mysqldump備份及恢復

mysqldump增量備份： 
基於時間點備份恢復方式 
[root@centos 3306]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/3306/mysql.sock

Enter password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 19

Server version: 5.0.56-log Source distribution

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.

mysql> use oldboy;

Database changed

mysql> set names gbk;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> create table student(

-> Sno int(10) NOT NULL COMMENT '學號',

-> Sname varchar(16) NOT NULL COMMENT '姓名',

-> Ssex char(2) NOT NULL COMMENT '性別',

-> Sage tinyint(2) NOT NULL default '0' COMMENT '學生年齡',

-> Sdept varchar(16) default NULL COMMENT '學生所在系別',

-> PRIMARY KEY (Sno)

-> ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=gbk;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO student values(0001,'陸亞','男',24,'計算機網絡');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO student values(0002,'kqzj ','男',26,'computer application');

Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO student values(0003,'xiaozhang','男',28,'物流管理');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO student values(0004,'脈動','男',29,'computer application');

Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> \q

Bye

[root@centos 3306]# mysqldump -u root -p'oldboy' -S /data/3306/mysql.sock --lock-all-tables --default-character-set=gbk -F -B  oldboy|gzip >/tmp/oldboy_$(date +%F).sql.gz   ##執行一次全備

[root@centos bak]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/3306/mysql.sock

Enter password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 22

Server version: 5.0.56-log Source distribution

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.

mysql> use oldboy

Database changed

mysql> set names gbk;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO student values(0005,'ydds','男',26,'計算機科學與技術');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO student values(0090,'yazhe','男',22,'計算機科學與技術');

ERROR 1146 (42S02): Table 'test.student' doesn't exist

mysql> INSERT INTO student values(0090,'yazhe','男',22,'計算機科學與技術');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> \q

Bye

[root@centos 3306]# mkdir /bak/

[root@centos 3306]# ll

total 172

drwxr-xr-x 6 mysql mysql 4096 Apr 15 02:33 data

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 0 Apr 15 02:46 error.log

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 0 Apr 15 02:34 error.log-old

-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 1882 Apr 15 01:50 my.cnf

-rwx------ 1 mysql mysql 836 Apr 14 21:13 mysql

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 117 Apr 14 21:14 mysql-bin.000001

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 391 Apr 14 22:03 mysql-bin.000002

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 254 Apr 14 22:34 mysql-bin.000003

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 117 Apr 14 22:43 mysql-bin.000004

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 1877 Apr 15 00:09 mysql-bin.000005

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 117 Apr 15 01:51 mysql-bin.000006

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 364 Apr 15 02:46 mysql-bin.index

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5 Apr 15 01:55 mysqld.pid

srwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 0 Apr 15 01:55 mysql.sock

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql root 473 Apr 15 01:55 ryan_mysql.err

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 2405 Apr 15 02:46 slow.log

[root@centos 3306]# mysqldump -u root -p'oldboy' -S /data/3306/mysql.sock --lock-all-tables --default-character-set=gbk -F -B  oldboy|gzip >/tmp/oldboy_$(date +%F).sql.gz

[root@centos 3306]# ll

total 180

drwxr-xr-x 6 mysql mysql 4096 Apr 15 02:33 data

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 0 Apr 15 02:47 error.log

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 0 Apr 15 02:46 error.log-old

-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 1882 Apr 15 01:50 my.cnf

-rwx------ 1 mysql mysql 836 Apr 14 21:13 mysql

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 117 Apr 14 21:14 mysql-bin.000001

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 391 Apr 14 22:03 mysql-bin.000002

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 254 Apr 14 22:34 mysql-bin.000003

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 117 Apr 14 22:43 mysql-bin.000004

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 1877 Apr 15 00:09 mysql-bin.000005

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 117 Apr 15 01:51 mysql-bin.000006

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 117 Apr 15 01:54 mysql-bin.000007

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 392 Apr 15 02:47 mysql-bin.index

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5 Apr 15 01:55 mysqld.pid

srwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 0 Apr 15 01:55 mysql.sock

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql root 473 Apr 15 01:55 ryan_mysql.err

