關於oracle sqlldr control file的格式

1Sqlldr userid=lgone/tiger control=a.ctl
  2LOAD DATA
  3INFILE 't.dat' // 要導入的文件
  4// INFILE 'tt.date' // 導入多個文件
  5// INFILE * // 要導入的內容就在control文件裏 下面的BEGINDATA後面就是導入的內容, *和't.dat'不能同時存在
  6
  7INTO TABLE table_name // 指定裝入的表
  8BADFILE 'c:bad.txt' // 指定壞文件地址
  9
10************* 以下是4種裝入表的方式
11APPEND // 原先的表有數據 就加在後面
12// INSERT // 裝載空表 如果原先的表有數據 sqlloader會停止 默認值
13// REPLACE // 原先的表有數據 原先的數據會全部刪除
14// TRUNCATE // 指定的內容和replace的相同 會用truncate語句刪除現存數據
15
16************* 指定的TERMINATED可以在表的開頭 也可在表的內部字段部分
17FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'
18// 裝載這種數據: 10,lg,"""lg""","lg,lg"
19// 在表中結果: 10 lg "lg" lg,lg
20// TERMINATED BY X '09' // 以十六進制格式 '09' 表示的
21// TERMINATED BY WRITESPACE // 裝載這種數據: 10 lg lg
22
23TRAILING NULLCOLS ************* 表的字段沒有對應的值時允許爲空
24
25************* 下面是表的字段
26(
27col_1 , col_2 ,col_filler FILLER // FILLER 關鍵字 此列的數值不會被裝載
28// 如: lg,lg,not 結果 lg lg
29)
30// 當沒聲明FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' 時
31// (
32// col_1 [interger external] TERMINATED BY ',' ,
33// col_2 [date "dd-mon-yyy"] TERMINATED BY ',' ,
34// col_3 [char] TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY 'lg'
35// )
36// 當沒聲明FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','用位置告訴字段裝載數據
37// (
38// col_1 position(1:2),
39// col_2 position(3:10),
40// col_3 position(*:16), // 這個字段的開始位置在前一字段的結束位置
41// col_4 position(1:16),
42// col_5 position(3:10) char(8) // 指定字段的類型
43// )
44
45BEGINDATA // 對應開始的 INFILE * 要導入的內容就在control文件裏
4610,Sql,what
4720,lg,show
48
49=====================================================================================
50/**///////////// 注意begindata後的數值前面不能有空格
51
521 ***** 普通裝載
53LOAD DATA
54INFILE *
55INTO TABLE DEPT
56REPLACE
57FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'
58(DEPTNO,
59DNAME,
60LOC
61)
62BEGINDATA
6310,Sales,"""USA"""
6420,Accounting,"Virginia,USA"
6530,Consulting,Virginia
6640,Finance,Virginia
6750,"Finance","",Virginia // loc 列將爲空
6860,"Finance",,Virginia // loc 列將爲空
69
702 ***** FIELDS TERMINATED BY WHITESPACE 和 FIELDS TERMINATED BY x'09' 的情況
71LOAD DATA
72INFILE *
73INTO TABLE DEPT
74REPLACE
75FIELDS TERMINATED BY WHITESPACE
76-- FIELDS TERMINATED BY x'09'
77(DEPTNO,
78DNAME,
79LOC
80)
81BEGINDATA
8210 Sales Virginia
83
843 ***** 指定不裝載那一列
85LOAD DATA
86INFILE *
87INTO TABLE DEPT
88REPLACE
89FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'
90( DEPTNO,
91FILLER_1 FILLER, // 下面的 "Something Not To Be Loaded" 將不會被裝載
92DNAME,
93LOC
94)
95BEGINDATA
9620,Something Not To Be Loaded,Accounting,"Virginia,USA"
97
984 ***** position的列子
99LOAD DATA
100INFILE *
101INTO TABLE DEPT
102REPLACE
103( DEPTNO position(1:2),
104DNAME position(*:16), // 這個字段的開始位置在前一字段的結束位置
105LOC position(*:29),
106ENTIRE_LINE position(1:29)
107)
108BEGINDATA
10910Accounting Virginia,USA
110
1115 ***** 使用函數 日期的一種表達 TRAILING NULLCOLS的使用
112LOAD DATA
113INFILE *
114INTO TABLE DEPT
115REPLACE
116FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
117TRAILING NULLCOLS // 其實下面的ENTIRE_LINE在BEGINDATA後面的數據中是沒有直接對應
118// 的列的值的 如果第一行改爲 10,Sales,Virginia,1/5/2000,, 就不用TRAILING NULLCOLS了
119(DEPTNO,
120DNAME "upper(:dname)", // 使用函數
121LOC "upper(:loc)",
122LAST_UPDATED date 'dd/mm/yyyy', // 日期的一種表達方式 還有'dd-mon-yyyy' 等
123ENTIRE_LINE ":deptno||:dname||:loc||:last_updated"
