前言
轉載的一篇ssh搭建框架文章
這篇博文的目的
- 嘗試搭建一個完整的SSH框架項目。
- 給以後的自己,也給別人一個參考。
讀博文前應該注意:
- 本文提綱:本文通過一個用戶註冊的實例講解SSH的整合。創建Struts項目,整合Hibernate,整合Spring。最後總結如何熟練創建SSH項目。
- 僅是創建SSH項目,對於其他的擴展例如Struts的國際化,Hibernate的緩存優化,Spring的AOP等,本博文涉及不到。想學習更多的東西請搜索其他博文。
- 本項目的環境:Windows 8-64位,Eclipse Indigo Service Release 2,Tomcat 7.0,Struts-2.2.3.1,spring-framework-3.2.3.RELEASE(本來使用Spring3.1,但是整合Spring的時候啓動服務器報錯。錯誤信息竟然是Spring框架中的方法參數空指針。。。對比Spring3.2版本後,發現在3.2種增加了判斷此參數是否爲空,所以最終改爲用Spring3.2.3的版本。詳細錯誤信息見本目錄下5),hibernate-release-4.0.0.CR6(整合Spring3時,可以啓動服務器,但是點擊註冊後調用UserDao類的getHibernateTemplate().save(Obj)時瀏覽器頁面報錯,但是服務器沒有反應。提示org.hibernate.SessionFactory中有沒有openSession(Interceptor
interceptor)
方法,但是Spring框架中的代碼Session session = (entityInterceptor != null ? sessionFactory.openSession(entityInterceptor) : sessionFactory.openSession())顯示用到該方法,雖然調用這段代碼的方法傳進來的entityInterceptor就爲null。。。網上搜索無果,所以最終在整合Spring的時候使用Hibernate-3.6.10.Final。詳細錯誤信息見本目錄下6),MySQL 5.5.28下的project數據庫。
- user表的創建腳本。
- create table user(
- userId int auto_increment,
- userName varchar(16) not null,
- password varchar(16) not null,
- gender int not null,
- primary key(userId)
- );
- 使用Spring3.1時出現錯誤的詳細信息。
- SEVERE: Context initialization failed
- org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sessionFactory' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.NullPointerException
- at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1445)
- at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:522)
- at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:459)
- at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:294)
- at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:225)
- at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:291)
- at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:193)
- at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:567)
- at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:913)
- at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:464)
- at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:381)
- at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:283)
- at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:111)
- at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4723)
- at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext$1.call(StandardContext.java:5226)
- at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext$1.call(StandardContext.java:5221)
- at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:334)
- at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:166)
- at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1110)
- at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:603)
- at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)
- Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
- at org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBuilder.scanPackages(LocalSessionFactoryBuilder.java:138)
- at org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(LocalSessionFactoryBean.java:294)
- at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1504)
- at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1442)
- ... 20 more
- 七月 13, 2013 6:48:44 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext listenerStart
- SEVERE: Exception sending context initialized event to listener instance of class org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
- org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sessionFactory' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.NullPointerException
- at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1445)
- at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:522)
- at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:459)
- at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:294)
- at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:225)
- at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:291)
- at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:193)
- at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:567)
- at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:913)
- at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:464)
- at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:381)
- at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:283)
- at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:111)
- at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4723)
- at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext$1.call(StandardContext.java:5226)
- at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext$1.call(StandardContext.java:5221)
