WPF中ListBox的創建和多種綁定用法

本篇博文爲翻譯(http://www.c-sharpcorner.com/uploadfile/mahesh/listbox-in-wpf/),本篇博文主要介紹ListBox控件的創建和用法。<ListBox></ListBox>
先從最容易的開始演示ListBox控件的創建。

Adding ListBox Items
下面的代碼是向ListBox控件中添加多項ListBoxItem集合。XAML代碼如下:
<ListBox Margin="10,10,0,13" Name="listBox1" HorizontalAlignment="Left"
         VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="194" Height="200">
    <ListBoxItem Content="Coffie"></ListBoxItem>
    <ListBoxItem Content="Tea"></ListBoxItem>
    <ListBoxItem Content="Orange Juice"></ListBoxItem>
    <ListBoxItem Content="Milk"></ListBoxItem>
    <ListBoxItem Content="Iced Tea"></ListBoxItem>
    <ListBoxItem Content="Mango Shake"></ListBoxItem>
</ListBox>
運行後的界面如圖 Figure 1:

                Figure 1

Adding ListBox Items Dynamically
動態添加ListBox集合項。用一個文本框,一個按鈕。當點擊添加按鈕向ListBox控件中添加用法輸入文本框的值。XAML代碼如下:
<TextBox Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="8,14,0,0"
                 Name="textBox1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="127" />
<Button Height="23" Margin="140,14,0,0" Name="button1" VerticalAlignment="Top"
                HorizontalAlignment="Left" Width="76" Click="button1_Click">
            Add Item
</Button>
運行後的界面如圖Figure 2:

          Figure 2


Button按鈕的後臺事件代碼如下:
private void button1_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    listBox1.Items.Add(textBox1.Text);
}
當點擊添加按鈕,用戶輸入文本框的值,就會顯示到ListBox中。界面如圖Figure 3:

                Figure 3

Deleting ListBox Items
我們可以用ListBox.Items.Remove 或者 ListBox.Items.RemoveAt方法移除ListBox集合中的一項。RemoveAt 方法是用集合中的下標。
在XAML 代碼中添加一個移除的按鈕,代碼如下:
<Button Height="23" Margin="226,14,124,0" Name="DeleteButton" VerticalAlignment="Top" Click="DeleteButton_Click">
    Delete Item</Button>
按鈕事件中寫移除的邏輯。
private void DeleteButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
   listBox1.Items.RemoveAt
       (listBox1.Items.IndexOf(listBox1.SelectedItem));                 
}

Formatting and Styling
Formatting ListBox Items
格式ListBox項,設置ListBoxItem項的前景色和背景色。XAML中的代碼如下:
<ListBoxItem Background="LightCoral" Foreground="Red" Content="Coffie"></ListBoxItem>
我們也可以設置ListBoxItem的字體樣式。
<ListBoxItem Background="LightCoral" Foreground="Red" Content="Coffie" FontFamily="Verdana" FontSize="12"

FontWeight="Bold"></ListBoxItem>
現在來統一設置一下ListBoxItems的屬性:
<ListBoxItem Background="LightCoral" Foreground="Red" Content="Coffie" FontFamily="Verdana" FontSize="12"

FontWeight="Bold"></ListBoxItem>
            <ListBoxItem Background="LightGray" Foreground="Black" Content="Tea" FontFamily="Georgia" FontSize="14"

FontWeight="Bold"></ListBoxItem>
            <ListBoxItem Background="LightBlue" Foreground="Purple" Content="Orange Juice"
                         FontFamily="Verdana" FontSize="12" FontWeight="Bold"></ListBoxItem>
            <ListBoxItem Background="LightGreen" Foreground="Green" Content="Milk" FontFamily="Georgia" FontSize="14"

FontWeight="Bold"></ListBoxItem>
            <ListBoxItem Background="LightBlue" Foreground="Blue" Content="IcedTea"
                         FontFamily="Verdana" FontSize="12" FontWeight="Bold"></ListBoxItem>
            <ListBoxItem Background="LightSlateGray" Foreground="Orange" Content="Mango Shake"
                         FontFamily="Georgia" FontSize="14" FontWeight="Bold"></ListBoxItem>
運行後的界面如圖Figure 4:

                Figure 4

Displaying Images in a ListBox
在ListBoxItem 中放置圖片和文本,讓圖片和文本在一條線上。因爲ListBoxItem中只能添加一個文本,爲了添加多個文本,