124)
125BEGINDATA
12610,Sales,Virginia,1/5/2000
12720,Accounting,Virginia,21/6/1999
12830,Consulting,Virginia,5/1/2000
12940,Finance,Virginia,15/3/2001
130
1316 ***** 使用自定義的函數 // 解決的時間問題
132create or replace
133my_to_date( p_string in varchar2 ) return date
134as
135type fmtArray is table of varchar2(25);
136
137l_fmts fmtArray := fmtArray( 'dd-mon-yyyy', 'dd-month-yyyy',
138'dd/mm/yyyy',
139'dd/mm/yyyy hh24:mi:ss' );
140l_return date;
141begin
142for i in 1 .. l_fmts.count
143loop
144begin
145l_return := to_date( p_string, l_fmts(i) );
146exception
147when others then null;
148end;
149EXIT when l_return is not null;
150end loop;
151
152if ( l_return is null )
153then
154l_return :=
155new_time( to_date('01011970','ddmmyyyy') + 1/24/60/60 *
156p_string, 'GMT', 'EST' );
157end if;
158
159return l_return;
160end;
161/
162
163LOAD DATA
164INFILE *
165INTO TABLE DEPT
166REPLACE
167FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
168TRAILING NULLCOLS
169(DEPTNO,
170DNAME "upper(:dname)",
171LOC "upper(:loc)",
172LAST_UPDATED "my_to_date( :last_updated )" // 使用自定義的函數
173)
174BEGINDATA
17510,Sales,Virginia,01-april-2001
17620,Accounting,Virginia,13/04/2001
17730,Consulting,Virginia,14/04/2001 12:02:02
17840,Finance,Virginia,987268297
17950,Finance,Virginia,02-apr-2001
18060,Finance,Virginia,Not a date
181
1827 ***** 合併多行記錄爲一行記錄
183LOAD DATA
184INFILE *
185concatenate 3 // 通過關鍵字concatenate 把幾行的記錄看成一行記錄
186INTO TABLE DEPT
187replace
188FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
189(DEPTNO,
190DNAME "upper(:dname)",
191LOC "upper(:loc)",
192LAST_UPDATED date 'dd/mm/yyyy'
193)
194BEGINDATA
19510,Sales, // 其實這3行看成一行 10,Sales,Virginia,1/5/2000
196Virginia,
1971/5/2000
198// 這列子用 continueif list="," 也可以
199告訴sqlldr在每行的末尾找逗號 找到逗號就把下一行附加到上一行
200
201LOAD DATA
202INFILE *
203continueif this(1:1) = '-' // 找每行的開始是否有連接字符 - 有就把下一行連接爲一行
204// 如 -10,Sales,Virginia,
205// 1/5/2000 就是一行 10,Sales,Virginia,1/5/2000
206// 其中1:1 表示從第一行開始 並在第一行結束 還有continueif next 但continueif list最理想
207INTO TABLE DEPT
208replace
209FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
210(DEPTNO,
211DNAME "upper(:dname)",
212LOC "upper(:loc)",
213LAST_UPDATED date 'dd/mm/yyyy'
214)
215BEGINDATA // 但是好象不能象右面的那樣使用
216-10,Sales,Virginia, -10,Sales,Virginia,
2171/5/2000 1/5/2000
218-40, 40,Finance,Virginia,13/04/2001
219Finance,Virginia,13/04/2001
220
2218 ***** 載入每行的行號
222
223load data
224infile *
225into table t
226replace
227( seqno RECNUM //載入每行的行號
228text Position(1:1024))
229BEGINDATA
230fsdfasj //自動分配一行號給載入 表t 的seqno字段 此行爲 1
231fasdjfasdfl // 此行爲 2 
232
2339 ***** 載入有換行符的數據
234注意: unix 和 windows 不同 & /n
235< 1 > 使用一個非換行符的字符
236LOAD DATA
237INFILE *
238INTO TABLE DEPT
239REPLACE
240FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
241TRAILING NULLCOLS
242(DEPTNO,
243DNAME "upper(:dname)",
244LOC "upper(:loc)",
245LAST_UPDATED "my_to_date( :last_updated )",
246COMMENTS "replace(:comments,'n',chr(10))" // replace 的使用幫助轉換換行符
247)
248BEGINDATA
24910,Sales,Virginia,01-april-2001,This is the SalesnOffice in Virginia
25020,Accounting,Virginia,13/04/2001,This is the AccountingnOffice in Virginia
25130,Consulting,Virginia,14/04/2001 12:02:02,This is the ConsultingnOffice in Virginia
25240,Finance,Virginia,987268297,This is the FinancenOffice in Virginia
