1. 檢查Primary數據庫是否是archivelog模式
SQL> select log_mode from v$database;
如果結果不是"ARCHIVELOG",執行以下命令:
SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> startup mount;
SQL> alter database archivelog;
SQL> alter database open;
2. 檢查Primary數據庫是否是force logging模式
SQL> select force_logging from v$database;
如果結果不是"YES",執行以下命令:
SQL> alter database force logging;3. 在Primary數據庫上創建Standby logfile
SQL> select group#,thread#,bytes/1024/1024 from v$log;
根據得到的group數目和log大小,爲Standby實例創建對應的logfile,默認情況下是三個Group,且每個大小爲50M。
SQL> alter database add standby logfile ‘/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sungoin/stby_redo01.log’ size 50m;
SQL> alter database add standby logfile ‘/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sungoin/stby_redo02.log’ size 50m;
SQL> alter database add standby logfile ‘/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/sungoin/stby_redo03.log’ size 50m;
4. 在Primary數據庫上配置Standby相關係統參數
SQL> alter system set log_archive_config=’DG_CONFIG=(test,standby)’;
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1=’LOCATION=/home/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/test/archivelog VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=test’;
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_2=’service=standby LGWR ASYNC NET_TIMEOUT=30
valid_for=(ONLINE_LOGFILE,PRIMARY_ROLE) db_unique_name=standby’;
SQL> alter system set fal_server=test;
SQL> alter system set fal_client=standby;
SQL> alter system set standby_file_management=auto;
SQL> alter system set remote_login_passwordfile=exclusive;
5. 在Primary服務器上配置監聽器和TNS變量
在Primary服務器的監聽器中靜態註冊test實例,添加下面行到文件 /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora中:
SID_LIST_LISTENER =(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = test)
(ORACLE_HOME = /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
)
)
在Primary服務器的TNS中註冊test和standby,添加下面行到文件 /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora中:
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = testdb)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = test)
)
)
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.102)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = test)
)
)
6. 在Standby服務器上創建目錄結構
在Oracle用戶環境下執行下列命令:
$ mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/
$ mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle/admin/test/adump
$ mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle/admin/test/dpdump
$ mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle/admin/test/pfile
$ mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/test/archivelog/7. 在Standby服務器上配置監聽器和TNS變量
在Standby服務器的監聽器中靜態註冊test實例,添加下面行到文件 /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora中:
SID_LIST_LISTENER =(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = test)
(ORACLE_HOME = /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
)
)
在Standby服務器的TNS中註冊sungoin和standby,添加下面行到文件 /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora中:
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.101)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = test)
)
)
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = standby)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = test)
)
)
8. 在Standby服務器上創建啓動文件和密碼文件
創建文件/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initsungoin.ora,文件內容如下:DB_NAME=test
DB_UNIQUE_NAME=standby
拷貝Primary服務上的密碼文件到standby服務器上,命令如下:
scp [email protected]:/home/oracle/app/racle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapwtest /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/9. 在Standby服務器上啓動standby實例
$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> startup nomount;10. 在Primary服務器上創建和執行RMAN腳本文件
創建腳本文件dupstby.cmd, 文件內容如下:
run {allocate channel pri1 type disk;
allocate channel pri2 type disk;
allocate channel prmy4 type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel stby type disk;
duplicate target database for standby
from active database
dorecover
spfile
set db_unique_name='standby'
set control_files='/home/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/test/control01.ctl', '/home/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/test/control02.ctl'
set fal_client='test'
set fal_server='standby'
set standby_file_management='AUTO'
set log_archive_config='dg_config=(test,standby)'
set log_archive_dest_1= 'LOCATION=/home/oracle/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/test/archivelog VALID_FOR= (ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=standby'
set log_archive_dest_2='service=test LGWR ASYNC NET_TIMEOUT=30
valid_for=(ONLINE_LOGFILE,PRIMARY_ROLE) db_unique_name=test'
nofilenamecheck;
}
$ rman target /
RMAN> connect auxiliary sys/oracle@standby
RMAN> @dupstby.cmd11. 在Standby數據庫上啓動Standby執行進程
$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> alter database recover managed standby databaseusing current logfile disconnect from session;
SQL> exit;
12. 驗證配置是否成功
驗證配置是否正確有三種方法,一是檢查兩個數據庫的狀態,二是比對兩個數據庫的archive log的序列是否一樣,三是在Primary數據庫進行改動然後在Standby數據庫上進行檢驗比對。
第一種方法:
在兩個數據庫上分別執行下面命令:
SQL> select open_mode,switchover_status,database_role from v$database;
Primary服務器上應該得到結果:
OPEN_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS DATABASE_ROLE
-------------------- -------------------- ---------------
READ WRITE TO STANDBY PRIMARY
Standby服務器上應該得到結果:
OPEN_MODE SWITCHOVER_STATUS DATABASE_ROLE
-------------------- -------------------- ----------------
READ ONLY WITH APPLY NOT ALLOWED PHYSICAL STANDBY
第二種方法:
在兩個數據庫上分別執行下列命令,比對兩端的Current log sequence是否一樣,正確情況下應該是一樣的。
SQL> archive log list;
第三種方法:
在Primary數據庫上手動進行任何數據改動,然後在Standby上進行查詢驗證,確認在Primary上的改動已經更新到Standby上了,由於該方案採用異步傳輸方式,所以Primary上的改動會延誤幾秒鐘纔會傳輸到Standby上。
如果檢查結果和上述不一樣,可能是哪個步驟出了錯誤,檢查Log查看詳細情況。