本人原創作品,謝絕轉載!
前一篇android 玩轉ContentProvider之二--實現多個ContentProvider對多張表進行操作中提到的是多個ContentProvider處理,一個ContentProvider對應一張表,下面說一下一個ContentProvider操作多張表的用法。
因爲只有一個ContentProvider,所以在ContentProvider中就要區別多張表,很明確一下子就找到解決問題的切入點。下面的方法就是這樣做的。也就是說authority只有一個,但Content_uri還是要有多個,因爲要對應多張表。下面看代碼:
直接操作數據類DatabaseHelper跟前面是一樣的
DatabaseHelper.java
package com.jacp.database;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;
import com.jacp.demo.provider.Provider;
/**
* 直接操作數據庫類
* @author jacp
*
*/
public class DatabaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
private static final String DATABASE_NAME = "jacp_demo.db";
private static final int DATABASE_VERSION = 1;
public DatabaseHelper(Context context) {
super(context, DATABASE_NAME, null, DATABASE_VERSION);
}
@Override
public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
db.execSQL("CREATE TABLE " + Provider.ProgrammerColumns.TABLE_NAME + " ("
+ Provider.ProgrammerColumns._ID + " INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,"
+ Provider.ProgrammerColumns.NAME + " TEXT,"
+ Provider.ProgrammerColumns.AGE + " INTEGER"
+ ");");
db.execSQL("CREATE TABLE " + Provider.LeaderColumns.TABLE_NAME + " ("
+ Provider.LeaderColumns._ID + " INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,"
+ Provider.LeaderColumns.NAME + " TEXT,"
+ Provider.LeaderColumns.TITLE + " TEXT,"
+ Provider.LeaderColumns.LEVEL + " INTEGER"
+ ");");
}
@Override
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
db.execSQL("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS " + Provider.ProgrammerColumns.TABLE_NAME);
db.execSQL("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS " + Provider.LeaderColumns.TABLE_NAME);
onCreate(db);
}
}
保存跟數據庫及表有關的常量,裏面只有一個authority:Provider.java
package com.jacp.demo.provider;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.provider.BaseColumns;
/**
* 保存數據庫中的常量
* @author jacp
*
*/
public class Provider {
// 這裏只有一個authority
public static final String AUTHORITY = "com.jacp.provider.demo.common";
public static final String CONTENT_TYPE = "vnd.android.cursor.dir/vnd.jacp.demo";
public static final String CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE = "vnd.android.cursor.item/vnd.jacp.demo";
/**
* 保存programmer表中用到的常量
* @author jacp
*
*/
public static final class ProgrammerColumns implements BaseColumns {
// 注意這個地方和下面LeaderColumns類中CONTENT_URI一樣,用的是同一個AUTHORITY
public static final Uri CONTENT_URI = Uri.parse("content://"+ AUTHORITY +"/programmers");
public static final String TABLE_NAME = "programmer";
public static final String DEFAULT_SORT_ORDER = "age desc";
public static final String NAME = "name";
public static final String AGE = "age";
}
/**
* 保存leader表中用到的常量
* @author mayliang
*
*/
public static final class LeaderColumns implements BaseColumns {
public static final Uri CONTENT_URI = Uri.parse("content://"+ AUTHORITY +"/leaders");
public static final String TABLE_NAME = "leader";
public static final String DEFAULT_SORT_ORDER = "level desc";
public static final String NAME = "name";
public static final String TITLE = "title";
public static final String LEVEL = "level";
}
}
對多張表數據進行增刪改查操作的ContentProvider類:CommonProvider.java
package com.jacp.demo.provider;
import java.util.HashMap;
import android.content.ContentProvider;
import android.content.ContentUris;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.content.UriMatcher;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.SQLException;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteQueryBuilder;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import com.jacp.database.DatabaseHelper;
/**
* 對programmer和leader表進行操作的ContentProvider
* @author jacp
*
*/
public class CommonProvider extends ContentProvider {
private static HashMap<String, String> sprogrammersProjectionMap;
private static final int PROGRAMMERS = 1;
private static final int PROGRAMMERS_ID = 2;
// 這裏要增加匹配項
private static final int LEADERS = 3;
private static final int LEADERS_ID = 4;
