Java String轉int

注意事項：

1. 判斷length是否大於0

2. 判斷第一個字符是否是‘-’

3. 設置int值邊界

4. while loop時對每一個字符要判斷是否大於0， 小於10

例子：
     * parseInt("0", 10) returns 0
     * parseInt("473", 10) returns 473
     * parseInt("-0", 10) returns 0
     * parseInt("2147483647", 10) returns 2147483647
     * parseInt("2147483648", 10) throws a NumberFormatException
     * parseInt("99", 8) throws a NumberFormatException
     * parseInt("Kona", 10) throws a NumberFormatException
     * parseInt("-2147483648", 10) returns -2147483648

以下是Java SE6.0 Integer parseInt()的代碼(第二個參數radix表示可以parse多種進制)：

    public static int parseInt(String s, int radix)
		throws NumberFormatException
    {
        if (s == null) {
            throw new NumberFormatException("null");
        }

	if (radix < Character.MIN_RADIX) {
	    throw new NumberFormatException("radix " + radix +
					    " less than Character.MIN_RADIX");
	}

	if (radix > Character.MAX_RADIX) {
	    throw new NumberFormatException("radix " + radix +
					    " greater than Character.MAX_RADIX");
	}

	int result = 0;
	boolean negative = false;
	int i = 0, max = s.length();
	int limit;
	int multmin;
	int digit;

	if (max > 0) {
	    if (s.charAt(0) == '-') {
		negative = true;
		limit = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
		i++;
	    } else {
		limit = -Integer.MAX_VALUE;
	    }
	    multmin = limit / radix;
	    if (i < max) {
		digit = Character.digit(s.charAt(i++),radix);
		if (digit < 0) {
		    throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s);
		} else {
		    result = -digit;
		}
	    }
	    while (i < max) {
		// Accumulating negatively avoids surprises near MAX_VALUE
		digit = Character.digit(s.charAt(i++),radix);
		if (digit < 0) {
		    throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s);
		}
		if (result < multmin) {
		    throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s);
		}
		result *= radix;
		if (result < limit + digit) {
		    throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s);
		}
		result -= digit;
	    }
	} else {
	    throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s);
	}
	if (negative) {
	    if (i > 1) {
		return result;
	    } else {	/* Only got "-" */
		throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s);
	    }
	} else {
	    return -result;
	}
    }