需要藉助容器StackPanel 控件。下面的代碼段,ListBoxItem中增加了一個圖片和文字。
<ListBoxItem Background="LightCoral" Foreground="Red"
             FontFamily="Verdana" FontSize="12" FontWeight="Bold">
    <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
        <Image Source="coffie.jpg" Height="30"></Image>
        <TextBlock Text="Coffie"></TextBlock>
    </StackPanel>
</ListBoxItem>
運行後的效果如圖Figure 5:

                Figure 5

ListBox with CheckBoxes
在ListBoxItem中添加複選框。複選框中添加圖片和文本。XAML代碼如下:
<ListBoxItem Background="LightCoral" Foreground="Red"
             FontFamily="Verdana" FontSize="12" FontWeight="Bold">               
        <CheckBox Name="CoffieCheckBox">
            <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
            <Image Source="coffie.jpg" Height="30"></Image>
            <TextBlock Text="Coffie"></TextBlock>
        </StackPanel>
    </CheckBox>
</ListBoxItem>

我改變ListBoxItems 中的代碼向ListBoxItems 中添加CheckBox控件。設置CheckBox的Name屬性,當點擊圖片或者

文本時都可以選中CheckBox控件。
<ListBoxItem Background="LightCoral" Foreground="Red"
             FontFamily="Verdana" FontSize="12" FontWeight="Bold">               
        <CheckBox Name="CoffieCheckBox">
            <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
            <Image Source="coffie.jpg" Height="30"></Image>
            <TextBlock Text="Coffie"></TextBlock>
        </StackPanel>
    </CheckBox>
</ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem Background="LightGray" Foreground="Black"
             FontFamily="Georgia" FontSize="14" FontWeight="Bold">
    <CheckBox Name="TeaCheckBox">
        <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
            <Image Source="tea.jpg" Height="30"></Image>
            <TextBlock Text="Tea"></TextBlock>
        </StackPanel>
    </CheckBox>
</ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem Background="LightBlue" Foreground="Purple"
             FontFamily="Verdana" FontSize="12" FontWeight="Bold">
    <CheckBox Name="OrangeJuiceCheckBox">
        <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
            <Image Source="OrangeJuice.jpg" Height="40"></Image>
            <TextBlock Text="OrangeJuice"></TextBlock>
        </StackPanel>
    </CheckBox>
</ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem Background="LightGreen" Foreground="Green"
             FontFamily="Georgia" FontSize="14" FontWeight="Bold">
    <CheckBox Name="MilkCheckBox">
        <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
            <Image Source="Milk.jpg" Height="30"></Image>
            <TextBlock Text="Milk"></TextBlock>
        </StackPanel>
    </CheckBox>
</ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem Background="LightBlue" Foreground="Blue"
             FontFamily="Verdana" FontSize="12" FontWeight="Bold">
    <CheckBox Name="IcedTeaCheckBox">
        <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
            <Image Source="IcedTea.jpg" Height="30"></Image>
            <TextBlock Text="Iced Tea"></TextBlock>
        </StackPanel>
    </CheckBox>
</ListBoxItem>
<ListBoxItem Background="LightSlateGray" Foreground="Orange"
             FontFamily="Georgia" FontSize="14" FontWeight="Bold">
    <CheckBox Name="MangoShakeCheckBox">
        <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
            <Image Source="MangoShake.jpg" Height="30"></Image>
            <TextBlock Text="Mango Shake"></TextBlock>
        </StackPanel>
    </CheckBox>
</ListBoxItem>
運行後的結果如圖Figure 6:

              Figure 6
Data Binding
下面介紹ListBox跟對象,數據庫,XML文件以及其他控件的綁定。
Data Binding with Objects
ListBox 中的ItemsSource屬性綁定到ArrayList集合上。
// Bind ArrayList with the ListBox
LeftListBox.ItemsSource = LoadListBoxData();           
 

private ArrayList LoadListBoxData()
{
    ArrayList itemsList = new ArrayList();
    itemsList.Add("Coffie");
    itemsList.Add("Tea");
    itemsList.Add("Orange Juice");
    itemsList.Add("Milk");
    itemsList.Add("Mango Shake");
    itemsList.Add("Iced Tea");
    itemsList.Add("Soda");
    itemsList.Add("Water");
    return itemsList;
}
例子:從一個列表框的數據傳輸到另一個列表框中。點擊“Add按鈕”讓左邊的ListBox中的選中的數據添加到右邊ListBox中。

點擊“Remove按鈕”讓右邊選中的數據添加到左邊的ListBox中。運行後的界面如圖Figure 7:

