3550交換機(EMI)
簡明配置維護手冊
目錄
說明
本手冊只包括日常使用的有關命令及特性,其它未涉及的命令及特性請參考英文的詳細配置手冊。
產品特性
3550EMI是支持二層、三層功能(EMI)的交換機
支持VLAN
- 到1005 個VLAN
- 支持VLAN ID從1到4094( IEEE 802.1Q 標準)
- 支持ISL及IEEE 802.1Q封裝
安全
- 支持IOS標準的密碼保護
- 靜態MAC地址映射
- 標準及擴展的訪問列表支持,對於路由端口支持入出雙向的訪問列表,對於二層端口支持入的訪問列表
- 支持基於VLAN的訪問列表
3層支持(需要多層交換的IOS)
- HSRP
- IP路由協議
- RIP versions 1 and 2
- OSPF
- IGRP及EIGRP
- BGP Version 4
監視
- 交換機LED指示端口狀態
- SPAN及遠端SPAN (RSPAN) 可以監視任何端口或VLAN的流量
- 內置支持四組的RMON監控功能(歷史、統計、告警及事件)
- Syslog功能
其它功能:
支持以下的GBIC模塊:
· 1000BASE-T GBIC: 銅線最長100 m
· 1000BASE-SX GBIC: 光纖最長1804 feet (550 m)
· 1000BASE-LX/LH GBIC: 光纖最長32,808 feet (6 miles or 10 km)
· 1000BASE-ZX GBIC: 光纖最長328,084 feet (62 miles or 100 km)
配置端口
配置一組端口
|
命令 |
目的 |
Step 1 |
configure terminal |
進入配置狀態 |
Step 2 |
interface range {port-range} |
進入組配置狀態 |
Step 3 |
|
可以使用平時的端口配置命令進行配置 |
Step 4 |
end |
退回 |
Step 5 |
show interfaces [interface-id] |
驗證配置 |
Step 6 |
copy running-config startup-config |
保存 |
|
當使用interface range命令時有如下的規則:
- 有效的組範圍:
- vlan從1 到4094
- fastethernet 槽位/{first port} - {last port}, 槽位爲0
- gigabitethernet槽位/{first port} - {last port},槽位爲0
- port-channel port-channel-number - port-channel-number, port-channel號從1到64
- 端口號之間需要加入空格,如:interface range fastethernet 0/1 – 5 是有效的,而interface range fastethernet 0/1-5 是無效的.
- interface range 命令只能配置已經存在的interface vlan
- 所有在同一組的端口必須是相同類別的。
見以下例子:
Switch# configure terminal
Switch(config)# interface range fastethernet0/1 - 5
Switch(config-if-range)# no shutdown
Switch(config-if-range)#
*Oct 6 08:24:35: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up
*Oct 6 08:24:35: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to up
*Oct 6 08:24:35: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/3, changed state to up
*Oct 6 08:24:35: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/4, changed state to up
*Oct 6 08:24:35: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to up
*Oct 6 08:24:36: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/05,
changed state to up
*Oct 6 08:24:36: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/3, changed
state to up
*Oct 6 08:24:36: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/4, changed
state to up
以下的例子顯示使用句號來配置不同類型端口的組:
Switch# configure terminal
Switch(config)# interface range fastethernet0/1 - 3, gigabitethernet0/1 - 2
Switch(config-if-range)# no shutdown
Switch(config-if-range)#
*Oct 6 08:29:28: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up
*Oct 6 08:29:28: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/2, changed state to up
*Oct 6 08:29:28: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/3, changed state to up
*Oct 6 08:29:28: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface GigabitEthernet0/1, changed state to up
*Oct 6 08:29:28: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface GigabitEthernet0/2, changed state to up
*Oct 6 08:29:29: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/ 1,
changed state to up
*Oct 6 08:29:29: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/ 2,
changed state to up
*Oct 6 08:29:29: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/ 3,
changed state to up
配置二層端口
3550的所有端口缺省的端口都是二層口,如果此端口已經配置成三層端口的話,則需要用switchport來使其成爲二層端口。
配置端口速率及雙工模式
可以配置快速以太口的速率爲10/100Mbps及千兆以太口的速率爲10/100/1000-Mbps; 但對於GBIC端口則不能配置速率及雙工模式,有時可以配置nonegotiate,當需要聯接不支持自適應的其它千兆端口時
|
命令 |
目的 |
Step 1 |
configure terminal |
進入配置狀態. |
Step 2 |
interface interface-id |
進入端口配置狀態. |
Step 3 |
speed {10 | 100 | 1000 | auto | nonegotiate} |
設置端口速率
注 1000 只工作在千兆口. GBIC模塊只工作在1000 Mbps下. nonegotiate 只能在這些GBIC上用 1000BASE-SX, -LX, and -ZX GBIC. |
Step 4 |
duplex {auto | full | half} |
設置全雙工或半雙工. |
Step 5 |
end |
退出 |
Step 6 |
show interfaces interface-id |
顯示有關配置情況 |
Step 7 |
copy running-config startup-config |
保存 |
Switch# configure terminal
Switch(config)# interface fastethernet0/3
Switch(config-if)# speed 10
Switch(config-if)# duplex half
端口描述
|
命令 |
目的 |
Step 1 |
configure terminal |
進入配置模式 |
Step 2 |
interface interface-id |
進入要加入描述的端口 |
Step 3 |
description string |
加入描述 (最多240個字符). |
Step 4 |
end |
退回. |
Step 5 |
show interfaces interface-id description
or
show running-config |
驗證. |
Step 6 |
copy running-config startup-config |
保存 |
|
Use the no description interface configuration command to delete the description.
