本篇博文爲翻譯(http://www.c-sharpcorner.com/uploadfile/mahesh/listbox-in-wpf/),本篇博文主要介紹ListBox控件的創建和用法。<ListBox></ListBox>
先從最容易的開始演示ListBox控件的創建。
Adding ListBox Items
下面的代碼是向ListBox控件中添加多項ListBoxItem集合。XAML代碼如下:
<ListBox Margin="10,10,0,13" Name="listBox1" HorizontalAlignment="Left"
VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="194" Height="200">
<ListBoxItem Content="Coffie"></ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem Content="Tea"></ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem Content="Orange Juice"></ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem Content="Milk"></ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem Content="Iced Tea"></ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem Content="Mango Shake"></ListBoxItem>
</ListBox>
運行後的界面如圖 Figure 1:
Figure 1
Adding ListBox Items Dynamically
動態添加ListBox集合項。用一個文本框,一個按鈕。當點擊添加按鈕向ListBox控件中添加用法輸入文本框的值。XAML代碼如下:
<TextBox Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="8,14,0,0"
Name="textBox1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="127" />
<Button Height="23" Margin="140,14,0,0" Name="button1" VerticalAlignment="Top"
HorizontalAlignment="Left" Width="76" Click="button1_Click">
Add Item
</Button>
運行後的界面如圖Figure 2:
Figure 2
Button按鈕的後臺事件代碼如下:
private void button1_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
listBox1.Items.Add(textBox1.Text);
}
當點擊添加按鈕,用戶輸入文本框的值,就會顯示到ListBox中。界面如圖Figure 3:
Figure 3
Deleting ListBox Items
我們可以用ListBox.Items.Remove 或者 ListBox.Items.RemoveAt方法移除ListBox集合中的一項。RemoveAt 方法是用集合中的下標。
在XAML 代碼中添加一個移除的按鈕,代碼如下:
<Button Height="23" Margin="226,14,124,0" Name="DeleteButton" VerticalAlignment="Top" Click="DeleteButton_Click">
Delete Item</Button>
按鈕事件中寫移除的邏輯。
private void DeleteButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
listBox1.Items.RemoveAt
(listBox1.Items.IndexOf(listBox1.SelectedItem));
}
Formatting and Styling
Formatting ListBox Items
格式ListBox項,設置ListBoxItem項的前景色和背景色。XAML中的代碼如下:
<ListBoxItem Background="LightCoral" Foreground="Red" Content="Coffie"></ListBoxItem>
我們也可以設置ListBoxItem的字體樣式。
<ListBoxItem Background="LightCoral" Foreground="Red" Content="Coffie" FontFamily="Verdana" FontSize="12"
FontWeight="Bold"></ListBoxItem>
現在來統一設置一下ListBoxItems的屬性:
<ListBoxItem Background="LightCoral" Foreground="Red" Content="Coffie" FontFamily="Verdana" FontSize="12"
FontWeight="Bold"></ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem Background="LightGray" Foreground="Black" Content="Tea" FontFamily="Georgia" FontSize="14"
FontWeight="Bold"></ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem Background="LightBlue" Foreground="Purple" Content="Orange Juice"
FontFamily="Verdana" FontSize="12" FontWeight="Bold"></ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem Background="LightGreen" Foreground="Green" Content="Milk" FontFamily="Georgia" FontSize="14"
FontWeight="Bold"></ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem Background="LightBlue" Foreground="Blue" Content="IcedTea"
FontFamily="Verdana" FontSize="12" FontWeight="Bold"></ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem Background="LightSlateGray" Foreground="Orange" Content="Mango Shake"
FontFamily="Georgia" FontSize="14" FontWeight="Bold"></ListBoxItem>
運行後的界面如圖Figure 4:
Figure 4
Displaying Images in a ListBox
在ListBoxItem 中放置圖片和文本,讓圖片和文本在一條線上。因爲ListBoxItem中只能添加一個文本,爲了添加多個文本,
需要藉助容器StackPanel 控件。下面的代碼段,ListBoxItem中增加了一個圖片和文字。
<ListBoxItem Background="LightCoral" Foreground="Red"
FontFamily="Verdana" FontSize="12" FontWeight="Bold">
<StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
<Image Source="coffie.jpg" Height="30"></Image>
<TextBlock Text="Coffie"></TextBlock>