private static final UriMatcher sUriMatcher;
private DatabaseHelper mOpenHelper;
@Override
public boolean onCreate() {
mOpenHelper = new DatabaseHelper(getContext());
return true;
}
@Override
public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection, String[] selectionArgs,
String sortOrder) {
SQLiteQueryBuilder qb = new SQLiteQueryBuilder();
String orderBy;
switch (sUriMatcher.match(uri)) { // 這裏要對不同表的匹配結果做不同處理
case LEADERS:
case LEADERS_ID:
qb.setTables(Provider.LeaderColumns.TABLE_NAME);
// If no sort order is specified use the default
if (TextUtils.isEmpty(sortOrder)) {
orderBy = Provider.LeaderColumns.DEFAULT_SORT_ORDER;
} else {
orderBy = sortOrder;
}
break;
case PROGRAMMERS:
case PROGRAMMERS_ID:
qb.setTables(Provider.ProgrammerColumns.TABLE_NAME);
// If no sort order is specified use the default
if (TextUtils.isEmpty(sortOrder)) {
orderBy = Provider.ProgrammerColumns.DEFAULT_SORT_ORDER;
} else {
orderBy = sortOrder;
}
break;
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown URI " + uri);
}
switch (sUriMatcher.match(uri)) {
case LEADERS:
case PROGRAMMERS:
qb.setProjectionMap(sprogrammersProjectionMap);
break;
case PROGRAMMERS_ID:
qb.setProjectionMap(sprogrammersProjectionMap);
qb.appendWhere(Provider.ProgrammerColumns._ID + "=" + uri.getPathSegments().get(1));
break;
case LEADERS_ID:
qb.setProjectionMap(sprogrammersProjectionMap);
qb.appendWhere(Provider.LeaderColumns._ID + "=" + uri.getPathSegments().get(1));
break;
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown URI " + uri);
}
// Get the database and run the query
SQLiteDatabase db = mOpenHelper.getReadableDatabase();
Cursor c = qb.query(db, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null, null, orderBy);
// Tell the cursor what uri to watch, so it knows when its source data changes
c.setNotificationUri(getContext().getContentResolver(), uri);
return c;
}
@Override
public String getType(Uri uri) {
switch (sUriMatcher.match(uri)) { // 這裏也要增加匹配項
case LEADERS:
case PROGRAMMERS:
return Provider.CONTENT_TYPE;
case PROGRAMMERS_ID:
case LEADERS_ID:
return Provider.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE;
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown URI " + uri);
}
}
@Override
public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues initialValues) {
ContentValues values;
if (initialValues != null) {
values = new ContentValues(initialValues);
} else {
values = new ContentValues();
}
String tableName = "";
String nullColumn = "";
switch (sUriMatcher.match(uri)) { // 這裏要對不同表的匹配結果做不同處理
case LEADERS:
tableName = Provider.LeaderColumns.TABLE_NAME;
nullColumn = Provider.LeaderColumns.NAME;
// Make sure that the fields are all set
if (values.containsKey(Provider.LeaderColumns.NAME) == false) {
values.put(Provider.LeaderColumns.NAME, "");
}
if (values.containsKey(Provider.LeaderColumns.TITLE) == false) {
values.put(Provider.LeaderColumns.TITLE, "");
}
if (values.containsKey(Provider.LeaderColumns.LEVEL) == false) {
values.put(Provider.LeaderColumns.LEVEL, 0);
}
break;
case PROGRAMMERS:
tableName = Provider.ProgrammerColumns.TABLE_NAME;
nullColumn = Provider.ProgrammerColumns.NAME;
// Make sure that the fields are all set
if (values.containsKey(Provider.ProgrammerColumns.NAME) == false) {
values.put(Provider.ProgrammerColumns.NAME, "");
}
if (values.containsKey(Provider.ProgrammerColumns.AGE) == false) {
values.put(Provider.ProgrammerColumns.AGE, 0);
}
break;
default:
// Validate the requested uri
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown URI " + uri);
}
SQLiteDatabase db = mOpenHelper.getWritableDatabase();
long rowId = db.insert(tableName, nullColumn, values);
if (rowId > 0) {
Uri noteUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(uri, rowId);
getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(noteUri, null);
return noteUri;
}
throw new SQLException("Failed to insert row into " + uri);
}
@Override
public int delete(Uri uri, String where, String[] whereArgs) {
