環境:
OS:Red Hat Linux As 5
DB:Oracle 10.2.0.4
通常情況下,字符集是在安裝的時候選定好的,需要修改數據庫的字符集Oracle建議的做法是重建數據庫(EXP/EXPDP導出後再導入),雖然Oracle官方文檔也有說如何修改字符集,但這不是Orale推薦的方法.下面是Oracle官方文檔中提到的如何修改字符集的方法.
alter database datafile '' offline drop
1.查看當前數據庫字符集
select * from nls_database_parameters
where parameter='NLS_CHARACTERSET';
-----------------------------------
PARAMETER VALUE
NLS_CHARACTERSET WE8ISO8859P1
這裏的字符集WE8ISO8859P1是不支持中文的
2.將字符集修改爲中文字符集ZHS16GBK
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> STARTUP MOUNT;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 734003200 bytes
Fixed Size 1221564 bytes
Variable Size 264244292 bytes
Database Buffers 465567744 bytes
Redo Buffers 2969600 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;
System altered.
SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
Database altered.
SQL> ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK;
ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set
SQL> ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE ZHS16GBK;
alter system disable restricted session;
Database altered.
SQL> SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 734003200 bytes
Fixed Size 1221564 bytes
Variable Size 264244292 bytes
Database Buffers 465567744 bytes
Redo Buffers 2969600 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
這樣將數據庫的字符集由原來的WE8ISO8859P1修改成了ZHS16GBK,對原來的字符集有中文的顯示的還是亂碼,但對新入庫的中文字符集就能正常顯示.