</StackPanel>
</ListBoxItem>
運行後的效果如圖Figure 5:
Figure 5
ListBox with CheckBoxes
在ListBoxItem中添加複選框。複選框中添加圖片和文本。XAML代碼如下:
<ListBoxItem Background="LightCoral" Foreground="Red"
FontFamily="Verdana" FontSize="12" FontWeight="Bold">
<CheckBox Name="CoffieCheckBox">
<StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
<Image Source="coffie.jpg" Height="30"></Image>
<TextBlock Text="Coffie"></TextBlock>
</StackPanel>
</CheckBox>
</ListBoxItem>
我改變ListBoxItems 中的代碼向ListBoxItems 中添加CheckBox控件。設置CheckBox的Name屬性,當點擊圖片或者
文本時都可以選中CheckBox控件。
<ListBoxItem Background="LightCoral" Foreground="Red"
FontFamily="Verdana" FontSize="12" FontWeight="Bold">
<CheckBox Name="CoffieCheckBox">
<StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
<Image Source="coffie.jpg" Height="30"></Image>
<TextBlock Text="Coffie"></TextBlock>
</StackPanel>
</CheckBox>
</ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem Background="LightGray" Foreground="Black"
FontFamily="Georgia" FontSize="14" FontWeight="Bold">
<CheckBox Name="TeaCheckBox">
<StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
<Image Source="tea.jpg" Height="30"></Image>
<TextBlock Text="Tea"></TextBlock>
</StackPanel>
</CheckBox>
</ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem Background="LightBlue" Foreground="Purple"
FontFamily="Verdana" FontSize="12" FontWeight="Bold">
<CheckBox Name="OrangeJuiceCheckBox">
<StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
<Image Source="OrangeJuice.jpg" Height="40"></Image>
<TextBlock Text="OrangeJuice"></TextBlock>
</StackPanel>
</CheckBox>
</ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem Background="LightGreen" Foreground="Green"
FontFamily="Georgia" FontSize="14" FontWeight="Bold">
<CheckBox Name="MilkCheckBox">
<StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
<Image Source="Milk.jpg" Height="30"></Image>
<TextBlock Text="Milk"></TextBlock>
</StackPanel>
</CheckBox>
</ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem Background="LightBlue" Foreground="Blue"
FontFamily="Verdana" FontSize="12" FontWeight="Bold">
<CheckBox Name="IcedTeaCheckBox">
<StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
<Image Source="IcedTea.jpg" Height="30"></Image>
<TextBlock Text="Iced Tea"></TextBlock>
</StackPanel>
</CheckBox>
</ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem Background="LightSlateGray" Foreground="Orange"
FontFamily="Georgia" FontSize="14" FontWeight="Bold">
<CheckBox Name="MangoShakeCheckBox">
<StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
<Image Source="MangoShake.jpg" Height="30"></Image>
<TextBlock Text="Mango Shake"></TextBlock>
</StackPanel>
</CheckBox>
</ListBoxItem>
運行後的結果如圖Figure 6:
Figure 6
Data Binding
下面介紹ListBox跟對象,數據庫,XML文件以及其他控件的綁定。
Data Binding with Objects
ListBox 中的ItemsSource屬性綁定到ArrayList集合上。
// Bind ArrayList with the ListBox
LeftListBox.ItemsSource = LoadListBoxData();
private ArrayList LoadListBoxData()
{
ArrayList itemsList = new ArrayList();
itemsList.Add("Coffie");
itemsList.Add("Tea");
itemsList.Add("Orange Juice");
itemsList.Add("Milk");
itemsList.Add("Mango Shake");
itemsList.Add("Iced Tea");
itemsList.Add("Soda");
itemsList.Add("Water");
return itemsList;
}
例子:從一個列表框的數據傳輸到另一個列表框中。點擊“Add按鈕”讓左邊的ListBox中的選中的數據添加到右邊ListBox中。
點擊“Remove按鈕”讓右邊選中的數據添加到左邊的ListBox中。運行後的界面如圖Figure 7:
Figure 7
XAML 代碼如下:
<ListBox Margin="11,13,355,11" Name="LeftListBox" />
<ListBox Margin="0,13,21,11" Name="RightListBox" HorizontalAlignment="Right"
Width="216" />
<Button Name="AddButton" Height="23" Margin="248,78,261,0" VerticalAlignment="Top"
Click="AddButton_Click">Add >></Button>
<Button Name="RemoveButton" Margin="248,121,261,117"Click="RemoveButton_Click"><< Remove</Button>
