亞馬遜 re:Invent 2021：塑造以人爲本的未來科技

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"11 月 30 日，"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.awsevents.cn\/reinvent\/index.html?s=7084&smid=107&sc_channel=PS&sc_campaign=acquisition_CN&sc_publisher=baidu&sc_category=PC&sc_medium=PC_reinvent_%E5%93%81%E7%89%8C%E8%AF%8D&sc_content=reinvent&sc_detail=re%20invent&sc_segment=cn2021110310259&sc_matchtype=phrase&sc_country=CN&trkCampaign=request_for_pilot_account&trk=ps-acq|baidu|ppc|PC_reinvent_%E5%93%81%E7%89%8C%E8%AF%8D|reinvent|re%20invent|","title":"xxx","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2021 亞馬遜雲科技 re:Invent 全球大會"}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"正式開啓，作爲全球雲計算產業的盛會，re:Invent 每年堅持發佈創新技術和服務、並邀請全球不同行業、規模的客戶以及亞馬遜雲科技合作伙伴分享最新的商業創新實踐。今年是 re:Invent 的第 10 年，新產品和新服務依然是討論的焦點。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"新技術之外，亞馬遜雲科技在人才培養和開發效率提升方面作出的努力也值得探討。亞馬遜正在塑造以人爲本的未來科技：打造能爲開發者所用的技術，用技術賦能開發；降低技術使用門檻，普惠更多的開發者，讓更多的人享受到雲計算帶來的極致開發體驗和效率提升。矚目的創新技術背後，低調的“全球遊戲”在同步進行，而這也恰好呼應了 re:Invent 2021 的大會主題——“引領風向，重塑未來”。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"更高、更快的技術創新亮點"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"提到 re:Invent，大家想到的標籤可能是：雲計算領域的創新技術。除卻本身的光環，縱觀歷屆 re:Invent 大會，這些新技術無一不在解決企業內外部開發者開發過程中遇到的問題：用新的產品降低開發者進入人工智能領域的門檻、用新的服務讓開發人員提升數據分析的效率……re:Invent 大會發布的產品與服務始終關注開發者的真實感受，幫助更多人從雲計算技術中受益、獲得更好的開發體驗；同時，也給雲計算未來的發展指出方向。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"今年的大會依舊帶來了涵蓋計算、物聯網、5G、無服務器數據分析、機器學習、數據庫服務等方向重磅的創新技術，值得關注的有："}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#adadad","name":"user"}}],"text":"基於新一代自研芯片 Amazon Graviton3 的計算實例"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#adadad","name":"user"}}],"text":"降低機器學習門檻的 SageMaker Canvas"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#adadad","name":"user"}}],"text":"幫助大型機客戶向雲遷移的 Amazon Mainframe Modernization"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#adadad","name":"user"}}],"text":"幫助企業構建移動專網的 Amazon Private 5G"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#adadad","name":"user"}}],"text":"構建數字孿生的服務 Amazon IoT TwinMaker"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#adadad","name":"user"}}],"text":"簡化聊天機器人設計的 Lex Automated Chatbot Builder"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#adadad","name":"user"}}],"text":"4 個亞馬遜雲科技分析服務套件的無服務器和按需選項"}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"更高性價比的 Amazon Graviton3"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"目前，全球頭部的雲服務器廠商都在佈局自研服務器芯片，降低雲服務成本吸引更多客戶。作爲最早基於 ARM 架構自研服務器芯片的廠商之一，亞馬遜雲科技的自研芯片之路可以追溯到 2014 年，此後，在 2018 年和 2019 年接連推出自研 Graviton、Graviton2 處理器。