ubuntu 8.04下使用命令行方式實現無線上網

 

手頭有一塊無線網卡，升級到ubuntu8.04之後就再沒試過，今天心血來潮又嘗試了一下，總算是成功了，特此記錄如下。

環境

操作系統：ubuntu 8.04.1
型號：TP-LINK TL-WN510G
芯片： Atheros Communications Inc. AR2413 802.11bg NIC (rev 01)
速率：54Mbps
支持協議：802.11g

1.插入無線網卡
查看一下網絡設置，看看是否多出來了兩個設備

jim@jim-laptop:~$ ifconfig
ath0      Link encap:以太網  硬件地址 00:19:e0:85:73:70  
          inet 地址:192.168.1.104  廣播:255.255.255.255  掩碼:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  躍點數:1
          接收數據包:953 錯誤:0 丟棄:0 過載:0 幀數:0
          發送數據包:1159 錯誤:0 丟棄:0 過載:0 載波:0
          碰撞:0 發送隊列長度:0 
          接收字節:602879 (588.7 KB)  發送字節:282563 (275.9 KB)
wifi0     Link encap:未指定  硬件地址 00-19-E0-85-73-70-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00  
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  躍點數:1
          接收數據包:18704 錯誤:0 丟棄:0 過載:0 幀數:7185
          發送數據包:2060 錯誤:6 丟棄:0 過載:0 載波:0
          碰撞:0 發送隊列長度:199 
          接收字節:2828917 (2.6 MB)  發送字節:351821 (343.5 KB)
          中斷:18 

只要看見ath0就說明網卡設備設別出來了，ath0就是無線網卡設備的名字了，至於那個wifi0是個什麼東東，不好意思，本人才疏學淺不知道。

2.確認無線網卡的型號

jim@jim-laptop:~$ lspci
......
0b:00.0 Ethernet controller: Atheros Communications Inc. AR2413 802.11bg NIC (rev 01)

上面的 Atheros Communications Inc. AR2413 802.11bg NIC 就是無線網卡芯片的型號了，其中 Atheros是芯片製造商的名字。

3.打開無線網卡電源

jim@jim-laptop:~$ sudo iwconfig ath0 txpower on
jim@jim-laptop:~$

4.檢索區域內的無線網絡

jim@jim-laptop:~$ iwlist ath0 scan
ath0      Scan completed :
          Cell 01 - Address: 00:1D:0F:4D:8B:E4
                    ESSID:"TP-LINK"
                    Mode:Master
                    Frequency:2.437 GHz (Channel 6)
                    Quality=28/70  Signal level=-67 dBm  Noise level=-95 dBm
                    Encryption key:off
                    Bit Rates:1 Mb/s; 2 Mb/s; 5.5 Mb/s; 11 Mb/s; 6 Mb/s
                              12 Mb/s; 24 Mb/s; 36 Mb/s; 9 Mb/s; 18 Mb/s
                              48 Mb/s; 54 Mb/s
                    Extra:bcn_int=100
                    Extra:ath_ie=dd0900037f01010008ff7f
          Cell 02 - Address: 00:21:27:3A:37:0A
                    ESSID:"TP-LINK"
                    Mode:Master
                    Frequency:2.437 GHz (Channel 6)
                    Quality=12/70  Signal level=-83 dBm  Noise level=-95 dBm
                    Encryption key:on
                    Bit Rates:1 Mb/s; 2 Mb/s; 5.5 Mb/s; 11 Mb/s; 6 Mb/s
                              12 Mb/s; 24 Mb/s; 36 Mb/s; 9 Mb/s; 18 Mb/s
                              48 Mb/s; 54 Mb/s
                    Extra:bcn_int=100
                    Extra:ath_ie=dd0900037f01010008ff7f
          Cell 03 - Address: 00:18:39:A6:98:E2
                    ESSID:"linksys"
                    Mode:Master
                    Frequency:2.437 GHz (Channel 6)
                    Quality=3/70  Signal level=-92 dBm  Noise level=-95 dBm
                    Encryption key:on
                    Bit Rates:1 Mb/s; 2 Mb/s; 5.5 Mb/s; 11 Mb/s; 6 Mb/s
                              9 Mb/s; 12 Mb/s; 18 Mb/s; 24 Mb/s; 36 Mb/s
                              48 Mb/s; 54 Mb/s
                    Extra:bcn_int=100
                    IE: WPA Version 1
                        Group Cipher : CCMP
                        Pairwise Ciphers (1) : CCMP
                        Authentication Suites (1) : PSK

