一.下載安裝對應的jdk,並配置Java環境。
官網下載地址:
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk-6u26-download-400750.html
下載將jdk加壓後放到/usr/local目錄下:
[root@master ~]#chmod 755 jdk-6u5-linux-x64.bin
[root@master ~]# ./jdk-6u5-linux-x64.bin
[root@master ~]#mv jdk1.6.0_05 /usr/local
建立/usr/local/下的jdk軟連接方便以後版本升級 :
[root@master ~]# ln -s /usr/local/jdk1.6.0_05/ /usr/local/jdk
配置環境變量:
在 /etc/profile 中加入以下內容:
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.6.0_05
JAVA_BIN=/usr/local/jdk1.6.0_05/bin
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_BIN
CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
export JAVA_HOME JAVA_BIN PATH CLASSPATH
保存退出
[root@master ~]source /etc/profile
查看java環境變量是否生效
[root@master ~]# java -version
java version "1.6.0_05"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_05-b13)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 10.0-b19, mixed mode)
測試成功
二.下載安裝tomcat(http://tomcat.apache.org/)
[root@master ~]# unzip apache-tomcat-6.0.30.zip
[root@master ~]# mv apache-tomcat-6.0.30/ /usr/local/
[root@master ~]cd /usr/local/
[root@master local]# ln -s /usr/local/apache-tomcat-6.0.30/ /usr/local/tomcat
[root@master local]# cd tomcat/bin/
[root@master bin]#ls
[root@master bin]#vim catalina.sh
添加以下內容:
CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/apache-tomcat-6.0.30/
[root@master local]#chmod +x *.sh
三.啓動tomcat服務器
[root@master tomcat]# /usr/local/tomcat /bin/catalina.sh start
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-6.0.30/
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-6.0.30/
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-6.0.30//temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/local/jdk1.6.0_05
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-6.0.30//bin/bootstrap.jar
[root@master logs]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/logs/
[root@master logs]# tail -f catalina.out
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:289)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:414)
Jul 4, 2011 11:06:57 AM org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol pause
INFO: Pausing Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8080
Jul 4, 2011 11:06:58 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService stop
INFO: Stopping service Catalina
Jul 4, 2011 11:06:58 AM org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol destroy
INFO: Stopping Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8080
notice:
查看catalina.out文件,發現會有錯誤:
1.
Error occurred during initialization of VM
java/lang/NoClassDefFoundError: java/lang/Object
這個問題是因爲在安裝jdk的時候,沒有把rt.pack 和 tools.pack轉換成jar 文件,因此需要分別進入到這兩個文件的所在目錄進行轉換
/opt/jdk1.6.0_15/lib
[root@localhost lib]# unpack200 tools.pack tools.jar
[root@localhost lib]# ls
ct.sym htmlconverter.jar jconsole.jar orb.idl tools.jar tools.pack.bak
dt.jar ir.idl jexec sa-jdi.jar tools.pack visualvm
/opt/jdk1.6.0_15/jre/lib
[root@localhost lib]# unpack200 rt.pack rt.jar
2.
