mysql主從複製
實驗環境
主：192.168.110.33
從：192.168.110.59
iptables and selinux disabled
主：服務器端
1.安裝並初始化
# yum install -y mysql -mysql-server
#/etc/init.d/mysql start
# mysql_secure_installation #設置root密碼
Set root password? [Y/n] y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
2.用戶、修改/etc/my.cnf文件
# id mysql
uid=27(mysql) gid=27(mysql) groups=27(mysql)
# cp /usr/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
57 server-id = 1 #id唯一
59 binlog-do-db = test #指定同步test數據庫
60 binlog-ignore-db = mysql #避免同步 mysql 數據庫,以免不必要的麻煩
3.創建同步賬戶並授權
# mysql -p密碼
mysql> create database test;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use test;
mysql> create table mysql( username varchar(25) not null, password varchar(25) not null);
mysql> desc mysql;
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| username | varchar(25) | NO | | NULL | |
| password | varchar(25) | NO | | NULL | |
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
mysql> insert into mysql value('girl',123)；
mysql> insert into mysql value('boy',123) ;
mysql> select * from mysql;
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| girl | 123 |
| boy | 123 |
+----------+----------+
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE,RELOAD,SUPER ON *.* TO cyl@'192.168.110.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'cyl&647308';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> quit
Bye
3.備份test數據庫併發送二進制日誌到從
[root@cyl_test1 mysql]# pwd
/var/lib/mysql
# file mysql-bin.000003
mysql-bin.000003: MySQL replication log
# mysqldump -p'cyl&647308' test > test.sql或
#mysqldump -p'數據庫密碼' test > test.sql
# scp test.sql mysql-bin.000003 192.168.110.59:
從:客戶端
1.安裝、初始化、修改/etc/my.cnf文件
# yum install -y mysql -mysql-server
#/etc/init.d/mysql start
# mysql_secure_installation #設置root密碼
Set root password? [Y/n] y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
# vim /etc/my.cnf
server-id = 2 #id唯一
2.用戶、登錄同步賬戶（用戶必須與服務端保持一致）
# id mysql
uid=27(mysql) gid=27(mysql) groups=27(mysql)
# mysql -ucyl -p'cyl&647308' -h 192.168.110.33
mysql> show databases; #若沒有test數據庫手動創建
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| test |
+--------------------+
mysql> quit
Bye
3.將數據庫導入，登錄數據庫看到數據同步成功（在服務端發送二進制文件的位置）
# mysql -p'cyl&647308' test<test.sql 或
#mysql -p'數據庫密碼' test < test.sql
# mysql -p密碼
mysql> use test;
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| mysql |
+----------------+
mysql> select * from mysql;
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| girl | 123 |
| boy | 123 |
+----------+----------+
主：服務端
在服務端查看master的狀態
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 | 1834 | test | mysql |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
從：客戶端
在客戶端設置允許服務端同步數據
# mysql -p
mysql> stop slave;
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.110.33', master_user='cyl',master_password='cyl&647308', master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',master_log_pos=1834; #此用戶爲master端授權的同步用戶
mysql> start slave;
mysql> show slave status\G;
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.110.33
Master_User: cyl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1834
Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 251
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
主：服務端
改動數據庫數據觀察從是否同步
# mysql -p密碼
mysql> use test;
mysql> insert into mysql value ('love',123);
mysql> select * from mysql;
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| girl | 123 |
| boy | 123 |
| love | 123 |
+----------+----------+
從：客戶端
# mysql -p密碼
mysql> use test;
mysql> select * from mysql;
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| girl | 123 |
| boy | 123 |
| love | 123 |
+----------+----------+
主：服務端
mysql> delete from mysql where username='love';
從：客戶端
mysql> select * from mysql;
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| girl | 123 |
| boy | 123 |
+----------+----------+