樣等特定問題上,相對日本“富嶽”、美國“頂點”等排名世界前列的超級計算機呈現出上百萬倍的性能優勢。量子計算,既對傳統超算提出了性能上的新挑戰,也提供了算法和思想上的新借鑑;而傳統超算的模擬能力,也爲目前高噪聲量子芯片的研發提供了可靠的驗證,呈現出兩者相輔相成、共同發展的良好態勢。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"團隊負責人劉鑫介紹,與“懸鈴木”200秒完成百萬0.2%保真度採樣任務相比較,“頂點”需要一萬年完成同等複雜度的模擬,SWQSIM則可在304秒以內得到百萬更高保真度的關聯樣本,在一星期內得到同樣數量的無關聯樣本,打破其所宣稱的“量子霸權”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"“量子霸權”是一個術語,用於表示量子計算設備可以在合理的時間內解決一些經典計算機無法解決的問題。目前,谷歌公司和中國科技大學的團隊等都聲稱已經開發出實現“量子霸權”的設備。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"劉鑫介紹,該軟件還可在60小時內完成比“懸鈴木”更加複雜的1000多倍的量子電路模擬,實現100~400比特量子電路算法的單振幅和多振幅模擬,爲未來量子計算的發展提供了堅實的模擬支撐。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"“"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"可以肯定地回答,谷歌提出的隨機量子電路採樣任務所謂的‘量子霸權’並不成立"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":",我們的工作表明瞭這一點:經典超級計算機也可以做到。”劉鑫說。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"在團隊獲得戈登貝爾獎的工作中,研究人員引入了一個系統的設計過程,涵蓋了模擬所需的算法、並行化和系統架構。使用新一代神威超級計算機,研究團隊有效模擬了一個深度爲10x10 (1+40+1)隨機量子電路。在模擬中,研究團隊使用4190萬核處理器實現了計算機1.2Eflops單精度或4.4Eflops混合精度性能。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"參考鏈接:"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/baijiahao.baidu.com\/s?id=1716817965554598165&wfr=spider&for=pc","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/baijiahao.baidu.com\/s?id=1716817965554598165&wfr=spider&for=pc"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s\/yY7WKJ7ftIW-sC3Juv_oDw","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s\/yY7WKJ7ftIW-sC3Juv_oDw"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]}]}]}
發表評論
所有評論
還沒有人評論,想成為第一個評論的人麼? 請在上方評論欄輸入並且點擊發布.
相關文章