- at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:334)
- at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:166)
- at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1110)
- at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:603)
- at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)
- Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
- at org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBuilder.scanPackages(LocalSessionFactoryBuilder.java:138)
- at org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(LocalSessionFactoryBean.java:294)
- at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1504)
- at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1442)
- ... 20 more
- 整合Spring時候,使用Hibernate時點擊註冊報錯信息。
- java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
- sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
- sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
- sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
- java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invokeAction(DefaultActionInvocation.java:452)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invokeActionOnly(DefaultActionInvocation.java:291)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:254)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.DefaultWorkflowInterceptor.doIntercept(DefaultWorkflowInterceptor.java:176)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.ValidationInterceptor.doIntercept(ValidationInterceptor.java:263)
- org.apache.struts2.interceptor.validation.AnnotationValidationInterceptor.doIntercept(AnnotationValidationInterceptor.java:68)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ConversionErrorInterceptor.intercept(ConversionErrorInterceptor.java:138)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ParametersInterceptor.doIntercept(ParametersInterceptor.java:207)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ParametersInterceptor.doIntercept(ParametersInterceptor.java:207)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.StaticParametersInterceptor.intercept(StaticParametersInterceptor.java:190)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- org.apache.struts2.interceptor.MultiselectInterceptor.intercept(MultiselectInterceptor.java:75)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- org.apache.struts2.interceptor.CheckboxInterceptor.intercept(CheckboxInterceptor.java:94)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- org.apache.struts2.interceptor.FileUploadInterceptor.intercept(FileUploadInterceptor.java:243)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ModelDrivenInterceptor.intercept(ModelDrivenInterceptor.java:100)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ScopedModelDrivenInterceptor.intercept(ScopedModelDrivenInterceptor.java:141)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- org.apache.struts2.interceptor.debugging.DebuggingInterceptor.intercept(DebuggingInterceptor.java:270)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ChainingInterceptor.intercept(ChainingInterceptor.java:145)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.PrepareInterceptor.doIntercept(PrepareInterceptor.java:171)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.I18nInterceptor.intercept(I18nInterceptor.java:176)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletConfigInterceptor.intercept(ServletConfigInterceptor.java:164)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.AliasInterceptor.intercept(AliasInterceptor.java:190)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ExceptionMappingInterceptor.intercept(ExceptionMappingInterceptor.java:187)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- org.apache.struts2.impl.StrutsActionProxy.execute(StrutsActionProxy.java:52)
- org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.serviceAction(Dispatcher.java:498)
- org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.ExecuteOperations.executeAction(ExecuteOperations.java:77)
- org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.doFilter(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:91)
- root cause
- java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: org.hibernate.SessionFactory.openSession()Lorg/hibernate/classic/Session;
- org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.SessionFactoryUtils.doGetSession(SessionFactoryUtils.java:323)
- org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.SessionFactoryUtils.getSession(SessionFactoryUtils.java:235)
- org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.getSession(HibernateTemplate.java:457)