SQLiteDatabase db = mOpenHelper.getWritableDatabase();
int count;
switch (sUriMatcher.match(uri)) { // 這裏要對不同表的匹配結果做不同處理,注意下面用到的表名不要弄錯了
case PROGRAMMERS:
count = db.delete(Provider.ProgrammerColumns.TABLE_NAME, where, whereArgs);
break;
case PROGRAMMERS_ID:
String programmerId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
count = db.delete(Provider.ProgrammerColumns.TABLE_NAME, Provider.ProgrammerColumns._ID + "=" + programmerId
+ (!TextUtils.isEmpty(where) ? " AND (" + where + ')' : ""), whereArgs);
break;
case LEADERS:
count = db.delete(Provider.LeaderColumns.TABLE_NAME, where, whereArgs);
break;
case LEADERS_ID:
String leaderId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
count = db.delete(Provider.LeaderColumns.TABLE_NAME, Provider.LeaderColumns._ID + "=" + leaderId
+ (!TextUtils.isEmpty(where) ? " AND (" + where + ')' : ""), whereArgs);
break;
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown URI " + uri);
}
getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(uri, null);
return count;
}
@Override
public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String where, String[] whereArgs) {
SQLiteDatabase db = mOpenHelper.getWritableDatabase();
int count;
switch (sUriMatcher.match(uri)) { // 這裏要對不同表的匹配結果做不同處理,注意下面用到的表名不要弄錯了
case PROGRAMMERS:
count = db.update(Provider.ProgrammerColumns.TABLE_NAME, values, where, whereArgs);
break;
case PROGRAMMERS_ID:
String noteId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
count = db.update(Provider.ProgrammerColumns.TABLE_NAME, values, Provider.ProgrammerColumns._ID + "=" + noteId
+ (!TextUtils.isEmpty(where) ? " AND (" + where + ')' : ""), whereArgs);
break;
case LEADERS:
count = db.update(Provider.LeaderColumns.TABLE_NAME, values, where, whereArgs);
break;
case LEADERS_ID:
String leaderId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
count = db.update(Provider.LeaderColumns.TABLE_NAME, values, Provider.LeaderColumns._ID + "=" + leaderId
+ (!TextUtils.isEmpty(where) ? " AND (" + where + ')' : ""), whereArgs);
break;
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown URI " + uri);
}
getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(uri, null);
return count;
}
static {
sUriMatcher = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);
sUriMatcher.addURI(Provider.AUTHORITY, "programmers", PROGRAMMERS);
sUriMatcher.addURI(Provider.AUTHORITY, "programmers/#", PROGRAMMERS_ID);
// 這裏要增加另一張表的匹配項
sUriMatcher.addURI(Provider.AUTHORITY, "leaders", LEADERS);
sUriMatcher.addURI(Provider.AUTHORITY, "leaders/#", LEADERS_ID);
// 保存所有表用到的字段
sprogrammersProjectionMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
sprogrammersProjectionMap.put(Provider.ProgrammerColumns._ID, Provider.ProgrammerColumns._ID);
sprogrammersProjectionMap.put(Provider.ProgrammerColumns.NAME, Provider.ProgrammerColumns.NAME);
sprogrammersProjectionMap.put(Provider.ProgrammerColumns.AGE, Provider.ProgrammerColumns.AGE);
sprogrammersProjectionMap.put(Provider.ProgrammerColumns._ID, Provider.ProgrammerColumns._ID);
sprogrammersProjectionMap.put(Provider.ProgrammerColumns.NAME, Provider.ProgrammerColumns.NAME);
sprogrammersProjectionMap.put(Provider.LeaderColumns.TITLE, Provider.LeaderColumns.TITLE);
sprogrammersProjectionMap.put(Provider.LeaderColumns.LEVEL, Provider.LeaderColumns.LEVEL);
}
}
leader表對應的數據對象:
Leader.java
package com.jacp.pojos;
public class Leader {
public String name;
public String title;
public int level;
}
programmer表對應的數據對象:
Programmer.java
package com.jacp.pojos;
public class Programmer {
public String name;
public int age;
}
用Activity測試:
package com.jacp.demo;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.util.Log;
import com.jacp.demo.provider.Provider;
import com.jacp.pojos.Leader;
import com.jacp.pojos.Programmer;
public class ContentProviderDemoActivity extends Activity {
private static final String TAG = "ProviderActivity";
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
testLeader();
