ASP.NET AJAX入門系列(5):使用UpdatePanel控件(二)

UpdatePanel可以用來創建豐富的局部更新Web應用程序,它是ASP.NET 2.0 AJAX Extensions中很重要的一個控件,其強大之處在於不用編寫任何客戶端腳本,只要在一個頁面上添加幾個UpdatePanel控件和一個ScriptManager控件就可以自動實現局部更新。通過本文來學習一下UpdatePanel其他的一些使用方法(第二篇)。

 

主要內容

1.用編程的方法控制UpdatePanel的更新

2UpdatePanel的嵌套使用

3.同一頁面上使用多個UpdatePanel

 

一.用編程的方法控制UpdatePanel的更新

對於UpdatePanel,我們也可以使用編程的方法來控制它的更新,可以通過ScriptManagerRegisterAsyncPostBackControl()方法註冊一個異步提交的控件,並且調用UpdatePanelUpdate()方法來讓它更新。再次用我在前面的文章中用到的一個無聊的時間更新例子來看一下,有時候我覺得例子過於複雜更加不好說明白所要講的內容,如下代碼所示,注意Button1並不包含在UpdatePanel中:

 

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="_Default" %>

<script runat="server">

    
void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

    
{

        
this.Label2.Text = DateTime.Now.ToString();

    }


</script>

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<head runat="server">

    
<title>Refreshing an UpdatePanel Programmatically</title>

</head>

<body>

    
<form id="form1" runat="server">

        
<asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" runat="server"/>

        
<div>

            
<asp:UpdatePanel ID="UpdatePanel1" runat="server" UpdateMode="Conditional">

                
<ContentTemplate>

                    
<asp:Label ID="Label1" runat="server" Text="更新時間:"></asp:Label>

                    
<asp:Label ID="Label2" runat="server" Text="Label" ForeColor="Red"></asp:Label><br/><br/>

                    

                
</ContentTemplate>

            
</asp:UpdatePanel>

             
<asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" Text="Button"  OnClick = "Button1_Click"/>

        
</div>

    
</form>

</body>

</html>

這時候不用多說,肯定是整頁提交了,運行如下圖所示:

再次修改上面的例子,使用ScriptManagerRegisterAsyncPostBackControl()註冊Button1爲一個異步提交控件,並且調用UpdatePanelUpdate()方法:

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="_Default" %>

<script runat="server">

    
void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)

    
{

        ScriptManager1.RegisterAsyncPostBackControl(Button1);

    }


    

    
void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

    
{

        
this.Label2.Text = DateTime.Now.ToString();

        
this.UpdatePanel1.Update();

    }


</script>

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<head runat="server">

    
<title>Refreshing an UpdatePanel Programmatically</title>

</head>

<body>

    
<form id="form1" runat="server">

        
<asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" runat="server"/>

        
<div>

            
<asp:UpdatePanel ID="UpdatePanel1" runat="server" UpdateMode="Conditional">

                
<ContentTemplate>

                    
<asp:Label ID="Label1" runat="server" Text="更新時間:"></asp:Label>

                    
<asp:Label ID="Label2" runat="server" Text="Label" ForeColor="Red"></asp:Label><br/><br/>

                    

                
</ContentTemplate>

            
</asp:UpdatePanel>

             
<asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" Text="Button"  OnClick = "Button1_Click"/>

        
</div>

    
</form>

</body>

</html>

這時候可以看到,已經是異步提交了:

二. UpdatePanel的嵌套使用

UpdatePanel還可以嵌套使用,即在一個UpdatePanelContentTemplate中還可以放入另一個UpdatePanel。當最外面的UpdatePanel被觸發更新時,它裏面的子UpdatePanel也隨着更新,裏面的UpdatePanel觸發更新時,只更新它自己,而不會更新外層的UpdatePanel。看下面的例子:

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Default2.aspx.cs" Inherits="Default2" %>

<script runat="server">

</script>

 

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<head id="Head1" runat="server">

    
<title>UpdatePanelUpdateMode Example</title>

    
<style type="text/css">

    div.NestedPanel

    
{

      position
: relative;

      margin
: 2% 5% 2% 5%;

    
}


    
</style>

</head>

<body>

    
<form id="form1" runat="server">

        
<div>

            
<asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager" 