- org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.doExecute(HibernateTemplate.java:392)
- org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.executeWithNativeSession(HibernateTemplate.java:374)
- org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.save(HibernateTemplate.java:683)
- com.ynwi.ssh.daoImpl.UserDao.saveObject(UserDao.java:12)
- com.ynwi.ssh.serviceImpl.UserManagerImpl.regUser(UserManagerImpl.java:23)
- com.ynwi.ssh.action.RegisterAction.execute(RegisterAction.java:29)
- sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
- sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
- sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
- java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invokeAction(DefaultActionInvocation.java:452)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invokeActionOnly(DefaultActionInvocation.java:291)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:254)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.DefaultWorkflowInterceptor.doIntercept(DefaultWorkflowInterceptor.java:176)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.ValidationInterceptor.doIntercept(ValidationInterceptor.java:263)
- org.apache.struts2.interceptor.validation.AnnotationValidationInterceptor.doIntercept(AnnotationValidationInterceptor.java:68)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ConversionErrorInterceptor.intercept(ConversionErrorInterceptor.java:138)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ParametersInterceptor.doIntercept(ParametersInterceptor.java:207)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ParametersInterceptor.doIntercept(ParametersInterceptor.java:207)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.StaticParametersInterceptor.intercept(StaticParametersInterceptor.java:190)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- org.apache.struts2.interceptor.MultiselectInterceptor.intercept(MultiselectInterceptor.java:75)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- org.apache.struts2.interceptor.CheckboxInterceptor.intercept(CheckboxInterceptor.java:94)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- org.apache.struts2.interceptor.FileUploadInterceptor.intercept(FileUploadInterceptor.java:243)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ModelDrivenInterceptor.intercept(ModelDrivenInterceptor.java:100)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ScopedModelDrivenInterceptor.intercept(ScopedModelDrivenInterceptor.java:141)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- org.apache.struts2.interceptor.debugging.DebuggingInterceptor.intercept(DebuggingInterceptor.java:270)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ChainingInterceptor.intercept(ChainingInterceptor.java:145)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.PrepareInterceptor.doIntercept(PrepareInterceptor.java:171)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.I18nInterceptor.intercept(I18nInterceptor.java:176)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletConfigInterceptor.intercept(ServletConfigInterceptor.java:164)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.AliasInterceptor.intercept(AliasInterceptor.java:190)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ExceptionMappingInterceptor.intercept(ExceptionMappingInterceptor.java:187)
- com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
- org.apache.struts2.impl.StrutsActionProxy.execute(StrutsActionProxy.java:52)
- org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.serviceAction(Dispatcher.java:498)
- org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.ExecuteOperations.executeAction(ExecuteOperations.java:77)
- org.apache.str
創建Struts項目
創建工程
- 在Eclipse中創建一個Dynamic Web Project,本文項目名稱爲SSHProject。
- 把Struts內apps文件夾下的struts2-blank war包用壓縮工具解壓,然後把WEB-INF/lib內的jar包和WEB-INF下的web.xml文件分別複製到SSHProject項目下的WEB-INF/lib內和WEB-INF下。
- 在src目錄下創建相應package。
- 在WebContent下創建Register.jsp文件,並分別創建註冊成功和註冊失敗的Success.jsp和Fail.jsp。
操作完成後的結構如圖所示:
編寫代碼
- web.xml的內容。
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <web-app id="WebApp_9" version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
- <display-name>SSH Project</display-name>
- <filter>
- <filter-name>SSH</filter-name>
- <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
- </filter>
- <filter-mapping>
- <filter-name>SSH</filter-name>
- <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
- </filter-mapping>
- <welcome-file-list>
- <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
- </welcome-file-list>