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"Amazon Graviton2 是亞馬遜雲科技基於 ARM 指令集開發的高水平處理器，今年大會上處理器進一步迭代升級，重磅推出了 Amazon Graviton3，爲企業提供了更高的性價比：爲實際工作負載提供最佳性能和最低成本。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"與 Amazon Graviton2 相比，Amazon Graviton3 可以給科學計算、機器學習和媒體編碼工作負載提供高達 2 倍的浮點運算性能，提升加密工作負載速度高達 2 倍，爲機器學習工作負載提供高達 3 倍的性能；其處理器的能效也更高，在相同性能下，與同類型 Amazon EC2 實例對比，可節省高達 60%的能源消耗。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"會上也推出了 3 款由自研芯片支持的新 Amazon EC2 實例，分別是 Amazon EC2 C7g 實例、Amazon EC2 Trn1 實例以及 Amazon EC2 Im4gn\/Is4gen\/I4i 實例，幫助客戶顯著提升在 Amazon EC2 上運行的工作負載的性能、成本和能源效率。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"其他值得關注的工具&服務"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"降低機器學習門檻——SageMaker Canvas"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"機器學習是亞馬遜雲科技長期關注的技術方向之一。截至目前，數以萬計的客戶使用 Amazon SageMaker 開發聊天機器人、視覺圖像處理工具、自然語言處理等人工智能服務。這次大會上，亞馬遜雲科技面向企業內部的所有工程師和外部業務用戶推出了 Amazon SageMaker Canvas，方便更多沒有經驗的用戶不需要編輯代碼，只用鼠標點擊拖拽，就可以完成機器學習模型的創建。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"加快上雲——Mainframe Modernization"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"雲時代下，上雲已成爲行業共識。爲了保證企業快速上雲，雲遷移技術成爲業內關注的重要技術方向之一。這次大會上，亞馬遜雲科技推出 Amazon Mainframe Modernization，幫助亞馬遜雲科技客戶以更低的成本，更快的速度在亞馬遜雲上遷移、實現現代化和運行大型機工作負載，將主機遷移時間減少 2\/3。同時，Amazon Mainframe Modernization 可以幫助客戶評估分析主機應用程序情況，選擇合適的路徑並制定計劃。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"構建專用移動網絡新方法——Private 5G"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"Amazon Outposts 是亞馬遜雲科技在兩年前推出的、幫助公司在數據中心運行應用程序的工具，提供和亞馬遜雲科技相同的 API、硬件及工具，由亞馬遜雲科技管理和支持。5G 時代，亞馬遜雲科技已經在使用具有低延遲、高帶寬優點的 5G 網絡連接客戶保持在線的所有設備。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"爲了降低客戶在享用 5G 服務便利性的同時，降低部署專用移動網絡需要投入大量的時間和成本，這次大會上，亞馬遜雲科技新推出 Amazon Private 5G 服務，可以在幾天內建立和擴展專用移動網絡，用戶只需要說明想在哪裏構建網絡並指定容量，亞馬遜雲科技就會提供必要的軟硬件及 SIM 卡，自動配置使客戶按需連接任意數量的設備。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"數字孿生解決方案——IoT TwinMaker"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"針對物聯網、智能製造領域常用的較爲繁瑣的建模方式，亞馬遜雲科技推出了 Amazon IoT TwinMaker 數字孿生解決方案。Amazon IoT TwinMaker 是亞馬遜雲科技在數字孿生概念下的首款產品。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"使用 Amazon IoT TwinMaker 的企業 可以輕鬆彙集來自多個來源（如設備傳感器、攝像機和業務應用程序）的數據，並將這些數據結合起來創建一個知識圖譜，對現實世界環境進行建模，從而省去大量的開發工作，也可以通過數字孿生來構建反映現實世界的應用程序，提高運營效率並減少停機時間。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"同時，Amazon IoT TwinMaker 還可以適用於 Amazon IoT SiteWise、Amazon Kinesis Video Streams 和 Amazon S3 的內置連接器，進行數據收集。企業也可以導入現有的 3D 模型，創建數字孿生。值得注意的是，數字孿生也是元宇宙的主要觀點之一。