testProgrammer();
}
private void testProgrammer() {
Programmer p = new Programmer();
p.name = "jacp";
p.age = 99;
int id = insertProgrammer(p);
queryProgrammer(id);
}
private int insertProgrammer(Programmer programmer) {
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
values.put(Provider.ProgrammerColumns.NAME, programmer.name);
values.put(Provider.ProgrammerColumns.AGE, programmer.age);
Uri uri = getContentResolver().insert(Provider.ProgrammerColumns.CONTENT_URI, values);
Log.i(TAG, "insert uri="+uri);
String lastPath = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
if (TextUtils.isEmpty(lastPath)) {
Log.i(TAG, "insert failure!");
} else {
Log.i(TAG, "insert success! the id is " + lastPath);
}
return Integer.parseInt(lastPath);
}
private void queryProgrammer(int id) {
Cursor c = getContentResolver().query(Provider.ProgrammerColumns.CONTENT_URI, new String[] { Provider.ProgrammerColumns.NAME, Provider.ProgrammerColumns.AGE }, Provider.ProgrammerColumns._ID + "=?", new String[] { id + "" }, null);
if (c != null && c.moveToFirst()) {
Programmer p = new Programmer();
p.name = c.getString(c.getColumnIndexOrThrow(Provider.ProgrammerColumns.NAME));
p.age = c.getInt(c.getColumnIndexOrThrow(Provider.ProgrammerColumns.AGE));
c.close(); // 用完Cursor要釋放資源,如果Cursor沒有關閉系統會打出Error級別的Log
Log.i(TAG, "programmer.name="+p.name+"---programmer.age="+p.age);
} else {
Log.i(TAG, "query failure!");
}
}
private void testLeader() {
Leader leader = new Leader();
leader.name = "jacky";
leader.title = "CTO";
leader.level = 30;
int id = insertLeader(leader);
queryLeader(id);
}
private int insertLeader(Leader leader) {
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
values.put(Provider.LeaderColumns.NAME, leader.name);
values.put(Provider.LeaderColumns.TITLE, leader.title);
values.put(Provider.LeaderColumns.LEVEL, leader.level);
Uri uri = getContentResolver().insert(Provider.LeaderColumns.CONTENT_URI, values);
Log.i(TAG, "insert uri="+uri);
String lastPath = uri.getLastPathSegment();
if (TextUtils.isEmpty(lastPath)) {
Log.i(TAG, "insert failure!");
} else {
Log.i(TAG, "insert success! the id is " + lastPath);
}
return Integer.parseInt(lastPath);
}
private void queryLeader(int id) {
Cursor c = getContentResolver().query(Provider.LeaderColumns.CONTENT_URI, new String[] { Provider.LeaderColumns.NAME, Provider.LeaderColumns.TITLE, Provider.LeaderColumns.LEVEL }, Provider.LeaderColumns._ID + "=?", new String[] { id + "" }, null);
if (c != null && c.moveToFirst()) {
Leader leader = new Leader();
leader.name = c.getString(c.getColumnIndexOrThrow(Provider.LeaderColumns.NAME));
leader.title = c.getString(c.getColumnIndexOrThrow(Provider.LeaderColumns.TITLE));
leader.level = c.getInt(c.getColumnIndexOrThrow(Provider.LeaderColumns.LEVEL));
Log.i(TAG, "leader.name="+leader.name+"---leader.title="+leader.title+"---leader.level="+leader.level);
} else {
Log.i(TAG, "query failure!");
}
}
}
Manifest.xml文件中的配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.jacp.demo"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0" >
<uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" />
<application
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name" >
<activity
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:name=".ContentProviderDemoActivity" >
<intent-filter >
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<!-- 這裏只註冊了一個ContentProvider,要注意的地方和前面一樣 -->
<provider android:name=".provider.CommonProvider"
android:authorities="com.jacp.provider.demo.common" />
</application>
</manifest>
到此爲止ContentProvider用法總結基本結束,有人會問了,什麼時候用多個?什麼時候用一個?我給的答案是看個人習慣及自己的需求,如果覺得以後這張表會被刪除,那麼最好是分開寫,寫多個ContentProvider,這樣容易區分。有人又會問用ContentProvider不就是多餘的,項目裏面的數據不會跟外部共享,所以不需要ContentProvider,直接操作數據庫得了。也沒錯,用了ContentProvider基本上是公開了數據,但個人感覺用ContentProvider的好處是在項目架構上面降低了類與類之間的耦合性,直接用Content_uri就可以對錶進行操作,其它不管系統是怎麼調用的,感覺這一點還是比較好,所以推薦。
OK,就寫到這裏了,睡覺 ^ _ ^
demo下載地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/maylian7700/4150144