- </web-app>
- Register.jsp的內容。
- <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
- pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
- <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>
- <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
- <html>
- <head>
- <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
- <title>User Register Page</title>
- </head>
- <body>
- <s:form action="register">
- <s:textfield name="user.username" label="用戶名"></s:textfield>
- <s:password name="user.password" label="密碼"></s:password>
- <s:select list="#{'1':'男','0':'女'}" listKey="key" listValue="value"
- name="user.gender" label="性別" value="1"></s:select>
- <s:submit value="註冊"></s:submit>
- </s:form>
- </body>
- </html>
- 用戶表單類UserForm.java的內容。
- package com.ynwi.ssh.beans;
- public class UserForm {
- private String username;
- private String password;
- private int gender;
- public String getUsername() {
- return username;
- }
- public void setUsername(String username) {
- this.username = username;
- }
- public String getPassword() {
- return password;
- }
- public void setPassword(String password) {
- this.password = password;
- }
- public int getGender() {
- return gender;
- }
- public void setGender(int gender) {
- this.gender = gender;
- }
- }
- 註冊Action類RegisterAction.java的內容。
- package com.ynwi.ssh.action;
- import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
- import com.ynwi.ssh.beans.UserForm;
- import com.ynwi.ssh.service.UserManager;
- import com.ynwi.ssh.serviceImpl.UserManagerImpl;
- public class RegisterAction extends ActionSupport {
- private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
- private UserForm user;
- private UserManager userManager;
- public UserForm getUser() {
- return user;
- }
- public void setUser(UserForm user) {
- this.user = user;
- }
- public UserManager getUserManager() {
- return userManager;
- }
- public void setUserManager(UserManager userManager) {
- this.userManager = userManager;
- }
- public String execute() {
- try {
- this.setUserManager(new UserManagerImpl());
- userManager.regUser(user);
- return SUCCESS;
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- return ERROR;
- }
- }
- }
- 驗證文件RegisterAction-validation.xml的內容。該xml文件爲RegisterAction的驗證文件,命名格式固定,爲< ActionName >-validation.xml。
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?>
- <!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC "-//OpenSymphony Group//XWork Validator 1.0.2//EN"
- "http://www.opensymphony.com/xwork/xwork-validator-1.0.2.dtd">
- <validators>
- <!-- 添加對用戶名的校驗 -->
- <field name="user.username">
- <field-validator type="requiredstring">
- <param name="trim">true</param>
- <message>用戶名不能爲空</message>
- </field-validator>
- <field-validator type="regex">
- <param name="expression"><![CDATA[(\w{6,16})]]></param>
- <message>用戶名輸入不合法,必須爲長度在6~16中間的數字或字母</message>
- </field-validator>
- </field>
- <!-- 添加對密碼的校驗 -->
- <field name="user.password">
- <field-validator type="requiredstring">
- <param name="trim">true</param>
- <message>密碼不能爲空</message>
- </field-validator>
- <field-validator type="regex">
- <param name="expression"><![CDATA[(\w{6,16})]]></param>
- <message>密碼輸入不合法,必須爲長度在6~16之間的數字或者字母</message>
- </field-validator>
- </field>
- </validators>
- 業務邏輯接口UserManaer.java的內容。
- package com.ynwi.ssh.service;
- import com.ynwi.ssh.beans.UserForm;
- public interface UserManager {
- public void regUser(UserForm user);
- }
- 業務邏輯實現類UserManagerImpl.java的內容
- package com.ynwi.ssh.serviceImpl;
- import com.ynwi.ssh.beans.UserForm;
- import com.ynwi.ssh.service.UserManager;
- public class UserManagerImpl implements UserManager {
- @Override
- public void regUser(UserForm user) {
- }
- }
- 配置文件struts.xml的內容。
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
- <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
- "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
- "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
- <struts>
- <include file="struts-default.xml" />
- <package name="ynwi" extends="struts-default">
- <action name="register" class="com.ynwi.ssh.action.RegisterAction">
- <result name="input">/Register.jsp</result>
- <result name="success">/Success.jsp</result>
- <result name="error">/Fail.jsp</result>
- </action>
- </package>
- </struts>
Success.jsp和Fail.jsp僅僅只是一句提示註冊成功和失敗的話,這裏就不在列出。
運行效果
- 輸入訪問Register.jsp的地址http://localhost:9090/SSHProject/Register.jsp後。
- 輸入用戶名和密碼不合法時。
- 註冊成功時。
在Struts基礎上整合Hibernate
整合Hibernate
- 將Hibernate內的lib/required下的jar包和lib/jpa下的jar包複製到SSHProject項目的lib目錄下。
- 在上面Struts項目的基礎上添加com.ynwi.ssh.dao和com.ynwi.ssh.daoImpl包。分別創建BaseDao接口和UserDao類。