窗體加載事件中的代碼:
private void Window_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
// Get data from somewhere and fill in my local ArrayList
myDataList = LoadListBoxData();
// Bind ArrayList with the ListBox
LeftListBox.ItemsSource = myDataList;
}
/// <summary>
/// Generate data. This method can bring data from a database or XML file
/// or from a Web service or generate data dynamically
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
private ArrayList LoadListBoxData()
{
ArrayList itemsList = new ArrayList();
itemsList.Add("Coffie");
itemsList.Add("Tea");
itemsList.Add("Orange Juice");
itemsList.Add("Milk");
itemsList.Add("Mango Shake");
itemsList.Add("Iced Tea");
itemsList.Add("Soda");
itemsList.Add("Water");
return itemsList;
}
Add按鈕事件中的代碼如下:
private void AddButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
// Find the right item and it's value and index
currentItemText = LeftListBox.SelectedValue.ToString();
currentItemIndex = LeftListBox.SelectedIndex;
RightListBox.Items.Add(currentItemText);
if (myDataList != null)
{
myDataList.RemoveAt(currentItemIndex);
}
// Refresh data binding
ApplyDataBinding();
}
/// <summary>
/// Refreshes data binding
/// </summary>
private void ApplyDataBinding()
{
LeftListBox.ItemsSource = null;
// Bind ArrayList with the ListBox
LeftListBox.ItemsSource = myDataList;
}
Remove按鈕事件中的代碼如下:
private void RemoveButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
// Find the right item and it's value and index
currentItemText = RightListBox.SelectedValue.ToString();
currentItemIndex = RightListBox.SelectedIndex;
// Add RightListBox item to the ArrayList
myDataList.Add(currentItemText);
RightListBox.Items.RemoveAt(RightListBox.Items.IndexOf
(RightListBox.SelectedItem));
// Refresh data binding
ApplyDataBinding();
}
Data Binding with a Database
ListBox跟SQL Server數據庫中數據的綁定。先看SQL Server數據庫中的表。如圖Figure 9:
Figure 9
在WPF中我們將讀取數據庫中的ContactName, Address, City, and Country字段。最終的ListBox顯示如圖Figure 10:
Figure 10
現在來看XAML文件,這個例子我們要用到資源,在其中創建DataTemplate 模板叫做listBoxTemplate。模板裏面有兩個DockPanel控件。
第一個中綁定的是名稱字段,第二個中綁定的是地址字段。資源中的代碼如下:
<Window.Resources>
<DataTemplate x:Key="listBoxTemplate">
<StackPanel Margin="3">
<DockPanel >
<TextBlock FontWeight="Bold" Text="Name:"
DockPanel.Dock="Left"
Margin="5,0,10,0"/>
<TextBlock Text=" " />
<TextBlock Text="{Binding ContactName}" Foreground="Green"FontWeight="Bold" />
</DockPanel>
<DockPanel >
<TextBlock FontWeight="Bold" Text="Address:" Foreground="DarkOrange"
DockPanel.Dock="Left"
Margin="5,0,5,0"/>
<TextBlock Text="{Binding Address}" />
<TextBlock Text=", " />
<TextBlock Text="{Binding City}" />
<TextBlock Text=", " />
<TextBlock Text="{Binding Country}" />
</DockPanel>
</StackPanel>
</DataTemplate>
</Window.Resources>
現在讓我們添加ListBox 控件並設置它的綁定源和綁定模板。
<ListBox Margin="17,8,15,26" Name="listBox1" ItemsSource="{Binding Tables[0]}"
ItemTemplate="{StaticResource listBoxTemplate}" />
再就是連接數據庫,獲得數據,已經綁定ListBox控件的後臺代碼。
private void Window_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
BindData();
}
private void BindData()
{
DataSet dtSet = new DataSet();
using (connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
{
command = new SqlCommand(sql, connection);
SqlDataAdapter adapter = new SqlDataAdapter();
connection.Open();
adapter.SelectCommand = command;
adapter.Fill(dtSet, "Customers");
listBox1.DataContext = dtSet;
}
}
Data Binding with XML
現在讓我們來看看怎麼綁定XML文件中的數據集到ListBox控件上。XML文件中的代碼如下:
<XmlDataProvider x:Key="BooksData" XPath="Inventory/Books">
<x:XData>
<Inventory xmlns="">
<Books>
<Book Category="Programming" >
<Title>A Programmer's Guide to ADO.NET</Title>
<Summary>Learn how to write database applications usingADO.NET and C#.