This example shows how to add a description on Fast Ethernet interface 0/4 and to verify the description:
Switch# config terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)# interface fastethernet0/4
Switch(config-if)# description Connects to Marketing
Switch(config-if)# end
Switch# show interfaces fastethernet0/4 description
Interface Status Protocol Description
Fa0/4 up down Connects to Marketing
配置三層口
Catalyst 3550支持三種類型的三層端口:
- SVIs: 即interface vlan
|
Note 當生成一個interface Vlan時,只有當把某一物理端口分配給它時才能被激活 |
- 三層以太網通道口(EtherChannel)
- .路由口:路由口是指某一物理端口在端口配置狀態下用no switchport命令生成的端口
所有的三層都需要IP地址以實現路由交換
配置步驟如下:
|
命令 |
目的 |
Step 1 |
configure terminal |
進入配置狀態 |
Step 2 |
interface {{fastethernet | gigabitethernet} interface-id} | {vlan vlan-id} | {port-channel port-channel-number} |
進入端口配置狀態 |
Step 3 |
no switchport |
把物理端口變成三層口 |
Step 4 |
ip address ip_address subnet_mask |
配置IP地址和掩碼 |
Step 5 |
no shutdown |
激活端口 |
Step 6 |
end |
退出 |
Step 7 |
show interfaces [interface-id]
show ip interface [interface-id]
show running-config interface [interface-id] |
驗證配置 |
Step 8 |
copy running-config startup-config |
保存配置 |
|
配置舉例如下:
Switch# configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)# interface gigabitethernet0/2
Switch(config-if)# no switchport
Switch(config-if)# ip address 192.20.135.21 255.255.255.0
Switch(config-if)# no shutdown
Switch(config-if)# end
show ip interface命令:
Switch# show ip interface gigabitethernet0/2
GigabitEthernet0/2 is up, line protocol is up
Internet address is 192.20.135.21/24
Broadcast address is 255.255.255.255
Address determined by setup command
MTU is 1500 bytes
Helper address is not set
Directed broadcast forwarding is disabled
<output truncated>
監控及維護端口
監控端口和控制器的狀態
主要命令見下表:
Show Commands for Interfaces Command |
目的 |
show interfaces [interface-id] |
顯示所有端口或某一端口的狀態和配置. |
show interfaces interface-id status [err-disabled] |
顯示一系列端口的狀態或錯誤-關閉的狀態 |
show interfaces [interface-id] switchport |
顯示二層端口的狀態,可以用來決定此口是否爲二層或三層口。 |
show interfaces [interface-id] description |
顯示端口描述 |
show ip interface [interface-id] |
顯示所有或某一端口的IP可用性狀態 |
show running-config interface [interface-id] |
顯示當前配置中的端口配置情況 |
show version |
顯示軟硬件等情況 |
|
舉例如下:
Switch# show interfaces status
Port Name Status Vlan Duplex Speed Type
Gi0/1 connected routed a-full a-100 10/100/1000Base
TX
Gi0/2 wce server 20.20.2 disabled routed auto auto 10/100/1000Base TX
Gi0/3 ip wccp web-cache notconnect routed auto auto 10/100/1000Base TX
Gi0/4 notconnect routed auto auto 10/100/1000Base TX
Gi0/5 notconnect routed auto auto 10/100/1000Base TX
Gi0/6 disabled routed auto auto 10/100/1000Base TX
Gi0/7 disabled routed auto auto 10/100/1000Base TX
Gi0/8 disabled routed auto 100 10/100/1000Base TX
Gi0/9 notconnect routed auto auto 10/100/1000Base TX
Gi0/10 notconnect routed auto auto 10/100/1000Base TX
Gi0/11 disabled routed auto auto unknown
Gi0/12 notconnect routed auto auto unknown
Switch# show interfaces fastethernet 0/1 switchport
Name: Fa0/1
Switchport: Enabled
Administrative Mode: static access
Operational Mode: down
Administrative Trunking Encapsulation: dot1q
Negotiation of Trunking: Off
Access Mode VLAN: 1 (default)
Trunking Native Mode VLAN: 1 (default)
Trunking VLANs Enabled: ALL
Pruning VLANs Enabled: 2-1001
Protected: false
Unknown unicast blocked: disabled
Unknown multicast blocked: disabled
Voice VLAN: dot1p (Inactive)
Appliance trust: 5
Switch# show running-config interface fastethernet0/2
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 131 bytes
!
interface FastEthernet0/2
switchport mode access
switchport protected
no ip address
mls qos cos 7
mls qos cos override
end