- 在數據庫中創建對應的表user來寫入要註冊的用戶。創建表的腳本見前言說明部分。
- 創建user表的Hibernate映射文件。因爲這裏要創建user表對應的POJO類,所以我這裏把之前com.ynwi.ssh.beans包改成com.ynwi.ssh.forms包,用來存放頁面傳過來的表單數據,新創建com.ynwi.ssh.beans包,用來創建POJO對象來對應數據庫中的表。路徑:POJO類同目錄。
- 建立Hibernate配置文件。路徑:src目錄下。
- 編寫Session工廠類。整合Spring後,數據源的創建和SessionFactory的創建都交給Spring去管理,就無需這個工廠類了,所以這裏我臨時創建在daoImpl包裏面。
- 修改業務邏輯實現類。
操作完成後的結構如圖所示:
編寫代碼
- 接口類BaseDao.java的內容。注意:接口裏的兩個get/set方法是爲了讓實現類覆蓋。這樣使用BaseDao dao = new UserDao()的時候,dao實體中有這兩個方法。
- package com.ynwi.ssh.dao;
- import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
- import org.hibernate.Session;
- public interface BaseDao {
- public void saveObject(Object obj) throws HibernateException;
- public Session getSession();
- public void setSession(Session session);
- }
- 實現類UserDao.java的內容。
- package com.ynwi.ssh.daoImpl;
- import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
- import org.hibernate.Session;
- import com.ynwi.ssh.dao.BaseDao;
- public class UserDao implements BaseDao {
- private Session session;
- @Override
- public Session getSession() {
- return session;
- }
- @Override
- public void setSession(Session session) {
- this.session = session;
- }
- @Override
- public void saveObject(Object obj) throws HibernateException {
- session.save(obj);
- }
- }
- 表user的POJO類User.java的內容,因爲跟UserForm.java內容差不多,所以不再列出。這個比UserForm.java多一個userId屬性,因爲在表user裏面有userId的column。在POJO類裏需要跟這個column有映射。
- POJO類User.java的Hibernate映射文件User.hbm.xml的內容。代碼<generator class="native"></generator>說明將根據本地數據庫的設置來創建userId,如MySQL中將表user的userId設置爲自動增長,則在保存記錄是,userId將自動增長。對於需要在程序中指定主鍵的值,則將generator的class屬性設置爲assigned。
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding='UTF-8'?>
- <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
- "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
- "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd" >
- <hibernate-mapping package="com.ynwi.ssh.beans">
- <class name="User" table="user">
- <id name="userId" column="userId">
- <generator class="native"></generator>
- </id>
- <property name="username" column="userName" type="java.lang.String"
- not-null="true" length="16"></property>
- <property name="password" column="password" type="java.lang.String"
- not-null="true" length="16" />
- <property name="gender" column="gender" type="java.lang.Integer" length="1" />
- </class>
- </hibernate-mapping>
- Hibernate配置文件Hibernate.cfg.xml的內容。
- <?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
- <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
- "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
- "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
- <hibernate-configuration>
- <session-factory>
- <!-- Database connection settings -->
- <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
- <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/project</property>
- <property name="connection.username">root</property>
- <property name="connection.password">root</property>
- <!-- JDBC connection pool (use the built-in) -->
- <!-- <property name="connection.pool_size">1</property> -->
- <!-- SQL dialect -->
- <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
- <!-- Enable Hibernate's automatic session context management -->
- <!-- <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property> -->
- <!-- Disable the second-level cache -->
- <!-- <property name="cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.internal.NoCacheProvider</property> -->
- <!-- Echo all executed SQL to stdout -->
- <property name="show_sql">true</property>
- <!-- Drop and re-create the database schema on startup -->
- <!-- <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property> -->
- <mapping resource="com/ynwi/ssh/beans/User.hbm.xml"/>
- </session-factory>
- </hibernate-configuration>
- 工廠類SessionFactory的內容。(這是使用Hibernate4時候的SessionFactory,Hibernate3時候sessionFactory的創建估計會不一樣,請自行查閱。)
- package com.ynwi.ssh.daoImpl;
- import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
- import org.hibernate.Session;
- import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
- import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
- import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
- import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder;
- public class HibernateSessionFactory {
- private static final String CFG_FILE_LOCATION = "/Hibernate.cfg.xml";
- private static final ThreadLocal<Session> threadLocal = new ThreadLocal<Session>();
- private static final Configuration cfg = new Configuration()
- .configure(CFG_FILE_LOCATION);