                     Figure 7


XAML 代碼如下:
<ListBox Margin="11,13,355,11" Name="LeftListBox" />
<ListBox Margin="0,13,21,11" Name="RightListBox" HorizontalAlignment="Right"

Width="216" />
<Button Name="AddButton" Height="23" Margin="248,78,261,0" VerticalAlignment="Top"

 Click="AddButton_Click">Add &gt;&gt;</Button>
<Button Name="RemoveButton" Margin="248,121,261,117"Click="RemoveButton_Click">&lt;&lt; Remove</Button>
窗體加載事件中的代碼:
private void Window_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    // Get data from somewhere and fill in my local ArrayList
    myDataList = LoadListBoxData();
    // Bind ArrayList with the ListBox
    LeftListBox.ItemsSource = myDataList;           
}
 
/// <summary>
/// Generate data. This method can bring data from a database or XML file
/// or from a Web service or generate data dynamically
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
private ArrayList LoadListBoxData()
{
    ArrayList itemsList = new ArrayList();
    itemsList.Add("Coffie");
    itemsList.Add("Tea");
    itemsList.Add("Orange Juice");
    itemsList.Add("Milk");
    itemsList.Add("Mango Shake");
    itemsList.Add("Iced Tea");
    itemsList.Add("Soda");
    itemsList.Add("Water");
    return itemsList;
}

Add按鈕事件中的代碼如下:
private void AddButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    // Find the right item and it's value and index
    currentItemText = LeftListBox.SelectedValue.ToString();
    currentItemIndex = LeftListBox.SelectedIndex;
   
    RightListBox.Items.Add(currentItemText);
    if (myDataList != null)
    {
        myDataList.RemoveAt(currentItemIndex);
    }
 
    // Refresh data binding
    ApplyDataBinding();
}
 
/// <summary>
/// Refreshes data binding
/// </summary>
private void ApplyDataBinding()
{
    LeftListBox.ItemsSource = null;
    // Bind ArrayList with the ListBox
    LeftListBox.ItemsSource = myDataList;
}

Remove按鈕事件中的代碼如下:
private void RemoveButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    // Find the right item and it's value and index
    currentItemText = RightListBox.SelectedValue.ToString();
    currentItemIndex = RightListBox.SelectedIndex;
    // Add RightListBox item to the ArrayList
    myDataList.Add(currentItemText);
 
  RightListBox.Items.RemoveAt(RightListBox.Items.IndexOf

(RightListBox.SelectedItem));
 
    // Refresh data binding
    ApplyDataBinding();
}

Data Binding with a Database
ListBox跟SQL Server數據庫中數據的綁定。先看SQL Server數據庫中的表。如圖Figure 9:

          Figure 9


在WPF中我們將讀取數據庫中的ContactName, Address, City, and Country字段。最終的ListBox顯示如圖Figure 10:

                Figure 10

現在來看XAML文件,這個例子我們要用到資源,在其中創建DataTemplate 模板叫做listBoxTemplate。模板裏面有兩個DockPanel控件。

第一個中綁定的是名稱字段,第二個中綁定的是地址字段。資源中的代碼如下:
<Window.Resources>
    <DataTemplate x:Key="listBoxTemplate">
        <StackPanel Margin="3">
            <DockPanel >
                <TextBlock FontWeight="Bold" Text="Name:"
                  DockPanel.Dock="Left"
                  Margin="5,0,10,0"/>
                <TextBlock Text="  " />
                <TextBlock Text="{Binding ContactName}" Foreground="Green"FontWeight="Bold" />
            </DockPanel>
            <DockPanel >
                <TextBlock FontWeight="Bold" Text="Address:" Foreground="DarkOrange"
                  DockPanel.Dock="Left"
                  Margin="5,0,5,0"/>
                <TextBlock Text="{Binding Address}" />
                 <TextBlock Text=", " />
                <TextBlock Text="{Binding City}" />
                 <TextBlock Text=", " />
                <TextBlock Text="{Binding Country}" />
            </DockPanel>
        </StackPanel>
    </DataTemplate>
</Window.Resources>

現在讓我們添加ListBox 控件並設置它的綁定源和綁定模板。
<ListBox Margin="17,8,15,26" Name="listBox1"  ItemsSource="{Binding Tables[0]}"
                 ItemTemplate="{StaticResource listBoxTemplate}" />
再就是連接數據庫,獲得數據,已經綁定ListBox控件的後臺代碼。
private void Window_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    BindData();          
}
 
private void BindData()
{
    DataSet dtSet = new DataSet();
    using (connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
    {
        command = new SqlCommand(sql, connection);              
        SqlDataAdapter adapter = new SqlDataAdapter();          
        connection.Open();
        adapter.SelectCommand = command;
        adapter.Fill(dtSet, "Customers");
        listBox1.DataContext = dtSet;
    }
}