                               runat
="server" />

            
<asp:UpdatePanel ID="OuterPanel" 

                             UpdateMode
="Conditional" 

                             runat
="server">

                
<ContentTemplate>

                    
<div>

                        
<fieldset>

                            
<legend>Outer Panel </legend>

                            
<br />

                            
<asp:Button ID="OPButton1" 

                                        Text
="Outer Panel Button" 

                                        runat
="server" />

                            
<br />

                            Last updated on

                            
<%= DateTime.Now.ToString() %>

                            
<br />

                            
<br />

                            
<asp:UpdatePanel ID="NestedPanel1" 

                                               UpdateMode
="Conditional"

                                               runat
="server">

                                
<ContentTemplate>

                                    
<div class="NestedPanel">

                                        
<fieldset>

                                            
<legend>Nested Panel 1</legend>

                                            
<br />

                                            Last updated on

                                            
<%= DateTime.Now.ToString() %>

                                            
<br />

                                            
<asp:Button ID="NPButton1"

                                                        Text
="Nested Panel 1 Button" 

                                                        runat
="server" />

                                        
</fieldset>

                                    
</div>

                                
</ContentTemplate>

                            
</asp:UpdatePanel>

                        
</fieldset>

                    
</div>

                
</ContentTemplate>

            
</asp:UpdatePanel>

        
</div>

    
</form>

</body>

</html>

運行後如下:

 

三.同一頁面上使用多個UpdatePanel

使用UpdatePanel的時候並沒有限制在一個頁面上用多少個UpdatePanel,所以我們可以爲不同的需要局部更新的頁面區域加上不同的UpdatePanel。由於UpdatePanel默認的UpdateModeAlways,如果頁面上有一個局部更新被觸發,則所有的UpdatePanel都將更新,這是我們不願看到的,我們只需要UpdatePanel在它自己的觸發器觸發的時候更新就可以了,所以需要把UpdateMode設置爲Conditional

來看一下官方網站上提供的一個例子:包括兩個UpdatePanel,其中一個用來用戶輸入而另一個則用來顯示數據,每一個UpdatePanelUpdateMode屬性都設置爲Conditional。當我們單擊Cancel按鈕時,只有用來用戶輸入的那個UpdatePanel刷新,當單擊Insert按鈕時,兩個UpdatePanel都刷新。代碼如下:

 

<%@ Page Language="C#" %>

<%@ Import Namespace="System.Collections.Generic" %>

 

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >

<head id="Head1" runat="server">

    
<title>Enter New Employees</title>

    
<script runat="server">

        private List
<Employee> EmployeeList;

 

        protected 
void Page_Load()

        
{

            
if (!IsPostBack)

            
{

                EmployeeList 
= new List<Employee>();

                EmployeeList.Add(
new Employee(1"Jump""Dan"));

                EmployeeList.Add(
new Employee(2"Kirwan""Yvette"));

                ViewState[
"EmployeeList"= EmployeeList;

            }


            
else

                EmployeeList 
= (List<Employee>)ViewState["EmployeeList"];

            

            EmployeesGridView.DataSource 
= EmployeeList;

            EmployeesGridView.DataBind();

        }


        

        protected 
void InsertButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        
{

            
if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(FirstNameTextBox.Text) ||

               String.IsNullOrEmpty(LastNameTextBox.Text)) 
return; }

 

            
int employeeID = EmployeeList[EmployeeList.Count-1].EmployeeID + 1;

            

            string lastName 
= Server.HtmlEncode(FirstNameTextBox.Text);

            string firstName 
= Server.HtmlEncode(LastNameTextBox.Text);

            

            FirstNameTextBox.Text 
= String.Empty;

            LastNameTextBox.Text 
= String.Empty;

            

            EmployeeList.Add(
new Employee(employeeID, lastName, firstName));

            ViewState[
"EmployeeList"= EmployeeList;

            

            EmployeesGridView.DataBind();

            EmployeesGridView.PageIndex 
= EmployeesGridView.PageCount;

        }


 

        protected 
void CancelButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        
{

            FirstNameTextBox.Text 
= String.Empty;

            LastNameTextBox.Text 
= String.Empty;

        }


    

        [Serializable]

        public class Employee

        
{

            private 
int _employeeID;

            private string _lastName;

            private string _firstName;