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"簡化聊天機器人設計——Lex Automated Chatbot Builder"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"如今，聊天機器人在商業、教育等領域的應用越來越多，它不僅簡化了人與服務之間的交互，增強了客戶體驗，還能通過降低客戶服務成本，幫助公司改善服務流程和運營效率。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"在這項重要的功能背後是非常複雜的組織結構，開發人員可能需要花費幾百小時搜索所有記錄，查找用戶查詢和解決該問題的信息。而亞馬遜雲科技新發布的 Amazon Lex Automated Chatbot Builder 通過增加一定程度的自動化，簡化了聊天機器人的培訓和設計過程，將聊天機器人的設計週期從幾周縮短至幾小時。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"4 項基於雲的數據分析服務"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"企業數據分析和技術的需求也正在不斷上升，本次大會，亞馬遜雲科技推出了幫助客戶挖掘數據的服務：Amazon Redshift、Amazon EMR、Amazon MSK 和 Amazon Kinesis，這四項分析服務均基於雲，並作爲無服務器可以按需提供服務。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"由於不同的分析服務需要不同的數據庫作支撐，客戶需要考慮運行這些服務的基礎設施以及管理集羣，而通過亞馬遜雲科技的數據分析服務，客戶只需要爲使用的資源付費，不需要考慮其他事情。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"DevOps 團隊構建應用的最佳實踐"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"以人爲本的未來科技，離不開現有的技術和開發人才，而其中的“未來”則需要團隊、乃至行業共同打造。從短期看，技術與人才結合自然而然能帶來開發和部署效率的提升、軟件開發流程優化、團隊協作效率提升、實現更佳的 DevOps 實踐，從而打造“未來科技”。此次 re:Invent 大會上，亞馬遜雲科技分享了從開發到運維的全流程 DevOps 實踐，給高效協作 DevOps 提供新的可能。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"利用 Amazon CDK 高效部署"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"最近幾年，很多團隊都在採用基礎設施即代碼 (IaC)。IaC 模型是在 DevOps 中實現最佳實踐的關鍵屬性，它可以在每次應用時都生成相同的環境，使基礎設施的預置變得更加輕鬆。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"IaC 帶來便利的同時，也帶來了新的技術門檻：開發者需要熟悉模板的各個功能模塊和編寫語言。而亞馬遜雲科技 CDK 恰好既能兼顧 IaC 帶來的便利，也能降低模板的編寫難度，亞馬遜雲科技雲計算開發工具（CDK）是一個開源的框架，供開發者使用熟悉的程序語言，來創建和配置雲計算資源，現在支持 C#、TypeScript、Java、Python 和 Go 等多種程序語言。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"作爲一個重要組件，亞馬遜雲科技 CDK 實現和封裝了基礎架構模式，開發者可以在整個組織中共享信息，並能創建、共享可重複使用的資產，這是雲計算開發中重要的改變。本次大會，亞馬遜雲科技宣佈正式推出 CDK 第二個版本，改進了第一版 CDK 在依賴性管理上的麻煩，而新發布的 Construct Hub 則可以促進雲計算開發社區、雲計算服務供應商使用和共享所有 CDK 構建，對於開源具有重要的意義。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"軟件開發生命週期觀測的最佳實踐"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"DevOps 越來越受到企業的推崇，儼然成爲企業數字化轉型的“必修課”。在全球企業的 DevOps 實踐中，我們可以看到它確實提高了團隊的組織能力，能以更快的速度交付應用程序和服務。在 DevOps 實踐中，軟件開發觀測是重要的環節，無論是開發者還是運營人員，都需要了解應用程序和資源的運行情況，方便在進行或者更改代碼部署時看到變化。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"軟件開發生命週期觀測，能夠幫助開發者有效地瞭解情況，對任何持續出現或者潛在的問題及時補救。我們所討論的觀測和普通監控最大的區別是，監控只反應系統是否正常地運行，而觀測在監控的基礎上，會同時反饋系統無法正常運轉的原因。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"本次大會對四個可以幫助實現觀測的工具進行了介紹，分別是 Amazon CloudWatch、Amazon CloudTrail、Amazon X-Ray 和 Amazon DevOps Guru。以前不久剛剛推出的適用於 RDS 的 DevOps Guru 爲例，它能幫助開發人員使用 Amazon Aurora 數據庫快速、大規模地檢測、診斷和解決數據庫性能問題。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"DevOps Guru for RDS 是利用 ML 來自動識別和分析各種與性能相關的數據庫問題，例如主機資源的過度利用、數據庫瓶頸或 SQL 查詢的不當行爲。