253
254< 2 > 使用fix屬性
255LOAD DATA
256INFILE demo17.dat "fix 101"
257INTO TABLE DEPT
258REPLACE
259FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
260TRAILING NULLCOLS
261(DEPTNO,
262DNAME "upper(:dname)",
263LOC "upper(:loc)",
264LAST_UPDATED "my_to_date( :last_updated )",
265COMMENTS
266)
267demo17.dat
26810,Sales,Virginia,01-april-2001,This is the Sales
269Office in Virginia
27020,Accounting,Virginia,13/04/2001,This is the Accounting
271Office in Virginia
27230,Consulting,Virginia,14/04/2001 12:02:02,This is the Consulting
273Office in Virginia
27440,Finance,Virginia,987268297,This is the Finance
275Office in Virginia
276
277// 這樣裝載會把換行符裝入數據庫 下面的方法就不會 但要求數據的格式不同
278
279LOAD DATA
280INFILE demo18.dat "fix 101"
281INTO TABLE DEPT
282REPLACE
283FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'
284TRAILING NULLCOLS
285(DEPTNO,
286DNAME "upper(:dname)",
287LOC "upper(:loc)",
288LAST_UPDATED "my_to_date( :last_updated )",
289COMMENTS
290)
291demo18.dat
29210,Sales,Virginia,01-april-2001,"This is the Sales
293Office in Virginia"
29420,Accounting,Virginia,13/04/2001,"This is the Accounting
295Office in Virginia"
29630,Consulting,Virginia,14/04/2001 12:02:02,"This is the Consulting
297Office in Virginia"
29840,Finance,Virginia,987268297,"This is the Finance
299Office in Virginia"
300
301< 3 > 使用var屬性
302LOAD DATA
303INFILE demo19.dat "var 3"
304// 3 告訴每個記錄的前3個字節表示記錄的長度 如第一個記錄的 071 表示此記錄有 71 個字節
305INTO TABLE DEPT
306REPLACE
307FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
308TRAILING NULLCOLS
309(DEPTNO,
310DNAME "upper(:dname)",
311LOC "upper(:loc)",
312LAST_UPDATED "my_to_date( :last_updated )",
313COMMENTS
314)
315demo19.dat
31607110,Sales,Virginia,01-april-2001,This is the Sales
317Office in Virginia
31807820,Accounting,Virginia,13/04/2001,This is the Accounting
319Office in Virginia
32008730,Consulting,Virginia,14/04/2001 12:02:02,This is the Consulting
321Office in Virginia
32207140,Finance,Virginia,987268297,This is the Finance
323Office in Virginia
324
325< 4 > 使用str屬性
326// 最靈活的一中 可定義一個新的行結尾符 win 回車換行 : chr(13)||chr(10)
327
328此列中記錄是以 a|rn 結束的
329select utl_raw.cast_to_raw('|'||chr(13)||chr(10)) from dual;
330結果 7C0D0A
331
332LOAD DATA
333INFILE demo20.dat "str X'7C0D0A'"
334INTO TABLE DEPT
335REPLACE
336FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
337TRAILING NULLCOLS
338(DEPTNO,
339DNAME "upper(:dname)",
340LOC "upper(:loc)",
341LAST_UPDATED "my_to_date( :last_updated )",
342COMMENTS
343)
344demo20.dat
34510,Sales,Virginia,01-april-2001,This is the Sales
346Office in Virginia|
34720,Accounting,Virginia,13/04/2001,This is the Accounting
348Office in Virginia|
34930,Consulting,Virginia,14/04/2001 12:02:02,This is the Consulting
350Office in Virginia|
35140,Finance,Virginia,987268297,This is the Finance
352Office in Virginia|
353
354==============================================================================
355象這樣的數據 用 nullif 子句
356
35710-jan-200002350Flipper seemed unusually hungry today.
35810510-jan-200009945Spread over three meals.
359
360id position(1:3) nullif id=blanks // 這裏可以是blanks 或者別的表達式
361// 下面是另一個列子 第一行的 1 在數據庫中將成爲 null
362LOAD DATA
363INFILE *
364INTO TABLE T
365REPLACE
366(n position(1:2) integer external nullif n='1',
367v position(3:8)
368)
369BEGINDATA
3701 10
37120lg