{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"作者：JackTian","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"來源：公衆號「傑哥的IT之旅」","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"ID：Jake_Internet","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"轉載請聯繫授權（微信ID：Hc220088）","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"原文地址：","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/p9WlxEBfFj0h7IQIOa9Xqw","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/p9WlxEBfFj0h7IQIOa9Xqw","attrs":{}}]}]}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"大家好，我是傑哥。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在 Linux 操作系統下，我們經常使用 cat 命令去連接多個文件並打印到標準輸出，合成幾個文件爲一個目標文件，追加幾個文件到目標文件中。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最近我在 GitHub 上發現了一個具有相似作用的命令叫做 “","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"Bat","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"”，它是 cat 命令的替代品，具有一些例如","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"語法高亮","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"、 ","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"Git 集成","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"和","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"自動分頁","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"等非常酷的特性。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在這篇文章中，就來給大家介紹下如何在 Linux 中安裝和使用 bat 命令。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一、bat","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"安裝 bat","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Arch Linux","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat 可以在 Arch Linux 操作系統的默認軟件源中進行獲取，可直接使用 pacman 命令在任何基於 Arch 的系統上來安裝它。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":"text"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"pacman -S bat","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Fedora","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":"text"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"dnf install bat","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"macOS","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"brew install bat","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Ubuntu 21.10","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我是通過 Ubuntu 環境下安裝的 bat，從 bat 的發佈頁面下載","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":".deb","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"文件，可執行如下命令進行下載和安裝。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":"text"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"sudo apt-get install wget\nwget https://github.com/sharkdp/bat/releases/tag/v0.18.3/bat_0.18.3_amd64.deb\nsudo dpkg -i bat_0.18.3_amd64.deb","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"對於其他系統，也許需要從軟件源編譯並安裝，或參考 GitHub 上 bat 的其他操作系統安裝方式。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat 命令的使用","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat 命令的使用與 cat 命令的使用非常相似。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"使用 bat 命令創建一個新文件：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat > jiaoben1.sh","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"使用 bat 命令查看文件內容:","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat jiaoben1.sh","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"使用 bat 命令同時查看多個文件：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat jiaoben1.sh jiaoben2.sh","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"使用 bat 命令將多個文件的內容合併到一個單獨的文件中：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat jiaoben1.sh jiaoben2.sh > test.txt","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"上述介紹了 bat 創建新文件、查看文件內容、將多個文件的內容合併到一個單獨的文件中的方式。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"接下來，我們就來看一下 bat 命令一些非常酷的特性。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat 命令支持大多數編程和標記語言的語法高亮，那麼我們就來使用 cat 和 bat 命令展示下 jiaoben1.sh 裏面的內容做個鮮明的對比。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/c0/c09b2479b8cb4e22a8049644aed2e885.gif","alt":"圖片","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"可以看出，cat 命令以純文本格式顯示文件的內容，而 bat 命令顯示了語法高亮和整齊的文本對齊格式。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"從上面 bat 命令的輸出，可以看出是有表格線的，如果你只想顯示行號（而沒有表格）可以使用","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"-n","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"參數來實現，雖然 cat 執行也會顯示行號，但還是沒有 bat 執行輸出後的效果美觀。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":"text"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat -n jiaoben2.sh","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/0f/0f87a007ded1c2b15457e73b720ab31b.gif","alt":"圖片","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat 命令支持 Git 集成，可以輕鬆查看和編輯 Git 存儲庫中的文件，bat 與 Git 連接可顯示關於索引的修改。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/a0/a0b3679df51ebf393d1073c839392d5d.webp","alt":"圖片","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat 支持自動分頁，這點特性也是需要值得注意的。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"支持分頁意思也就是說，當文件的輸出內容超出屏幕顯示的時候，bat 命令會自動將自己輸出的內容傳到 less 命令中，你將可以使用回車鍵一頁一頁的查看輸出內容，使用空格鍵可直接跳轉至文末最後一行。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"當你使用 bat 命令時這些都是不必要的，bat 命令將自動傳輸跨越多個頁面的文件的輸出。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat jiaoben3.sh","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/c7/c797db5fc451b18158096e2268610a63.gif","alt":"圖片","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"對比下 cat 命令，查看 jiaoben3.sh 跨多個頁面文件內容時，提示符會直接跳到文件的最後一頁，將無法看到跨多個頁面文件開頭及中間部分的內容。