開發人員可以獲取足夠的信息來確定數據庫性能問題的確切原因，爲開發人員和工程師減少了大量發現和修復與性能相關的數據庫問題的工作，同時爲團隊節省了時間。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"讓開發流程獲得恢復能力"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"“從開發流程獲得恢復能力”也是本次大會中一個值得關注的話題，它能最大程度避免系統崩潰帶來的成本消耗，這其中的最佳實踐是：持續構建彈性應用程序，其中包含 Responding（迴應）、Monitoring（監控）、Learning（學習）以及 Anticipate（預期）。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#adadad","name":"user"}}],"text":"Responding：在實際發生故障時修復問題"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#adadad","name":"user"}}],"text":"Monitoring：監控運行情況，當發生故障時發出警報"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#adadad","name":"user"}}],"text":"Learning：當沒有按預期發展時，理解爲什麼會發生這樣的情況，以及如何恢復"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#adadad","name":"user"}}],"text":"Anticipate：基於以上的情況，瞭解會發生什麼，並預測潛在問題，提前阻止這些情況發生"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"在上述過程中，Amazon  DevOps Guru 服務可以使開發流程獲得恢復能力。Amazon  DevOps Guru 服務被啓用後，就會開始攝取操作數據、使用 ML 探測器監測異常情況。所以在異常情況出現時，它會查看 Cloud 跟蹤日誌，向操作員發出問題警報，其中包含問題的詳細信息，比如涉及哪些資源、問題出現的時間以及其他可能相關的事件，這樣的“洞察力”能幫助團隊快速定位、解決問題，最終有助於縮短整個過程持續的時間。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"此外，Amazon DevOps Guru 也可以在組中進行關聯，將相關應用程序轉換爲基礎架構，幫助識別類似 Web 應用程序延遲峯值、磁盤空間不足、錯誤的代碼部署等問題，減少虛假和冗餘的警報。在其幫助下，開發者及團隊可以專注於其他需要專注及更重要的事情。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"走近開發者的社區活動"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"沒有人會用的技術是沒有價值的。在技術快速發展的同時，如何讓其普惠更多的開發者，讓他們獲得技術帶來的巨大能量，這是一個值得深思的問題。能爲開發部署賦能的技術很多，而技術的壁壘、使用的場景限制都是橫亙在開發人員和新技術之間的鴻溝。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"亞馬遜雲科技關注到了雲計算領域開發者的需求，打造了可以滿足開發者學習、交流需求的活動和課程，讓雲計算創新技術覆蓋更多人。本次大會，承載了衆多活動和社區建設內容的“社區專題”也在七個專題視頻之中——亞馬遜正在發起“全球遊戲”，做雲計算領域的技術人才培養。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"消滅 100 萬個 Bug"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"“對開發者來說，遊戲開始了；對 Bug 來說，‘遊戲結束’了”這是本次大會對 Amazon BugBust 挑戰賽的精彩總結。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"近幾年，基於雲開發、構建和部署新功能的進程正在變得越來越快，然而開發過程中的代碼錯誤卻無法避免，隨着比以往多千百萬行的代碼輸出，要審查的代碼也越來越多，代碼審查的數量和複雜度也在增加。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"爲了確保代碼的正確性和編碼的最佳實踐，代碼審查的必要性不言而喻。更有趣、更有效地審查代碼的方法在哪？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"一些公司、團隊會舉辦 Bug bash（Bug 大掃除），以團隊協作的形式查找修復 Bug，一般需要花大量的時間手動檢查大型代碼庫，效率較低，而且可能有 Bug 成爲漏網之“魚”通過檢查。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"今年 6 月，亞馬遜雲科技提供了一個清除 Bug 的解決方案——Amazon BugBust挑戰賽，這是世界上首個面向 Java 和 Python 開發人員共同修復100萬個 Bug 的全球競賽。開發者可以在亞馬遜雲科技控制檯中快速輕鬆地設置自己的 Amazon BugBust 項目，其中可以設置挑戰、獎勵和排行榜，世界各地的開發者都可以加入到該活動中，修復Bug獲得比分，成績會同步到 Amazon BugBust 挑戰賽中，還可以在排名上升時獲得徽章和獎勵。