- private static ServiceRegistryBuilder builder = new ServiceRegistryBuilder()
- .applySettings(cfg.getProperties());
- private static ServiceRegistry registry;
- private static SessionFactory sessionFactory;
- public static Session currentSession() throws HibernateException {
- Session session = threadLocal.get();
- if (session == null || session.isOpen() == false) {
- if (sessionFactory == null) {
- try {
- registry = builder.buildServiceRegistry();
- sessionFactory = cfg.buildSessionFactory(registry);
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- session = sessionFactory.openSession();
- threadLocal.set(session);
- }
- return session;
- }
- public static void closeSession() throws HibernateException {
- Session session = threadLocal.get();
- threadLocal.set(null);
- if (session != null) {
- session.close();
- }
- }
- }
- 修改後的業務邏輯實現類的內容。
- package com.ynwi.ssh.serviceImpl;
- import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
- import org.hibernate.Session;
- import org.hibernate.Transaction;
- import com.ynwi.ssh.beans.User;
- import com.ynwi.ssh.dao.BaseDao;
- import com.ynwi.ssh.daoImpl.HibernateSessionFactory;
- import com.ynwi.ssh.daoImpl.UserDao;
- import com.ynwi.ssh.forms.UserForm;
- import com.ynwi.ssh.service.UserManager;
- public class UserManagerImpl implements UserManager {
- private BaseDao dao;
- private Session session;
- public UserManagerImpl() {
- dao = new UserDao();
- }
- @Override
- public void regUser(UserForm userForm) throws HibernateException {
- session = HibernateSessionFactory.currentSession();
- dao.setSession(session);
- // 獲取事務
- Transaction ts = session.beginTransaction();
- // 構造User對象
- User user = new User();
- user.setUsername(userForm.getUsername());
- user.setPassword(userForm.getPassword());
- user.setGender(userForm.getGender());
- // 保存User對象
- dao.saveObject(user);
- // 提交事務
- ts.commit();
- // 關閉Session
- HibernateSessionFactory.closeSession();
- }
- }
運行效果
- 輸入訪問Register.jsp的地址http://localhost:9090/SSHProject/Register.jsp後。
- 點擊註冊前後數據庫裏面的數據。
在Struts + Hibernate項目中整合Spring
整合Spring
- 將Spring內libs目錄下包含所有的jar包(不需要複製結尾爲sources和javadoc的jar包)到SSHProject項目的lib目錄下。
- 編寫Spring的配置文件applicationContext.xml。路徑:src目錄下,需要在web.xml配置context-param指定路徑,或者把該文件放在WEB-INF下,跟web.xml同目錄。這裏由於Spring配置數據源的需要,需要把Hibernate內lib/optional/c3p0下的c3p0-0.9.1.jar複製到lib不目下。
- 修改BaseDao和UserDao。在引入Spring後,需要用Spring進行統一的事務管理,數據源和sessionFactory都交給Spring去生成,因此接口類和實現類BaseDao和UserDao都需要做相應的修改。Spring提供了HibernateDaoSupport類來完成對數據的操作,因此UserDao在實現BaseDao的同時還需要繼承HibernateDaoSupport類。並將先前session的操作修改成HibernateTemplate(可通過getHibernateTemplate()方法來獲得)的操作。
- 修改業務邏輯實現類。在沒有加入Spring之前,業務邏輯實現類的Session的獲得,dao的實例化,以及事務的管理都是該類執行管理的。加入Spring後,這些都交給Spring去管理。該類的dao的實例化由Spring注入。
- 修改用戶註冊的RegisterAction類。同樣,RegisterAction類中的userManager的實例化也由Spring注入。
- 刪除Hibernate的配置文件Hibernate.cfg.xml和工廠類HibernateSesseionFactory類。他們的工作已經交給Spring去做,已經不再有用。
- 修改web.xml,加載Spring。要想啓動時加載Spring的配置文件,需要在web.xml中配置對應的監聽器(listenser),並制定Spring的配置文件。
- 修改Struts的配置文件struts.xml。把原來指定的名爲register的action的class由原來的路徑變爲applicationContext.xml文件中該Action的id。
操作完成後的結構如圖所示:
編寫代碼
- Spring的配置文件applicationContext.xml的內容。
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">
- <!-- 定義數據源的信息 -->
- <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"
- destroy-method="close">
- <property name="driverClass">
- <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
- </property>
- <property name="jdbcUrl">
- <value>jdbc:mysql://localhost/project</value>
- </property>
- <property name="user">
- <value>root</value>
- </property>
- <property name="password">
- <value>root</value>
- </property>
- <property name="maxPoolSize">
- <value>80</value>
- </property>
- <property name="minPoolSize">
- <value>1</value>
- </property>
- <property name="initialPoolSize">
- <value>1</value>
- </property>
- <property name="maxIdleTime">
- <value>20</value>
- </property>
- </bean>
- <!--定義Hibernate的SessionFactory -->
- <!-- SessionFactory使用的數據源爲上面的數據源 -->
- <!-- 指定了Hibernate的映射文件和配置信息 -->
- <bean id="sessionFactory"
- class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
- <property name="dataSource">
- <ref local="dataSource" />
- </property>
- <property name="mappingResources">
- <list>
- <value>com/ynwi/ssh/beans/User.hbm.xml</value>
- </list>
- </property>
- <property name="hibernateProperties">
- <props>
- <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
- <prop key="show_sql">true</prop>
- <prop key="hibernate.jdbc.batch_size">20</prop>
- </props>
- </property>
- </bean>
- <bean id="transactionManager"
- class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