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"cat jiaoben3.sh","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/dc/dc57b7c0be968bf78f057a19ac5545c2.gif","alt":"圖片","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如果你想要通過 cat 來實現 bat 命令的效果，則需要去使用 cat 的輸出傳輸到 less 命令中去，這樣就可以從開頭部分一頁一頁的查看內容了。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"cat jiaoben3.sh | less","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/0d/0d2e110d8921443c0a1869f092eb5cca.gif","alt":"圖片","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"同樣，這種方式也是可以使用回車鍵一頁一頁的查看輸出內容以及使用空格鍵可直接跳轉至文末最後一行。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat 定製主題","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"目前 bat 定製主題有 24 種，包括：Coldark-Cold、GitHub、Monokai Extended Light、OneHalfDark、Solarized (light)、TwoDark、Visual Studio Dark+、base16、zenburn 等；","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如果你不喜歡默認主題，也是可以根據自己的風格進行修改，只需執行：","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat --list-themes","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"命令，即可顯示可用的主題。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":"text"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"# bat --list-themes\nTheme: 1337\n\n // Output the square of a number.\n fn print_square(num: f64) {\n let result = f64::powf(num, 2.0);\n println!(\"The square of {:.2} is {:.2}.\", num, result);\n }\n\n......","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"例如你要選擇","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"Dracula","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"主題，可直接執行：","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat --theme=Dracula 文件名","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/40/4060de17c2f2ecd8ffa2b8989d85988f.webp","alt":"圖片","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如果你想永久改變某一個主題，可使用","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"export BAT_THEME=\"Dracula\"","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"在你的 shell 啓動文件，以使更改爲永久。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"您可以使用","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"--style","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"參數選項來控制","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"輸出的外觀，配置元素包括：","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"行號、文件頭、網格邊框、Git修改","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"來顯示除文件內容之外的東西，參數是一個逗號分隔的列表。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"--style=numbers,changes","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"可以使用僅顯示 Git修改和行號，而不顯示網格和文件標題，設置","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"BAT_STYLE","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"環境變量以使這些更改爲永久。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"關於更多 bat 的使用方法可通過執行命令","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"man bat","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"或","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat --help","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"除此之外，也可以通過 bat 項目的 GitHub 庫查看更多詳細信息，我用過 bat 後就不會再想用回 cat 了！","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"二、duf","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在 Linux 環境下，我們知道 df 命令是用於顯示磁盤分區上可使用的磁盤空間，默認顯示單位爲 KB，你還可以利用該命令來獲取硬盤被佔用了多少空間，目前還剩下多少空間等信息。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"# df\nFilesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on\n/dev/sda3 18439940 4943264 12559972 29% /\ntmpfs 506176 76 506100 1% /dev/shm\n/dev/sda1 99150 30003 64027 32% /boot\n/dev/sr0 4363088 4363088 0 100% /media/CentOS_6.5_Final","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"除此之外，du 命令也是查看使用空間的，但與 df 命令不同的是 Linux du 命令是對文件和目錄磁盤使用的空間的查看，和 df 命令還是有一些區別的。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"# du\n4 ./.abrt\n8 ./.dbus/session-bus\n12 ./.dbus\n4 ./.nautilus\n40 ./.local/share/gvfs-metadata\n24 ./.local/share/applications\n68 ./.local/share\n72 ./.local","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"接下來就跟大家介紹一款終端工具，你可以理解爲傳統的 Linux 命令 df 和 du 整合版 —— duf。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"duf 是一個用 Golang 編寫的跨平臺磁盤使用情況工具，可以讓你輕鬆地檢查可用磁盤空間，對輸出進行分類，並以用戶友好的方式進行呈現，適用於 Linux、Windows、macOS、Android、FreeBSD；","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Ubuntu 安裝方式：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"$ sudo apt install gdebi\n#如果報錯，Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com......\n# sudo apt-get update\n\n$ sudo gdebi duf_0.5.0_linux_amd64.deb\n#要先在下載duf_0.5.0_linux_amd64.deb，下載地址爲:https://github.com/muesli/duf/releases/download/v0.5.0/duf_0.5.0_linux_amd64.deb","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"MacOS 安裝方式：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"#先安裝Homebrew，按照提示安裝即可。\n/bin/zsh -c \"$(curl -fsSL https://gitee.com/cunkai/HomebrewCN/raw/master/Homebrew.sh)\"\n\n#安裝duf\nbrew install duf\n\n#或者\nsudo port selfupdate && sudo port install duf","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Windows 安裝方式：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"choco install duf\n\n#或者\n\nscoop install duf","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"安裝完畢後，可直接使用 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10 款你不知道的 Linux 環境下的替代工具！