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"在 Amazon BugBust 挑戰賽背後，有一個幫助開發者查找和消除錯誤的重要工具——Amazon CodeGuru Reviewer 和 Amazon CodeGuru Profiler，這兩個工具通過利用機器學習和自動推理來查找代碼中的錯誤，替代了開發人員手動檢查的繁重工作，爲“消滅Bugs”提供了簡單、高效、有趣的方案。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"通過 DeepRacer 掌握機器學習"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2018 年發佈的世界經濟論壇報告稱，到 2022 年人工智能將新增 5800 萬個新崗位；2018 年騰訊研究所公佈的數據顯示，世界各地的 AI 工程師僅有 30 萬。亞馬遜雲科技看到了世界人工智能領域學習的需求，在同年首次發佈了 Amazon DeepRacer，降低人工智能的核心——機器學習（ML）的門檻。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Reinforcement Learning（強化學習）是一種高級的 ML 技術，也是 ML 的一個重要分支，它採用了一種與衆不同的方法來訓練模型。它的超強功能在於，Reinforcement Learning 模型在學習非常複雜的行爲時不需要任何標記的訓練數據，並且可以在以長期優化爲目標的同時做出短期決策。DeepRacer 內置了強化學習（Reinforcement Learning）框架，使開發人員可以在線上模擬器中訓練、評估和調整 Reinforcement Learning 模型，然後將自己的模型部署到 Amazon DeepRacer 上，從而獲得堪比現實世界的自動駕駛經驗，讓中學生也能體驗機器學習。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"爲了讓世界各地的開發者和機器學習愛好者可以更深入地交流機器學習的經驗，體驗自動駕駛的樂趣，亞馬遜雲科技還在 2018 年的 re:Invent 全球大會上首次推出 Amazon DeepRacer 聯賽（包括線上模擬賽和線下實體賽）。本次大會中 Amazon DeepRacer 專題提到，Amazon DeepRacer 現可藉助虛擬 3D 賽車模擬器、廣播工具和 1\/18 比例自動駕駛競速賽車，讓開發者在娛樂中掌握 ML 的基本原理。最新數據顯示，自聯賽推出以來全球已有超過 10 萬名開發者通過參賽體驗到機器學習的樂趣，同時也幫助團隊構建包容的 ML 公司文化，促進團隊的合作和良性競爭。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":3},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在 BuildOn 中掌握流暢開發"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"除了 Amazon BugBust 和 Amazon DeepRacer 這兩個充滿競技色彩的專題外，BuildOn 也在社區專題中亮相了，這是面向開發者圍繞代碼的實際應用開設的課程，其目的是鼓勵開發者動手實操，幫助他們學習雲計算技術應用，實現更快更好的創新。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"本次 re:Invent 大會中，BuildOn 共有 5 節不同主題的分享，涵蓋容器、實時分析數據等領域，每個分享中都有兩位主題專家分享代碼，指導解決開發者們實際遇到的各種問題，也帶領開發者瞭解多個亞馬遜雲科技服務連接在一起的解決方案，幫助開發者開啓雲上構建。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"爲了推動開發者動手實踐，平時，亞馬遜雲科技也會組織技術佈道師，爲世界各地的開發者分享如何完成雲上構建，帶領開發者動手實操，在雲上構建移動應用、無服務應用程序等，這些課程在官網的開發人員中心（Developer Center）裏都可以找到。在大會的 Keynote 演講中，亞馬遜雲科技新任首席執行官 Adam Selipsky 承諾，在 2025 年前，要培訓 2900 萬人掌握雲技術，爲此，亞馬遜雲科技提供了在線數字化體驗，免費提供 500 多個課程，這些課程還支持多達 16 種語言。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"寫在最後"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"除了上文的內容，本屆 re:Invent 還發布了其他的創新產品和服務，現可通過亞馬遜雲科技官網觀看全部回放。縱觀整場大會，“以人爲本”的隱藏主線貫穿始終。在技術、人才、團隊三者連接後，很可能出現一個雲計算技術發展的閉環：新技術與人才打造更高效的 DevOps 團隊，而團隊與人才利用新技術，探索更前沿的技術。這可能是亞馬遜雲科技新任首席執行官 Adam Selipsky 在演講中提到的兩個核心的概念“首先是變革，雲和亞馬遜雲科技提供的是變革的能力；其次是重塑，雲是一個重塑一切的機會，因爲雲提供了一條通往真正轉型的道路。”的另一層含義了。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.infoq.cn\/resource\/image\/d3\/78\/d33671595f5d4a07e7579dc6ac1f7978.jpg","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}}]}