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 2590 Apr 15 02:47 slow.log

[root@centos 3306]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/3306/mysql.sock

Enter password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 24

Server version: 5.0.56-log Source distribution

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.

mysql> use oldboy

Database changed

mysql> set names gbk;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO student values(0190,'yazhe','男',22,'計算機科學與技術');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> drop database oldboy;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> \q

Bye

[root@centos 3306]# ll

total 180

drwxr-xr-x 5 mysql mysql 4096 Apr 15 02:49 data

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 0 Apr 15 02:47 error.log

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 0 Apr 15 02:46 error.log-old

-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 1882 Apr 15 01:50 my.cnf

-rwx------ 1 mysql mysql 836 Apr 14 21:13 mysql

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 117 Apr 14 21:14 mysql-bin.000001

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 391 Apr 14 22:03 mysql-bin.000002

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 254 Apr 14 22:34 mysql-bin.000003

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 117 Apr 14 22:43 mysql-bin.000004

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 1877 Apr 15 00:09 mysql-bin.000005

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 117 Apr 15 01:51 mysql-bin.000006

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 117 Apr 15 01:54 mysql-bin.000007

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 392 Apr 15 02:47 mysql-bin.index

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5 Apr 15 01:55 mysqld.pid

srwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 0 Apr 15 01:55 mysql.sock

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql root 473 Apr 15 01:55 ryan_mysql.err

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 2590 Apr 15 02:47 slow.log

[root@centos 3306]# cp mysql-bin.000007 /bak/    ##拷貝文件到/bak目錄下 
[root@centos 3306]# cp /tmp/oldboy_2012-04-15.sql.gz /bak    ##拷貝全備文件到/bak目錄下

[root@centos 3306]# cd /bak/

[root@centos bak]# ls

mysql-bin.000011 mysql-bin.000012 mysql-bin.000014 mysql-bin.sql oldboy_2012-04-15.sql oldboy_2012-04-15.sql.gz

[root@centos bak]# gzip -d oldboy_2012-04-16.sql.gz      ##解壓全備份的文件 
[root@centos bak]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/3306/mysql.sock     ##登陸3306庫

Enter password:

ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)

[root@centos bak]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/3306/mysql.sock </bak/oldboy_2012-04-15.sql

Enter password:

[root@centos bak]# vi oldboy_2012-04-16.sql      ##這個是我們進行全備份的mysql-bin轉化過sql的文件

-- MySQL dump 10.11

-- Host: localhost Database: oldboy

-- ------------------------------------------------------

-- Server version 5.0.56-log

/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;

/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;

/*!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION */;

/*!40101 SET NAMES gbk */;

/*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE */;

/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' */;

/*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */;

/*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;

/*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */;

/*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;

-- Current Database: `oldboy`

CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `oldboy` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */;

USE `oldboy`;

-- Table structure for table `student`

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `student`;

SET @saved_cs_client = @@character_set_client;

SET character_set_client = utf8;

CREATE TABLE `student` (

[root@centos bak]# vi mysql-bin.000014   ##看這裏面都是亂碼，所以我們要把它轉化成可讀的sql文件

鎂binW脝<89>O^OQ^@^@^@^^@^@^@b^@^@^@^A^@^D^@5.0.56-log^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^S8^M^@^H^@^R^@^D^D^D^D^R^@K^@^D^Z樓脝<89>O^BQ^@^@^@F^@^@^@簍^@^@^@^@^@^X^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^F^@^@^Z^@^@^@@^@^@^A^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^F^Cstd^D^\^@^\^@^H^@oldboy^@BEGIN樓脝<89>O^BQ^@^@^@<84>^@^@^@,^A^@^@^^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^F^@^@^Z^@^@^@@^@^@^A^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^F^Cstd^D^\^@^\^@^H^@oldboy^@INSERT INTO student values(0190,'yazhe','脛脨',22,'錄脝脣茫祿煤驢脝脩摟脫毛彔彔脢玫')樓@^@G^A^@^@^@^@陋^@^@^@^@^@^@^@戮脝<89>O^BQ^@^@^@U^@^@^@<9c>^A^@^@^H^@^X^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^F^@^@^Z^@^@^@@^@^@^A^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^F^Cstd^D^\^@^\^@^H^@oldboy^@drop database old~

