http://hi.baidu.com/ekepptbfluehlwe/item/321109e59ac745b52f140b57
C語言：
1._execl函數家庭Each function in this family loads and executes a new process:
The letter at the end of the function name determines the variation.
Each function in this family loads and executes a new process:
The letter at the end of the function name determines the variation.
_exec function suffix Descriptione
envp, array of pointers to environment settings, is passed to the new process.
l
Command-line arguments are passed individually to _exec function. Typically used when the number of parameters to the new process is known in advance.
p
PATH environment variable is used to find the file to execute.
v
argv, array of pointers to command-line arguments, is passed to _exec. Typically used when the number of parameters to the new process is variable.
2._spawnl函數家庭
Each of the _spawn functions creates and executes a new process:
e、l、p、v 的含義同1.
3.system
用法：system函數是執行shell命令，在windows下就是將命令交給DOS或cmd.exe去執行。如果要改變c:\windows\下文件名爲myfile.txt文件爲只讀屬性，可以執行：
system("attrib +r c:\windows\myfile.txt");
注：用VC++編寫源程序時，system應該寫爲System
總結：
相同點：三者都可以創建一個新進程；
不同點：_execl與system創建一個新進程後不返回，相當於創建的新進程替換了原來的調用進程；而_spawnl創建一個新進程後，原來的調用進程依然存在，並繼續執行。
注意：system在windows和linux中都可以使用，但由於windows和linux下的命令不同，它能調用的命令也不同。如linux下能調用system("ls")，但由於windows下沒有ls命令，因此不能調用。
1 WinExec
原型:
UINT WinExec(
LPCSTR lpCmdLine, // address of command line
UINT uCmdShow // window style for new application
);
用於十六位操作系統及兼容系統.
例如:
WinExec("notepad.exe f:\\調用程序.txt",SW_SHOW);
WinExec("notepad.exe ",SW_SHOW);
不同的參數用空格分開,故路徑中不能有空格,而大部分程序默認是安裝在"...\Program Files\...",如word,這極大的限制了WinExec的應用範圍.
以上可不帶路徑:
1,程序所在目錄.
2,當前路徑.
3,系統目錄,可以用GetSystemDirectory得到.
4,Windows 目錄. 可以用TheGetWindowsDirectory得到.
5,在環境變量中設置的目錄.
2 ShellExecute
原型:
HINSTANCE ShellExecute(
HWND hwnd, //父窗口句柄
LPCTSTR lpOperation, //操作,"open","print","explore"
LPCTSTR lpFile, //文件名,前面可加路徑
LPCTSTR lpParameters, //參數
LPCTSTR lpDirectory, //默認文件夾
INT nShowCmd //顯示方式
);
打開一個應用程序
ShellExecute(this->m_hWnd,"open","calc.exe","","", SW_SHOW );
或
ShellExecute(this->m_hWnd,"open","notepad.exe","c:\MyLog.log","",SW_SHOW );
打開一個同系統程序相關連的文檔
ShellExecute(this->m_hWnd,"open","c:\abc.txt","","",SW_SHOW );
激活相關程序，發送EMAIL
ShellExecute(this->m_hWnd,"open","","","", SW_SHOW );
用系統打印機打印文檔
ShellExecute(this->m_hWnd,"print","c:\abc.txt","","", SW_HIDE);
lpParameters的用法示例:
一,建立一個可以接受參數的程序call.exe,添加如下代碼:
BOOL CCallApp::InitInstance()
{
int n = __argc;
for(int i = 1 ; i < n ; i++)
AfxMessageBox(__targv[i]);
//__targv[0]存儲的是程序的文件名
...
}
二,Alt + F7的進行Project setting, Debug -> program argurments ->"1 2 3 4 5".
如果有多個參數,用空格分開.
三,運行.
四,執行ShellExecute(NULL,NULL,"f:\\call.exe","1 2 3 4 5",NULL,SW_SHOW);
3 CreateProcess
BOOL CreateProcess(
LPCTSTR lpApplicationName,
LPTSTR lpCommandLine,
LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpProcessAttributes,
LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpThreadAttributes,
BOOL bInheritHandles,
DWORD dwCreationFlags,
LPVOID lpEnvironment,
LPCTSTR lpCurrentDirectory,
LPSTARTUPINFO lpStartupInfo,
LPPROCESS_INFORMATION lpProcessInformation
);
STARTUPINFO startupInfo;
memset(&startupInfo,0,sizeof(STARTUPINFO));
startupInfo.cb = sizeof(STARTUPINFO);
示例:
//程序最啓動時最大化
startupInfo.dwFlags |= STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW;
startupInfo.wShowWindow = SW_SHOWMAXIMIZED;
//運行....exe
PROCESS_INFORMATION ProcessInfo;
BOOL bCreate = ::CreateProcess
(
"f:\\call.exe",// 1 2 3 4",
NULL,
NULL,
NULL,
FALSE,
0,
NULL,
NULL,
&startupInfo,
&ProcessInfo);
//等到call.exe執行完畢
WaitForSingleObject(ProcessInfo.hProcess,1000000);
MessageBox("調用程序結束!");