(十七) 整合spring cloud雲架構 -消息驅動 Spring Cloud Stream

在使用spring cloud雲架構的時候，我們不得不使用Spring cloud Stream，因爲消息中間件的使用在項目中無處不在，我們公司後面做了娛樂方面的APP，在使用spring cloud做架構的時候，其中消息的異步通知，業務的異步處理都需要使用消息中間件機制。spring cloud的官方給出的集成建議（使用rabbit mq和kafka），我看了一下源碼和配置，只要把rabbit mq集成，kafka只是換了一個pom配置jar包而已，閒話少說，我們就直接進入配置實施：

1. 簡介：
   Spring cloud Stream 數據流操作開發包，封裝了與Redis,Rabbit、Kafka等發送接收消息。
2. 使用工具：
   rabbit，具體的下載和安裝細節我這裏不做太多講解，網上的實例太多了
3. 創建commonservice-mq-producer消息的發送者項目，在pom裏面配置stream-rabbit的依賴

<span style="font-size: 16px;"><!-- 引入MQ消息驅動的微服務包，引入stream只需要進行配置化即可，是對rabbit、kafka很好的封裝 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-stream-rabbit</artifactId>
</dependency></span>

4.在yml文件裏面配置rabbit mq

<span style="font-size: 16px;">server:
  port: 5666
spring:
  application:
    name: commonservice-mq-producer
  profiles: 
    active: dev
  cloud:
    config:
      discovery: 
        enabled: true
        service-id: commonservice-config-server
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"># rabbitmq和kafka都有相關配置的默認值，如果修改，可以再次進行配置
    stream:
      bindings:
        mqScoreOutput: 
          destination: honghu_exchange
          contentType: application/json
          
  rabbitmq:
     host: localhost
     port: 5672
     username: honghu
     password: honghu</span>
eureka: 
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://honghu:123456@localhost:8761/eureka
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true</span>

5定義接口ProducerService

<span style="font-size: 16px;">package com.honghu.cloud.producer;

import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.Output;
import org.springframework.messaging.SubscribableChannel;

public interface ProducerService {
    
    String SCORE_OUPUT = "mqScoreOutput";
    
    @Output(ProducerService.SCORE_OUPUT)
    SubscribableChannel sendMessage();
}</span>

6 定義綁定

<span style="font-size: 16px;">package com.honghu.cloud.producer;

import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.EnableBinding;

@EnableBinding(ProducerService.class)
public class SendServerConfig {

}</span>

7定義發送消息業務ProducerController

<span style="font-size: 16px;">package com.honghu.cloud.controller;


import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.integration.support.MessageBuilder;
import org.springframework.messaging.Message;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.honghu.cloud.common.code.ResponseCode;
import com.honghu.cloud.common.code.ResponseVO;
import com.honghu.cloud.entity.User;
import com.honghu.cloud.producer.ProducerService;

import net.sf.json.JSONObject;

@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "producer")
public class ProducerController {
    
    @Autowired
    private ProducerService producerService;
    
    
    /**
     * 通過get方式發送</span>對象<span style="font-size: 16px;">
     * @param name 路徑參數
     * @return 成功|失敗
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/sendObj", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public ResponseVO sendObj() {
        User user = new User(1, "hello User");
        <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">Message<User> msg = MessageBuilder.withPayload(user).build();</span>
        boolean result = producerService.sendMessage().send(msg);
        if(result){
            return ResponseCode.buildEnumResponseVO(ResponseCode.RESPONSE_CODE_SUCCESS, false);
        }
        return ResponseCode.buildEnumResponseVO(ResponseCode.RESPONSE_CODE_FAILURE, false);
    }
    
    
    /**
     * 通過get方式發送字符串消息
     * @param name 路徑參數
     * @return 成功|失敗
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/send/{name}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public ResponseVO send(@PathVariable(value = "name", required = true) String name) {
        Message msg = MessageBuilder.withPayload(name.getBytes()).build();
        boolean result = producerService.sendMessage().send(msg);
        if(result){
            return ResponseCode.buildEnumResponseVO(ResponseCode.RESPONSE_CODE_SUCCESS, false);
        }
        return ResponseCode.buildEnumResponseVO(ResponseCode.RESPONSE_CODE_FAILURE, false);
    }
    
    /**
     * 通過post方式發送</span>json對象<span style="font-size: 16px;">
     * @param name 路徑參數
     * @return 成功|失敗
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/sendJsonObj", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public ResponseVO sendJsonObj(@RequestBody JSONObject jsonObj) {
        Message<JSONObject> msg = MessageBuilder.withPayload(jsonObj).build();
        boolean result = producerService.sendMessage().send(msg);
        if(result){
            return ResponseCode.buildEnumResponseVO(ResponseCode.RESPONSE_CODE_SUCCESS, false);
        }
        return ResponseCode.buildEnumResponseVO(ResponseCode.RESPONSE_CODE_FAILURE, false);
    }
}
</span>

8創建commonservice-mq-consumer1消息的消費者項目，在pom裏面配置stream-rabbit的依賴

<!-- 引入MQ消息驅動的微服務包，引入stream只需要進行配置化即可，是對rabbit、kafka很好的封裝 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-stream-rabbit</artifactId>
</dependency>

9在yml文件中配置：

server:
  port: 5111
spring:
  application:
    name: commonservice-mq-consumer1
  profiles: 
    active: dev
  cloud:
    config:
      discovery: 
        enabled: true
        service-id: commonservice-config-server
        
    <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">stream:
      bindings:
        mqScoreInput:
          group: honghu_queue
          destination: honghu_exchange
          contentType: application/json
          
  rabbitmq:
     host: localhost
     port: 5672
     username: honghu
     password: honghu</span>
eureka: 
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://honghu:123456@localhost:8761/eureka
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true

10定義接口ConsumerService

package com.honghu.cloud.consumer;

import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.Input;
import org.springframework.messaging.SubscribableChannel;

public interface ConsumerService {
    
    <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">String SCORE_INPUT = "mqScoreInput";

    @Input(ConsumerService.SCORE_INPUT)
    SubscribableChannel sendMessage();</span>

}

11 定義啓動類和消息消費

package com.honghu.cloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.EnableBinding;
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.StreamListener;

import com.honghu.cloud.consumer.ConsumerService;
import com.honghu.cloud.entity.User;

@EnableEurekaClient
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableBinding(ConsumerService.class) //可以綁定多個接口
public class ConsumerApplication {
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class, args);
    }
    
    <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">@StreamListener(ConsumerService.SCORE_INPUT)
    public void onMessage(Object obj) {
        System.out.println("消費者1，接收到的消息：" + obj);
    }</span>

}

12 分別啓動commonservice-mq-producer、commonservice-mq-consumer1

13 通過postman來驗證消息的發送和接收

可以看到接收到了消息，下一章我們介紹mq的集羣方案。

到此，整個消息中心方案集成完畢
歡迎大家和我一起學習spring cloud構建微服務雲架構，我這邊會將近期研發的spring cloud微服務雲架構的搭建過程和精髓記錄下來，幫助更多有興趣研發spring cloud框架的朋友，大家來一起探討spring cloud架構的搭建過程及如何運用於企業項目。