</Summary>
<Author>Mahesh Chand</Author>
<Publisher>APress</Publisher>
</Book>
<Book Category="Programming" >
<Title>Graphics Programming with GDI+</Title>
<Summary>Learn how to write graphics applications using GDI+and C#.
</Summary>
<Author>Mahesh Chand</Author>
<Publisher>Addison Wesley</Publisher>
</Book>
<Book Category="Programming" >
<Title>Visual C#</Title>
<Summary>Learn how to write C# applications.
</Summary>
<Author>Mike Gold</Author>
<Publisher>APress</Publisher>
</Book>
<Book Category="Programming" >
<Title>Introducing Microsoft .NET</Title>
<Summary>Programming .NET
</Summary>
<Author>Mathew Cochran</Author>
<Publisher>APress</Publisher>
</Book>
<Book Category="Database" >
<Title>DBA Express</Title>
<Summary>DBA's Handbook
</Summary>
<Author>Mahesh Chand</Author>
<Publisher>Microsoft</Publisher>
</Book>
</Books>
</Inventory>
</x:XData>
</XmlDataProvider>
接下來就是綁定XmlDataProvider。我們設置ItemsSource綁定到XmlDataProvider的x:Key值上。用XPath綁定XML中的數據。
模板裏面綁定屬性。XAML中的代碼,我們可以看到非常的簡潔。
<ListBox Width="400" Height="300" Background="LightGray">
<ListBox.ItemsSource>
<Binding Source="{StaticResource BooksData}"
XPath="*[@Category='Programming'] "/>
</ListBox.ItemsSource>
<ListBox.ItemTemplate>
<DataTemplate>
<StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
<TextBlock Text="Title: " FontWeight="Bold"/>
<TextBlock Foreground="Green" >
<TextBlock.Text>
<Binding XPath="Title"/>
</TextBlock.Text>
</TextBlock>
</StackPanel>
</DataTemplate>
</ListBox.ItemTemplate>
</ListBox>
運行後的界面如圖Figure 11:
Figure 11
Data Binding with Controls
最後一個例子看看ListBox怎麼樣和別的控件綁定。我們先來看看運行後的界面Figure 12:
Figure 12
選擇ListBox中的一個顏色,把選中的值賦給文本框,並且賦給Canvas控件,讓它改變顏色。以下就是XAML中的代碼:
<StackPanel Orientation="Vertical">
<TextBlock Margin="10,10,10,10" FontWeight="Bold">
Pick a color from below list
</TextBlock>
<ListBox Name="mcListBox" Height="100" Width="100"Margin="10,10,0,0" HorizontalAlignment="Left" >
<ListBoxItem>Orange</ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem>Green</ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem>Blue</ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem>Gray</ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem>LightGray</ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem>Red</ListBoxItem>
</ListBox>
<TextBox Height="23" Name="textBox1" Width="120" Margin="10,10,0,0"
HorizontalAlignment="Left" >
<TextBox.Text>
<Binding ElementName="mcListBox" Path="SelectedItem.Content"/>
</TextBox.Text>
</TextBox>
<Canvas Margin="10,10,0,0" Height="200" Width="200" HorizontalAlignment="Left">
<Canvas.Background>
<Binding ElementName="mcListBox" Path="SelectedItem.Content"/>
</Canvas.Background>
</Canvas>
</StackPanel>