Data Binding with XML
現在讓我們來看看怎麼綁定XML文件中的數據集到ListBox控件上。XML文件中的代碼如下:
<XmlDataProvider x:Key="BooksData" XPath="Inventory/Books">
    <x:XData>
        <Inventory xmlns="">
            <Books>
                <Book Category="Programming" >
                    <Title>A Programmer's Guide to ADO.NET</Title>
                    <Summary>Learn how to write database applications usingADO.NET and C#.
                    </Summary>
                    <Author>Mahesh Chand</Author>
                    <Publisher>APress</Publisher>
                </Book>
                <Book Category="Programming" >
                    <Title>Graphics Programming with GDI+</Title>
                    <Summary>Learn how to write graphics applications using GDI+and C#.
                    </Summary>
                    <Author>Mahesh Chand</Author>
                    <Publisher>Addison Wesley</Publisher>
                </Book>
                <Book Category="Programming" >
                    <Title>Visual C#</Title>
                    <Summary>Learn how to write C# applications.
                    </Summary>
                    <Author>Mike Gold</Author>
                    <Publisher>APress</Publisher>
                </Book>
                <Book Category="Programming" >
                    <Title>Introducing Microsoft .NET</Title>
                    <Summary>Programming .NET
                    </Summary>
                    <Author>Mathew Cochran</Author>
                    <Publisher>APress</Publisher>
                </Book>
                <Book Category="Database" >
                    <Title>DBA Express</Title>
                    <Summary>DBA's Handbook
                    </Summary>
                    <Author>Mahesh Chand</Author>
                    <Publisher>Microsoft</Publisher>
                </Book>
            </Books>

        </Inventory>
    </x:XData>
</XmlDataProvider>

接下來就是綁定XmlDataProvider。我們設置ItemsSource綁定到XmlDataProvider的x:Key值上。用XPath綁定XML中的數據。

模板裏面綁定屬性。XAML中的代碼,我們可以看到非常的簡潔。
<ListBox Width="400" Height="300" Background="LightGray">
    <ListBox.ItemsSource>
        <Binding Source="{StaticResource BooksData}"
       XPath="*[@Category='Programming'] "/>
    </ListBox.ItemsSource>
 
    <ListBox.ItemTemplate>
        <DataTemplate>
            <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
                <TextBlock Text="Title: " FontWeight="Bold"/>
                <TextBlock Foreground="Green"  >
                    <TextBlock.Text>
                        <Binding XPath="Title"/>
                    </TextBlock.Text>                     
                </TextBlock>                    
           </StackPanel>
        </DataTemplate>
    </ListBox.ItemTemplate>
</ListBox>

運行後的界面如圖Figure 11:

               Figure 11


Data Binding with Controls
最後一個例子看看ListBox怎麼樣和別的控件綁定。我們先來看看運行後的界面Figure 12:

            Figure 12


選擇ListBox中的一個顏色,把選中的值賦給文本框,並且賦給Canvas控件,讓它改變顏色。以下就是XAML中的代碼:
<StackPanel Orientation="Vertical">
    <TextBlock Margin="10,10,10,10" FontWeight="Bold">
        Pick a color from below list
    </TextBlock>
    <ListBox Name="mcListBox" Height="100" Width="100"Margin="10,10,0,0" HorizontalAlignment="Left" >
        <ListBoxItem>Orange</ListBoxItem>
        <ListBoxItem>Green</ListBoxItem>
        <ListBoxItem>Blue</ListBoxItem>
        <ListBoxItem>Gray</ListBoxItem>
        <ListBoxItem>LightGray</ListBoxItem>
        <ListBoxItem>Red</ListBoxItem>
    </ListBox>
   <TextBox Height="23" Name="textBox1" Width="120" Margin="10,10,0,0"

HorizontalAlignment="Left"  >
        <TextBox.Text>
            <Binding ElementName="mcListBox" Path="SelectedItem.Content"/>
        </TextBox.Text>
    </TextBox>
    <Canvas Margin="10,10,0,0" Height="200" Width="200" HorizontalAlignment="Left">
        <Canvas.Background>
            <Binding ElementName="mcListBox" Path="SelectedItem.Content"/>
        </Canvas.Background>
    </Canvas>
</StackPanel>

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