{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"作者：JackTian","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"來源：公衆號「傑哥的IT之旅」","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"ID：Jake_Internet","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"轉載請聯繫授權（微信ID：Hc220088）","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"原文地址：","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/p9WlxEBfFj0h7IQIOa9Xqw","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/p9WlxEBfFj0h7IQIOa9Xqw","attrs":{}}]}]}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"大家好，我是傑哥。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在 Linux 操作系統下，我們經常使用 cat 命令去連接多個文件並打印到標準輸出，合成幾個文件爲一個目標文件，追加幾個文件到目標文件中。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最近我在 GitHub 上發現了一個具有相似作用的命令叫做 “","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"Bat","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"”，它是 cat 命令的替代品，具有一些例如","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"語法高亮","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"、 ","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"Git 集成","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"和","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"自動分頁","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"等非常酷的特性。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在這篇文章中，就來給大家介紹下如何在 Linux 中安裝和使用 bat 命令。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一、bat","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"安裝 bat","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Arch Linux","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat 可以在 Arch Linux 操作系統的默認軟件源中進行獲取，可直接使用 pacman 命令在任何基於 Arch 的系統上來安裝它。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":"text"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"pacman -S bat","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Fedora","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":"text"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"dnf install bat","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"macOS","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"brew install bat","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Ubuntu 21.10","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我是通過 Ubuntu 環境下安裝的 bat，從 bat 的發佈頁面下載","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":".deb","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"文件，可執行如下命令進行下載和安裝。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":"text"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"sudo apt-get install wget\nwget https://github.com/sharkdp/bat/releases/tag/v0.18.3/bat_0.18.3_amd64.deb\nsudo dpkg -i bat_0.18.3_amd64.deb","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"對於其他系統，也許需要從軟件源編譯並安裝，或參考 GitHub 上 bat 的其他操作系統安裝方式。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat 命令的使用","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat 命令的使用與 cat 命令的使用非常相似。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"使用 bat 命令創建一個新文件：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat > jiaoben1.sh","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"使用 bat 命令查看文件內容:","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat jiaoben1.sh","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"使用 bat 命令同時查看多個文件：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat jiaoben1.sh jiaoben2.sh","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"使用 bat 命令將多個文件的內容合併到一個單獨的文件中：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat jiaoben1.sh jiaoben2.sh > test.txt","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"上述介紹了 bat 創建新文件、查看文件內容、將多個文件的內容合併到一個單獨的文件中的方式。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"接下來，我們就來看一下 bat 命令一些非常酷的特性。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat 命令支持大多數編程和標記語言的語法高亮，那麼我們就來使用 cat 和 bat 命令展示下 jiaoben1.sh 裏面的內容做個鮮明的對比。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/c0/c09b2479b8cb4e22a8049644aed2e885.gif","alt":"圖片","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"可以看出，cat 命令以純文本格式顯示文件的內容，而 bat 命令顯示了語法高亮和整齊的文本對齊格式。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"從上面 bat 命令的輸出，可以看出是有表格線的，如果你只想顯示行號（而沒有表格）可以使用","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"-n","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"參數來實現，雖然 cat 執行也會顯示行號，但還是沒有 bat 執行輸出後的效果美觀。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":"text"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat -n jiaoben2.sh","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/0f/0f87a007ded1c2b15457e73b720ab31b.gif","alt":"圖片","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat 命令支持 Git 集成，可以輕鬆查看和編輯 Git 存儲庫中的文件，bat 與 Git 連接可顯示關於索引的修改。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/a0/a0b3679df51ebf393d1073c839392d5d.webp","alt":"圖片","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat 支持自動分頁，這點特性也是需要值得注意的。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"支持分頁意思也就是說，當文件的輸出內容超出屏幕顯示的時候，bat 命令會自動將自己輸出的內容傳到 less 命令中，你將可以使用回車鍵一頁一頁的查看輸出內容，使用空格鍵可直接跳轉至文末最後一行。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"當你使用 bat 命令時這些都是不必要的，bat 命令將自動傳輸跨越多個頁面的文件的輸出。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat jiaoben3.sh","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/c7/c797db5fc451b18158096e2268610a63.gif","alt":"圖片","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"對比下 cat 命令，查看 jiaoben3.sh 跨多個頁面文件內容時，提示符會直接跳到文件的最後一頁，將無法看到跨多個頁面文件開頭及中間部分的內容。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"cat jiaoben3.sh","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/dc/dc57b7c0be968bf78f057a19ac5545c2.gif","alt":"圖片","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如果你想要通過 cat 來實現 bat 命令的效果，則需要去使用 cat 的輸出傳輸到 less 命令中去，這樣就可以從開頭部分一頁一頁的查看內容了。