CentOS 6.5中安裝MySQL5.5 (Linux系統)
注：下載 MySQL
Community Server下的Source Code包 否則會出現錯誤
1.安裝準備
配置防火牆，開啓3306端口：
[root@localhost src]# vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
注：這條規則應該添加到默認22端口的後面。(如上所示)
重啓防火牆，使其配置生效：
[root@localhost src]# /etc/init.d/iptables restart
關閉SELINUX:
[root@localhost src]# vi /etc/selinux/config
在最後面添加如下信息：
SELINUX=disabled
:x ←保存退出
重啓系統，使其生效：
[root@localhost src]# shutdown -r now
查看當前版本信息：
[feng@localhost Tools]$ rpm -qa|grep mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.61-4.el6.x86_64
卸載當前較低版本：(需要root權限)
[root@localhost Tools]# yum -y remove mysql-libs-5.1.61-4.el6.x86_64
2.安裝Cmake，爲MySQL編譯工具(版本：cmake-2.8.9.tar.gz，在/usr/local/src目錄中)
安裝gcc-c++，如果沒有當執行./bootstrap時報錯如下：
---------------------------------------------
CMake 2.8.9, Copyright 2000-2011 Kitware, Inc.
C compiler on this system is: cc
---------------------------------------------
Error when bootstrapping CMake:
Cannot find appropriate C++ compiler on this system.
Please specify one using environment variable CXX.
See cmake_bootstrap.log for compilers attempted.
---------------------------------------------
Log of errors: /usr/local/src/cmake-2.8.9/Bootstrap.cmk/cmake_bootstrap.log
---------------------------------------------
報錯：缺少gcc-C++編譯器
解決辦法：安裝gcc-c++編譯器
[root@localhost src]# yum install gcc-c++ ←安裝，選擇y安裝完成
[root@localhost src]# tar zxvf cmake-2.8.9.tar.gz ←解壓
[root@localhost src]# cd cmake-2.8.9
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.9]# ./bootstrap ←同執行./configure
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.9]# gmake ←編譯
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.9]# gmake install ←安裝
3.正式安裝
[root@localhost src]# tar zxvf mysql-5.5.27.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# cd mysql-5.5.27
安裝ncurses-devel包和bison包，否則執行cmake .時會出錯
缺少ncurses-devel包信息如下：
-- Could NOT find Curses (missing: CURSES_LIBRARY CURSES_INCLUDE_PATH)
CMake Error at cmake/readline.cmake:83 (MESSAGE):
Curses library not found. Please install appropriate package,
remove CMakeCache.txt and rerun cmake.On Debian/Ubuntu, package name is libncurses5-dev, on Redhat and derivates it is ncurses-devel.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
cmake/readline.cmake:127 (FIND_CURSES)
cmake/readline.cmake:217 (MYSQL_USE_BUNDLED_LIBEDIT)
CMakeLists.txt:268 (MYSQL_CHECK_READLINE)
-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
原因：缺少ncurses-devel包，需要先刪除CMakeCache.txt，再進行安裝
缺少bison包信息如下：
Warning: Bison executable not found in PATH
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /usr/local/src/mysql-5.5.27
原因：缺少bison包
爲了避免出錯，所以先安裝ncurses-devel包和bison包
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.27]# yum install ncurses-devel
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.27]# yum install bison
配置用戶和用戶組：
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.27]# groupadd mysql ←添加mysql用戶組
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.27]# useradd -g mysql mysql -s /bin/false ←創建mysql用戶，並加入到mysql組，不允許mysql用戶直接登錄系統
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.27]# mkdir -p /data/mysql ←創建數據庫存放目錄
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.27]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/ ←設置數據庫目錄權限
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.27]# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql ←設置安裝目錄
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.27]# cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc ←別漏了有個點。
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.27]# make && make install ←時間較長
4.配置
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.27]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# cp ./support-files/my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf ←拷貝配置文件，若存在則覆蓋
[root@localhost mysql]# vi /etc/my.cnf ←編輯，在[mysqld]下增加一行
datadir = /data/mysql
:x ←保存退出
[root@localhost mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql ←生成mysql系統數據庫
[root@localhost mysql]# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld ←把mysql加入系統啓動
[root@localhost mysql]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld ←增加執行權限
[root@localhost init.d]# chkconfig mysqld on ←加入開機啓動
[root@localhost init.d]# vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld ←編輯
basedir=/usr/local/mysql ←mysql程序安裝路徑
datadir=/data/mysql ←mysql數據存放vi 路徑
[root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld start ←啓動
成功則提示：Starting MySQL..... SUCCESS!
將mysql服務加入系統環境變量
[root@localhost mysql]# vi /etc/profile ←編輯
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin ←在最後加上:/usr/local/mysql/bin
[root@localhost mysql]# source /etc/profile ←使其配置生效
5.設置密碼
[root@localhost bin]# ./mysqladmin -u root password 123456 ←設置成功
設置成功後重新啓動！
[root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld restart
6.刪除匿名用戶
[feng@localhost ~]$ mysql -u root -p ←通過密碼登錄
Enter password: ←輸入密碼
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user; ←查看用戶信息
mysql> delete from mysql.user where user=""; ←刪除匿名用戶
