CPU頻率的計算使用了兩個函數init_cpu_khz()和calibrate_tsc()
----------------------------arch/i386/kernel/timers/Common.c--------------------
//tsc_quotient中保存通過calibrate_tsc()計算得出(CPU單個時鐘週期的微秒數)*(2^32)的值,然後用1毫秒的微秒數即1000乘以2^32,再除以tsc_quotient,
//分子分母中的2^32抵消,最後的結果是1毫秒內的時鐘週期數,即cpu頻率的khz數
/* calculate cpu_khz */
void __init init_cpu_khz(void)
{
if (cpu_has_tsc) {
unsigned long tsc_quotient = calibrate_tsc();
if (tsc_quotient) {
/* report CPU clock rate in Hz.
* The formula is (10^6 * 2^32) / (2^32 * 1 / (clocks/us)) =
* clock/second. Our precision is about 100 ppm.
*/
{ unsigned long eax=0, edx=1000;
__asm__("divl %2"
:"=a" (cpu_khz), "=d" (edx)
:"r" (tsc_quotient),
"0" (eax), "1" (edx));
printk("Detected %lu.%03lu MHz processor.\n", cpu_khz / 1000, cpu_khz % 1000);
}
}
}
}
----------------------------arch/i386/kernel/timers/Common.c--------------------
//計算並返回(CPU單個時鐘週期的微秒數)*(2^32)的值
unsigned long __init calibrate_tsc(void)
{
mach_prepare_counter();//設置5ms的計數器
{
unsigned long startlow, starthigh;
unsigned long endlow, endhigh;
unsigned long count;
rdtsc(startlow,starthigh);//讀取起始時間戳
mach_countup(&count);//等待5ms
rdtsc(endlow,endhigh);//讀取結束時間戳
/* Error: ECTCNEVERSET */
if (count <= 1)
goto bad_ctc;
//計算時間戳的計數差值,即5ms中CPU收到的時鐘脈衝數
/* 64-bit subtract - gcc just messes up with long longs */
__asm__("subl %2,%0\n\t"
"sbbl %3,%1"
:"=a" (endlow), "=d" (endhigh)
:"g" (startlow), "g" (starthigh),
"0" (endlow), "1" (endhigh));
/* Error: ECPUTOOFAST */
if (endhigh)
goto bad_ctc;
/* Error: ECPUTOOSLOW */
if (endlow <= CALIBRATE_TIME)
goto bad_ctc;
//計算出(每個clock的微秒數)*(2^32)的值並返回
__asm__("divl %2"
:"=a" (endlow), "=d" (endhigh)
:"r" (endlow), "0" (0), "1" (CALIBRATE_TIME));
return endlow;
}
/*
* The CTC wasn't reliable: we got a hit on the very first read,
* or the CPU was so fast/slow that the quotient wouldn't fit in
* 32 bits..
*/
bad_ctc:
return 0;
}