 

            public 
int EmployeeID

            
{

                get 
return _employeeID; }

            }


            

            public string LastName

            
{

                get 
return _lastName; }

            }


            

            public string FirstName

            
{

                get 
return _firstName; }

            }


            

            public Employee(
int employeeID, string lastName, string firstName)

            
{

                _employeeID 
= employeeID;

                _lastName 
= lastName;

                _firstName 
= firstName;

            }


        }


 

    
</script>

</head>

<body>

    
<form id="form1" runat="server">

    
<div>

        
&nbsp;</div>

        
<asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" runat="server" EnablePartialRendering="true" />

        
<table>

            
<tr>

                
<td style="height: 206px" valign="top">

                    
<asp:UpdatePanel ID="InsertEmployeeUpdatePanel" runat="server" UpdateMode="Conditional">

                        
<ContentTemplate>

                          
<table cellpadding="2" border="0" style="background-color:#7C6F57">

                            
<tr>

                              
<td><asp:Label ID="FirstNameLabel" runat="server" AssociatedControlID="FirstNameTextBox" 

                                             Text
="First Name" ForeColor="White" /></td>

                              
<td><asp:TextBox runat="server" ID="FirstNameTextBox" /></td>

                            
</tr>

                            
<tr>

                              
<td><asp:Label ID="LastNameLabel" runat="server" AssociatedControlID="LastNameTextBox" 

                                             Text
="Last Name" ForeColor="White" /></td>

                              
<td><asp:TextBox runat="server" ID="LastNameTextBox" /></td>

                            
</tr>

                            
<tr>

                              
<td></td>

                              
<td>

                                
<asp:LinkButton ID="InsertButton" runat="server" Text="Insert" OnClick="InsertButton_Click" ForeColor="White" />

                                
<asp:LinkButton ID="Cancelbutton" runat="server" Text="Cancel" OnClick="CancelButton_Click" ForeColor="White" />

                              
</td>

                            
</tr>

                          
</table>

                          
<asp:Label runat="server" ID="InputTimeLabel"><%=DateTime.Now %></asp:Label>

                        
</ContentTemplate>

                    
</asp:UpdatePanel>

                
</td>

                
<td style="height: 206px" valign="top">

                    
<asp:UpdatePanel ID="EmployeesUpdatePanel" runat="server" UpdateMode="Conditional">

                        
<ContentTemplate>

                            
<asp:GridView ID="EmployeesGridView" runat="server" BackColor="LightGoldenrodYellow" BorderColor="Tan"

                                BorderWidth
="1px" CellPadding="2" ForeColor="Black" GridLines="None" AutoGenerateColumns="False">

                                
<FooterStyle BackColor="Tan" />

                                
<SelectedRowStyle BackColor="DarkSlateBlue" ForeColor="GhostWhite" />

                                
<PagerStyle BackColor="PaleGoldenrod" ForeColor="DarkSlateBlue" HorizontalAlign="Center" />

                                
<HeaderStyle BackColor="Tan" Font-Bold="True" />

                                
<AlternatingRowStyle BackColor="PaleGoldenrod" />

                                
<Columns>

                                    
<asp:BoundField DataField="EmployeeID" HeaderText="Employee ID" />

                                    
<asp:BoundField DataField="LastName" HeaderText="Last Name" />

                                    
<asp:BoundField DataField="FirstName" HeaderText="First Name" />

                                
</Columns>

                                
<PagerSettings PageButtonCount="5" />

                            
</asp:GridView>

                            
<asp:Label runat="server" ID="ListTimeLabel"><%=DateTime.Now %></asp:Label>

                        
</ContentTemplate>

                        
<Triggers>

                            
<asp:AsyncPostBackTrigger ControlID="InsertButton" EventName="Click" />

                        
</Triggers>

                    
</asp:UpdatePanel>

                
</td>

            
</tr>

        
</table>

    
</form>

</body>

</html>

運行後效果如下:

 

示例代碼下載:http://files.cnblogs.com/Terrylee/ASPNETAJAXUpdatePanelDemo2.rar

作者:TerryLee
出處:http://terrylee.cnblogs.com
本文版權歸作者和博客園共有,歡迎轉載,但未經作者同意必須保留此段聲明,且在文章頁面明顯位置給出原文連接,否則保留追究法律責任的權利。
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