[root@centos bak]# mysqlbinlog mysql-bin.000007 >mysql-bin.sql  ##把bin文件轉化爲sql文件

[root@centos bak]# ls

mysql-bin.000007 mysql-bin.sql oldboy_2012-04-16.sql

[root@centos bak]# vi mysql-bin.sql     ##編輯這個文件

/*!40019 SET @@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/;

/*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;

DELIMITER /*!*/;

# at 4

#120416 20:05:39 server id 11 end_log_pos 98 Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.0.

56-log created 120416 20:05:39

# Warning: this binlog was not closed properly. Most probably mysqld crashed wri

ting it.

# at 98

#120416 20:07:12 server id 11 end_log_pos 168 Query thread_id=7 exec_tim

e=0 error_code=0

use oldboy/*!*/;

SET TIMESTAMP=1334578032/*!*/;

SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=1, @@session.uniq

ue_checks=1/*!*/;

SET @@session.sql_mode=0/*!*/;

/*!\C latin1 *//*!*/;

SET @@session.character_set_client=8,@@session.collation_connection=8,@@session.

collation_server=8/*!*/;

BEGIN

/*!*/;

# at 168

"mysql-bin.sql" 46L, 1777C 1,1 Top

/*!40019 SET @@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/;

/*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;

DELIMITER /*!*/;

# at 4

#120416 20:05:39 server id 11 end_log_pos 98 Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.0.56-log created 120416 20:05:39

# Warning: this binlog was not closed properly. Most probably mysqld crashed writing it.

# at 98

#120416 20:07:12 server id 11 end_log_pos 168 Query thread_id=7 exec_time=0 error_code=0

use oldboy/*!*/;

SET TIMESTAMP=1334578032/*!*/;

SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=1, @@session.unique_checks=1/*!*/;

SET @@session.sql_mode=0/*!*/;

/*!\C latin1 *//*!*/;

SET @@session.character_set_client=8,@@session.collation_connection=8,@@session.collation_server=8/*!*/;

BEGIN

/*!*/;

# at 168

#120416 20:07:12 server id 11 end_log_pos 308 Query thread_id=7 exec_time=0 error_code=0

SET TIMESTAMP=1334578032/*!*/;

INSERT INTO student values(0005,'ydds','男',26,'計算機科學與技術')

/*!*/;

# at 308

#120416 20:07:12 server id 11 end_log_pos 335 Xid = 55

COMMIT/*!*/;

# at 335

#120416 20:10:25 server id 11 end_log_pos 405 Query thread_id=8 exec_time=0 error_code=0

SET TIMESTAMP=1334578225/*!*/;

BEGIN

/*!*/;

# at 405

#120416 20:10:25 server id 11 end_log_pos 546 Query thread_id=8 exec_time=0 error_code=0

SET TIMESTAMP=1334578225/*!*/;

INSERT INTO student values(0090,'yazhe','男',22,'計算機科學與技術')

/*!*/;

# at 546

#120416 20:10:25 server id 11 end_log_pos 573 Xid = 67

COMMIT/*!*/;

# at 573

#120416 20:11:45 server id 11 end_log_pos 658 Query thread_id=9 exec_time=0 error_code=0

SET TIMESTAMP=1334578305/*!*/;

drop database oldboy     ##找到這句話，要不每次恢復後都執行drop就相當於每有恢復

/*!*/;

DELIMITER ;

# End of log file

ROLLBACK /* added by mysqlbinlog */;

/*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;

[root@centos bak]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/3306/mysql.sock </bak/mysql-bin.sql  ##這裏進行恢復

Enter password:

[root@centos bak]# mysql -uroot -p -S /data/3306/mysql.sock      ##登陸3306庫

Enter password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 28

Server version: 5.0.56-log Source distribution

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.

mysql> use oldboy;

Database changed

mysql> select * from student;

