一 查看有哪些參數
| RMAN> show all; RMAN configuration parameters are: CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON; CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/snapcf_orcl.f'; # default RMAN> |
二 自動化通道channel配置
| RMAN> backup datafile 8; Starting backup at 06-NOV-11 allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2011_11_0 [oracle@dbserver1 dbbackup]$ pwd /u01/app/oracle/dbbackup [oracle@dbserver1 dbbackup]$ ls backuplog backupscript backupset RMAN> CONFIGURE channel device type disk format '/u01/app/oracle/dbbackup/backupset/df_%U.bak'; new RMAN configuration parameters: CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/u01/app/oracle/dbbackup/backupset/df_%U.bak'; new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored released channel: ORA_DISK_1 RMAN> backup datafile 8; Starting backup at 06-NOV-11 allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=140 devtype=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset input datafile fno=00008 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tbs_usr_bak.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 06-NOV-11 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 06-NOV-11 piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/dbbackup/backupset/df_14mqvbfm_1_1.bak tag=TAG20111106T092054 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 Finished backup at 06-NOV-11 CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/u01/app/oracle/dbbackup/backupset/df_%T_%s_%p_%U.bak'; RMAN> backup datafile 8 format '/home/oracle/df-8.bak'; 具有優先級 |
三 保留策略配置
| RMAN> CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 2; RMAN> list backupset of datafile 8; RMAN> list backupset of datafile 8 summary; List of Backups =============== Key TY LV S Device Type Completion Time #Pieces #Copies Compressed Tag ------- -- -- - ----------- --------------- ------- ------- ---------- --- 36 B F A DISK 06-NOV-11 1 1 NO TAG20111106T092054 38 B F A DISK 06-NOV-11 1 1 NO TAG20111106T092355 RMAN> |
四 備份的多位置copy
| RMAN> CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 2; RMAN> backup datafile 8; Starting backup at 06-NOV-11 using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset input datafile fno=00008 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tbs_usr_bak.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 06-NOV-11 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 06-NOV-11 with 2 copies and tag TAG20111106T094028 piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/dbbackup/backupset/df_20111106_54_1_1mmqvckc_1_1.bak comment=NONE piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/dbbackup/backupset/df_20111106_54_1_1mmqvckc_1_2.bak comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02 RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/u01/app/oracle/dbbackup/backupset/df_%T_%s_%p_%U.bak','/home/oracle/df_%T_%s_%p_%U.bak'; RMAN> backup datafile 8; |
五 備份類型
備份集backupset ：只備份使用過的數據塊 支持壓縮 默認類型
鏡像拷貝image copy ：完全一致拷貝 恢復速度快 支持增量合併
| RMAN> backup datafile 8; RMAN> backup as backupset datafile 8; RMAN> backup as copy datafile 8; [oracle@dbserver1 dbbackup]$ ls -al /u01/app/oracle/dbbackup/backupset/df_20111106_62_1_data_D-ORCL_I-1293056415_TS-TBS_USR_BAK_FNO-8_1umqvd2i.bak -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 20979712 Nov 6 09:48 /u01/app/oracle/dbbackup/backupset/df_20111106_62_1_data_D-ORCL_I-1293056415_TS-TBS_USR_BAK_FNO-8_1umqvd2i.bak [oracle@dbserver1 dbbackup]$ [oracle@dbserver1 dbbackup]$ [oracle@dbserver1 dbbackup]$ ls -al /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tbs_usr_bak.dbf -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 20979712 Nov 6 09:48 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tbs_usr_bak.dbf [oracle@dbserver1 dbbackup]$ |
六 備份集輸出大小
| 備份片 backup piece RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/u01/app/oracle/dbbackup/backupset/df_%T_%s_%p_%U.bak', '/home/oracle/df_%T_%s_%p_%U.bak' maxpiecesize 20m; |
七 排除某些表空間
只讀表空間 不需要恢復的表空間 可以選擇跳過
| RMAN> CONFIGURE exclude for tablespace "USERS"; RMAN> CONFIGURE exclude for tablespace "UPLOOKING"; RMAN> backup database; Starting backup at 06-NOV-11 using channel ORA_DISK_1 file 4 is excluded from whole database backup file 5 is excluded from whole database backup |
八 控制文件的自動備份
| CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F' 恢復： restore controlfile from AUTOBACKUP; RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/u01/app/oracle/dbbackup/backupset/%F.ctl'; 恢復： restore controlfile from ’ /u01/app/oracle/dbbackup/backupset/xxxxxxxx.ctl’; |
九 並行PARALLELISM
| RMAN> CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 2; RMAN> backup datafile 2,6,8; 單獨一個文件並行度不起作用 |