- <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
- </bean>
- <bean id="baseDao" class="com.ynwi.ssh.daoImpl.UserDao">
- <property name="sessionFactory">
- <ref bean="sessionFactory" />
- </property>
- </bean>
- <!--用戶註冊業務邏輯類 -->
- <bean id="userManager" class="com.ynwi.ssh.serviceImpl.UserManagerImpl">
- <property name="dao">
- <ref bean="baseDao" />
- </property>
- </bean>
- <!-- 用戶註冊的Action -->
- <bean id="regAction" class="com.ynwi.ssh.action.RegisterAction">
- <property name="userManager">
- <ref bean="userManager" />
- </property>
- </bean>
- <!-- more bean definitions go here -->
- </beans>
- 修改後的接口類Dao和實現類UserDao的內容。
BaseDao.java
- package com.ynwi.ssh.dao;
- import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
- public interface BaseDao {
- public void saveObject(Object obj) throws HibernateException;
- }
- package com.ynwi.ssh.daoImpl;
- import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
- import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
- import com.ynwi.ssh.dao.BaseDao;
- public class UserDao extends HibernateDaoSupport implements BaseDao {
- @Override
- public void saveObject(Object obj) throws HibernateException {
- getHibernateTemplate().save(obj);
- }
- }
- 修改後的業務邏輯實現類UserManagerImpl的內容。
- package com.ynwi.ssh.serviceImpl;
- import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
- import org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils;
- import com.ynwi.ssh.beans.User;
- import com.ynwi.ssh.dao.BaseDao;
- import com.ynwi.ssh.forms.UserForm;
- import com.ynwi.ssh.service.UserManager;
- public class UserManagerImpl implements UserManager {
- private BaseDao dao;
- public void setDao(BaseDao dao) {
- this.dao = dao;
- }
- @Override
- public void regUser(UserForm userForm) throws HibernateException {
- User user = new User();
- BeanUtils.copyProperties(userForm, user);
- dao.saveObject(user);
- }
- }
- 修改後的用戶註冊Action類RegisterAction的內容。
- package com.ynwi.ssh.action;
- import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
- import com.ynwi.ssh.forms.UserForm;
- import com.ynwi.ssh.service.UserManager;
- public class RegisterAction extends ActionSupport {
- private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
- private UserForm user;
- private UserManager userManager;
- public UserForm getUser() {
- return user;
- }
- public void setUser(UserForm user) {
- this.user = user;
- }
- public void setUserManager(UserManager userManager) {
- this.userManager = userManager;
- }
- public String execute() {
- try {
- userManager.regUser(user);
- return SUCCESS;
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- return ERROR;
- }
- }
- }
- 修改後的web.xml的內容。
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <web-app id="WebApp_9" version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
- <display-name>SSH Project</display-name>
- <filter>
- <filter-name>SSH</filter-name>
- <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
- </filter>
- <filter-mapping>
- <filter-name>SSH</filter-name>
- <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
- </filter-mapping>
- <listener>
- <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
- </listener>
- <welcome-file-list>
- <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
- </welcome-file-list>
- </web-app>
- 修改後的Struts配置文件struts.xml的內容。
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
- <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
- "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
- "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
- <struts>
- <include file="struts-default.xml" />
- <package name="ynwi" extends="struts-default">
- <action name="register" class="regAction">
- <result name="input">/Register.jsp</result>
- <result name="success">/Success.jsp</result>
- <result name="error">/Fail.jsp</result>
- </action>
- </package>
- </struts>
運行結果
- 輸入訪問Register.jsp的地址http://localhost:9090/SSHProject/Register.jsp後。
- 點擊註冊前後數據庫裏面的數據。
總結
嘮叨
本來想創建Struts2 + Spring3 + Hibernate4的項目,結果行動之後才發現版本之間不兼容的現象挺嚴重(我自己是這麼認爲的,如果有大神看出來是我開發中出的問題導致麻煩告知下),不得不把Hibernate4換成Hibernate3。因爲中間換框架,所以導致此博文中整合Hibernate部分是否會報錯,不過最終的項目是可以執行的。我會把項目打包上傳到csdn資源上。可以點擊這裏下載。
如何快速開發SSH框架項目
- 創建Dynamic Web Project並且導入jar包。
- 我習慣上把classes文件夾由build文件夾內轉移到WEB-INF下。在項目上右鍵Build Path——〉Configure Build Path。設置Default output folder。
- 在WEB_INF下面創建web.xml並配置Struts的Filter和Spring的Listener。
- 在WEB-INF下面創建applicationContext.xml並配置數據源,sessionFactory,Transaction以及各Beans信息。
- 在src目錄下創建struts.xml用來配置action信息,模板可以從Struts空項目裏面拿。這裏的action對應的class應該爲applicationContext.xml內對應的class的bean的id。