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError: org/apache/catalina/startup/Bootstrap : Unsupported major.minor version 51.0
這個錯誤是由於java 跟 javac 版本不一致導致的,可以這樣查看:
[root@mail docs]# java -version
java version "1.7.0_09-icedtea"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (rhel-2.3.4.1.el6_3-x86_64)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 23.2-b09, mixed mode)
[root@mail docs]# javac -version
javac 1.6.0_03
可以看到,一個是1.7,一個是1.6
解決方法:
[root@mail bin]# $JAVA_HOME/bin/java -version //查看你安裝的java 版本,是1.6。這裏沒想到之前安裝的版本反而更新,1.7的。。。。不過這裏還是改成1.6吧
java version "1.6.0_03"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_03-b05)
Java HotSpot(TM) Server VM (build 1.6.0_03-b05, mixed mode)
[root@mail bin]# java -version
java version "1.7.0_09-icedtea"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (rhel-2.3.4.1.el6_3-x86_64)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 23.2-b09, mixed mode)
[root@mail bin]# which java //查看java命令的執行路徑
/usr/bin/java
[root@mail bin]# mv /usr/bin/java /usr/bin/java-1.7.0_09
[root@mail bin]# ln -s $JAVA_HOME/bin/java /usr/bin/java //建立與你安裝jdk軟連接
[root@mail bin]# java -version //再次驗證java 和 javac 版本
java version "1.6.0_03"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_03-b05)
Java HotSpot(TM) Server VM (build 1.6.0_03-b05, mixed mode)
[root@mail bin]# javac -version
javac 1.6.0_03
四.在瀏覽器中輸入
http://localhost:8080/(如果不是本機,則輸入對應的ip地址)
測試出現tomcat頁面則測試成功
ps:需要說明的是tomcat的默認測試頁面是放在webapps下面,這個其實是在server.xml文件中配置的,如下所示:
<Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps"
unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true"
xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false">
[root@SOR_SYS apache-tomcat-6.0.30]# ls
LICENSE NOTICE RELEASE-NOTES RUNNING.txt bin conf lib logs temp webapps work
2)conf文件夾下主要是放置tomcat的服務器的相關配置文件
五。添加應用,再次進行測試
在webapps目錄下放測試包(注意:webaapps目錄下面主要是放應用包的.war在tomcat重啓訪問後會自動解壓)
[root@master webapps]# pwd
/usr/local/tomcat/webapps
[root@master webapps]# tar -zxvf moni2.tar.gz
[root@master webapps]# ls
docs examples host-manager manager moni2 moni2.tar.gz ROOT
[root@master webapps]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh start(重啓tomcat)
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-6.0.30/
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-6.0.30/
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-6.0.30//temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/local/jdk1.6.0_05
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-6.0.30//bin/bootstrap.jar
在瀏覽器中輸入如下地址:
http://192.168.55.229:8080/moni2/
六。修改tomcat的監聽端口
[root@master ~]# cd /usr/local/tomcat/conf
[root@master ~]# ls
[root@master ~]# vim server.xml
<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">【停止tomcat時的端口】
<Connector port="8081" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" /> 【tomcat默認的監聽端口是8080,現在改成8081】
<Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />【apache+tomcat模式時訪問tomcat的端口】
現在重啓tomcat。訪問http://192.168.55.229:8081/moni2/【注意:這時就需要修改端口了,嘿嘿。。。】
七。創建tomcat實例
假如我們現在使用的地址是:192..168.55.229,假如我們想在該機器上面創建tomcat實例,但是我們創建實例的腳本在服務器192.168.55.233上面上線,那麼我們需要怎麼做呢,請看以下步驟:
[root@master ~]# mount -t nfs 192.168.55.233:/opt/nfs /nfs【掛載目錄】
[root@master ~]# cd /nfs/
[root@master nfs]# ls
tcfile
[root@master nfs]# cd tcfile/
[root@master tcfile]# ls
backupfile deployfile instancefile
[root@master instancefile]# ls
tomcatTemplate tomcatTemplate.zip
[root@master instancefile]# cd tomcatTemplate
[root@master tomcatTemplate]# ls
bin conf lib LICENSE logs NOTICE RELEASE-NOTES RUNNING.txt temp webapps work
[root@master tomcatTemplate]# cd bin
[root@master bin]# ls
bootstrap.jar commons-daemon.jar createResource.sh resource.properties startup.bat tool-wrapper.sh
c3p0.template commons-daemon-native.tar.gz digest.bat setclasspath.bat startup.sh version.bat
catalina.bat cpappend.bat digest.sh setclasspath.sh tomcat-juli.jar version.sh
catalina.sh createInstance.sh encrypt.bat shutdown.bat tomcat-native.tar.gz
catalina-tasks.xml createInstance.sh.bak encrypt.sh shutdown.sh tool-wrapper.bat
[root@master bin]# sh createInstance.sh tomcatServer229-1【創建實例】
/nfs/tcfile/instancefile/tomcatTemplate
New instance tomcatServer229-1 has successfully builded, and
shutdown.port=10001
ajp.port=8011
http.port=8081
https.port=8041
jmx.port=6901
[root@master bin]# cd /opt/oracle/tomcat/【可以在這個目錄下面進行查看】
[root@master tomcat]# ls
tomcatServer229-1【命名規則,默認都是tomcat名字+-n表示第幾個實例;實際上是腳本中規定有格式】
[root@master tomcat]#