我附近有三個無線AP，ESSID所標記的就是無線AP的名字了，其中有兩個無線AP都叫做 TP-LINK，另一個叫linksys，記下這幾個無線AP的名字，一會得挨個試。

5.連接無線AP

jim@jim-laptop:~$ sudo iwconfig ath0 essid "linksys"
jim@jim-laptop:~$ ifconfig

不管連上還是連不上都不會給出任何提示，到底連沒連上還需要使用命令查看一下才行

ath0      IEEE 802.11g  ESSID:"linksys"  Nickname:""
          Mode:Managed  Frequency:2.462 GHz  Access Point: Not-Associated
          Bit Rate:0 kb/s   Tx-Power:18 dBm   Sensitivity=1/1  
          Retry:off   RTS thr:off   Fragment thr:off
          Power Management:off
          Link Quality=0/70  Signal level=-95 dBm  Noise level=-95 dBm
          Rx invalid nwid:8172  Rx invalid crypt:0  Rx invalid frag:0
          Tx excessive retries:0  Invalid misc:0   Missed beacon:0

上面的黑體字的部分說明沒有連接成功，也許是這個AP設置了密碼，沒關係再換一個就是了。

jim@jim-laptop:~$ sudo iwconfig ath0 essid "TP-LINK"
jim@jim-laptop:~$ ifconfig

執行後再查看一下接入狀態

jim@jim-laptop:~$ iwconfig ath0
ath0      IEEE 802.11g  ESSID:"TP-LINK"  Nickname:""
          Mode:Managed  Frequency:2.437 GHz  Access Point: 00:1D:0F:4D:8B:E4
          Bit Rate:36 Mb/s   Tx-Power:18 dBm   Sensitivity=1/1  
          Retry:off   RTS thr:off   Fragment thr:off
          Power Management:off
          Link Quality=26/70  Signal level=-69 dBm  Noise level=-95 dBm
          Rx invalid nwid:8268  Rx invalid crypt:0  Rx invalid frag:0
          Tx excessive retries:0  Invalid misc:0   Missed beacon:0

ok，總算是連上了。

注意：如果連接AP需要密碼，而你確實也知道AP的密碼，那麼可以用下面的辦法連接
假設密碼是 123456789，密碼需要四位一組用”-“分開。

jim@jim-laptop:~$ sudo iwconfig ath0 essid "TP-LINK" key 1234-5678-9

6.啓用無線網卡

jim@jim-laptop:~$ sudo ifconfig ath0 up

7.設置無線網卡採用dhcp方式自動獲取ip

jim@jim-laptop:~$ sudo dhclient ath0
Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client V3.0.6
Copyright 2004-2007 Internet Systems Consortium.
All rights reserved.
For info, please visit [url]http://www.isc.org/sw/dhcp/[/url]

wifi0: unknown hardware address type 801
wifi0: unknown hardware address type 801
Listening on LPF/ath0/00:19:e0:85:73:70
Sending on   LPF/ath0/00:19:e0:85:73:70
Sending on   Socket/fallback
DHCPDISCOVER on ath0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 6
DHCPOFFER of 192.168.1.104 from 192.168.1.1
DHCPREQUEST of 192.168.1.104 on ath0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67
DHCPACK of 192.168.1.104 from 192.168.1.1
bound to 192.168.1.104 -- renewal in 3125 seconds.

現在就可以拔掉網線，使用無線網卡上網了。

8.斷開網絡
如果需要斷開網絡，可以使用下面的命令

jim@jim-laptop:~$ sudo ifconfig ath0 down