+-----+-----------+------+------+------------------+

+-----+-----------+------+------+------------------+

| 1 | ?? | ? | 24 | ????? |

| 2 | kqzj | ? | 26 | computer applica |

| 3 | xiaozhang | ? | 28 | ???? |

| 4 | ?? | ? | 29 | computer applica |

| 5 | ydds | ? | 26 | ???????? |

| 90 | yazhe | ? | 22 | ???????? |

| 190 | yazhe | ? | 22 | ???????? |

+-----+-----------+------+------+------------------+

7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> set names gbk;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from student;    ##看看是不是都備份回來啦，至此增量備份結束。

+-----+-----------+------+------+------------------+

+-----+-----------+------+------+------------------+

| 1 | 陸亞 | 男 | 24 | 計算機網絡 |

| 2 | kqzj | 男 | 26 | computer applica |

| 3 | xiaozhang | 男 | 28 | 物流管理 |

| 4 | 脈動 | 男 | 29 | computer applica |

| 5 | ydds | 男 | 26 | 計算機科學與技術 |

| 90 | yazhe | 男 | 22 | 計算機科學與技術 |

| 190 | yazhe | 男 | 22 | 計算機科學與技術 |

+-----+-----------+------+------+------------------+

7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
如果有多個庫： 
mysqlbinlog mysqlbin.000021 -d oldboy -r oldboy.sql 
-d ##基於具體庫的恢復 
其他方法： 
常見命令組合： 
(a) 
mysqlbinlog mysqlbin.000021 --start-datetime='2011-03-19 02:58:54' --stop-datetime='2011-03-19 03:22:44' -r time.sql 
上面語句將顯示2011-03-19 02:58:54---2011-03-19 03:22:44時間段的binlog，並輸出到time.sql. 
(b) 
mysqlbinlog mysqlbin.000021 --start-datetime='2011-03-19 02:58:54' -d test -r time.sql 
這個語句只有開始時間，那麼就是從2011-03-19 02:58:54時刻到日誌結尾，test數據庫的binlog輸出到time.sql 
(c) 
mysqlbinlog mysqlbin.000021 --stop-datetime='2011-03-19 03:22:44' -d oldboy -s  
這個語句只有結束時間，那麼就是從日誌開頭到2011-03-19 03:22:44時刻截止，oldboy數據庫的binlog輸出. 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

基於位置點的恢復： 
※※※※※ 
  --start-position=#  Start reading the binlog at position N. Applies to the 
                      first binlog passed on the command line. 
  --stop-position=#   Stop reading the binlog at position N. Applies to the 
                      last binlog passed on the command line. 
參數說明：以上兩個參數顯示指定position點內的binlog日誌內容，是非常重要的選項。 
這個兩個選項比時間選項恢復要更精確 
(a) 
mysqlbinlog mysqlbin.000021 --start-position=510 --stop-position=1312 -r pos.sql 
輸出 初始位置510,結束位置1312的所有binlog日誌到pos.sql 
注意：結尾的日誌點比較特殊 不會被包含。即輸出1312pos以前的binlog。 
(b) 
mysqlbinlog mysqlbin.000021 --start-position=510 -r pos510-end.sql 
輸出 初始位置510,結束位置到文件結尾的所有binlog到pos510-end.sql，當然，你也可以指定庫名輸出binlog，如： 
mysqlbinlog mysqlbin.000021 --start-position=510 -r pos510-end-oldboy.sql -d oldboy 
(c) 
mysqlbinlog mysqlbin.000021 --stop-position=954 -r start-954.sql 
輸出從文件開始位置，到954位置截止的所有binlog. 
起始點：# at 510 
# at 510 
#110319  2:58:54 server id 1  end_log_pos 578   Query   thread_id=7     exec_time=0     error_code=0 
結束點：# at 1312 
# at 1312 
#110319  3:22:44 server id 1  end_log_pos 1339  Xid = 81 
mysqlbinlog mysqlbin.000021 --start-position=510 --stop-position=1312 -r pos.sql

※※※※※※※※※※※※※※ 
※1 基於時間點          ※ 
※2 把中間的一兩分鐘去掉 ※
※3 基於位置點          ※ 
※※※※※※※※※※※※※※

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