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"cat jiaoben3.sh | less","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/0d/0d2e110d8921443c0a1869f092eb5cca.gif","alt":"圖片","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"同樣，這種方式也是可以使用回車鍵一頁一頁的查看輸出內容以及使用空格鍵可直接跳轉至文末最後一行。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat 定製主題","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"目前 bat 定製主題有 24 種，包括：Coldark-Cold、GitHub、Monokai Extended Light、OneHalfDark、Solarized (light)、TwoDark、Visual Studio Dark+、base16、zenburn 等；","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如果你不喜歡默認主題，也是可以根據自己的風格進行修改，只需執行：","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat --list-themes","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"命令，即可顯示可用的主題。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":"text"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"# bat --list-themes\nTheme: 1337\n\n // Output the square of a number.\n fn print_square(num: f64) {\n let result = f64::powf(num, 2.0);\n println!(\"The square of {:.2} is {:.2}.\", num, result);\n }\n\n......","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"例如你要選擇","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"Dracula","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"主題，可直接執行：","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat --theme=Dracula 文件名","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/40/4060de17c2f2ecd8ffa2b8989d85988f.webp","alt":"圖片","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如果你想永久改變某一個主題，可使用","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"export BAT_THEME=\"Dracula\"","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"在你的 shell 啓動文件，以使更改爲永久。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"您可以使用","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"--style","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"參數選項來控制","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"輸出的外觀，配置元素包括：","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"行號、文件頭、網格邊框、Git修改","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"來顯示除文件內容之外的東西，參數是一個逗號分隔的列表。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"--style=numbers,changes","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"可以使用僅顯示 Git修改和行號，而不顯示網格和文件標題，設置","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"BAT_STYLE","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"環境變量以使這些更改爲永久。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"關於更多 bat 的使用方法可通過執行命令","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"man bat","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"或","attrs":{}},{"type":"codeinline","content":[{"type":"text","text":"bat --help","attrs":{}}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"text","text":"。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"除此之外，也可以通過 bat 項目的 GitHub 庫查看更多詳細信息，我用過 bat 後就不會再想用回 cat 了！","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"二、duf","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在 Linux 環境下，我們知道 df 命令是用於顯示磁盤分區上可使用的磁盤空間，默認顯示單位爲 KB，你還可以利用該命令來獲取硬盤被佔用了多少空間，目前還剩下多少空間等信息。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"# df\nFilesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on\n/dev/sda3 18439940 4943264 12559972 29% /\ntmpfs 506176 76 506100 1% /dev/shm\n/dev/sda1 99150 30003 64027 32% /boot\n/dev/sr0 4363088 4363088 0 100% /media/CentOS_6.5_Final","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"除此之外，du 命令也是查看使用空間的，但與 df 命令不同的是 Linux du 命令是對文件和目錄磁盤使用的空間的查看，和 df 命令還是有一些區別的。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"# du\n4 ./.abrt\n8 ./.dbus/session-bus\n12 ./.dbus\n4 ./.nautilus\n40 ./.local/share/gvfs-metadata\n24 ./.local/share/applications\n68 ./.local/share\n72 ./.local","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"接下來就跟大家介紹一款終端工具，你可以理解爲傳統的 Linux 命令 df 和 du 整合版 —— duf。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"duf 是一個用 Golang 編寫的跨平臺磁盤使用情況工具，可以讓你輕鬆地檢查可用磁盤空間，對輸出進行分類，並以用戶友好的方式進行呈現，適用於 Linux、Windows、macOS、Android、FreeBSD；","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Ubuntu 安裝方式：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"$ sudo apt install gdebi\n#如果報錯，Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com......\n# sudo apt-get update\n\n$ sudo gdebi duf_0.5.0_linux_amd64.deb\n#要先在下載duf_0.5.0_linux_amd64.deb，下載地址爲:https://github.com/muesli/duf/releases/download/v0.5.0/duf_0.5.0_linux_amd64.deb","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"MacOS 安裝方式：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"#先安裝Homebrew，按照提示安裝即可。\n/bin/zsh -c \"$(curl -fsSL https://gitee.com/cunkai/HomebrewCN/raw/master/Homebrew.sh)\"\n\n#安裝duf\nbrew install duf\n\n#或者\nsudo port selfupdate && sudo port install duf","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":4},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Windows 安裝方式：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"choco install duf\n\n#或者\n\nscoop install duf","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"安裝完畢後，可直接使用 duf，方法也非常簡單。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"不添加任何參數，會輸出所有本地設備、已掛載的任何雲存儲設備以及任何其他特殊設備（包括臨時存儲位置等）的詳細信息；","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"$ duf","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/f1/f1b19791db4754f887014fc00d44b6fa.webp","alt":"圖片","title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如果你只想查看本地連接設備的詳細信息，而不想看其他的，可執行：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"codeblock","attrs":{"lang":"text"},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"$ duf --only 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