centos7/redhat7雙網卡綁定

1. 簡要
   雙網卡綁定技術在centos7中使用了teaming技術，而在rhel6/centos7中使用的是bonding技術，
   在centos7中雙網卡綁定既能使用teaming也可以使用bonding，這裏推薦使用teaming技術，方便與查看和監控。

2. 原理
   這裏介紹兩種最常見的雙網卡綁定模式：
   （1） roundrobin - 輪詢模式
   所有鏈路處於負載均衡狀態，這種模式的特點增加了帶寬，同時支持容錯能力。
   （2） activebackup - 主備模式
   一個網卡處於活動狀態，另一個處於備份狀態，所有流量都在主鏈路上處理，當活動網卡down掉時，啓用備份網卡。

3. 基礎環境
   系統：centos7

   在centos7中，關閉虛擬機添加網卡，再開啓虛擬機，系統是不會自動生成網卡的配置文件：

   在centos7中要生成網卡配置文件的方法很簡單，使用如下命令：

   查看物理網卡信息

   [root@localhost ~]# nmcli dev
   DEVICE TYPE STATE CONNECTION
   eno16777736 ethernet connected eno16777736
   eno33554984 ethernet connected Wired connection 1
   eno50332208 ethernet connected Wired connection 2
   lo loopback unmanaged --

上面的信息可以看到，一共有四張網卡，其中lo是本地迴環網卡，另外三張爲物理網卡。

# 查看網卡連接信息

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE
Wired connection 2 9a1314bf-d273-406a-930a-dc4160dee4ec 802-3-ethernet eno50332208
Wired connection 1 47eef4a3-7fa4-4a73-83ef-1485bda9b950 802-3-ethernet eno33554984
eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736
上面的信息可以查看到一共有3個連接，其中兩個有線連接，表示沒有設置過的網卡連接，還有一個enoxx連接。接下來要修改兩個有線連接的命名方法，並生成網卡配置文件：

# 首先，刪除兩個無用的有線連接

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del 9a1314bf-d273-406a-930a-dc4160dee4ec
Connection 'Wired connection 2' (9a1314bf-d273-406a-930a-dc4160dee4ec) successfully deleted.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del 47eef4a3-7fa4-4a73-83ef-1485bda9b950
Connection 'Wired connection 1' (47eef4a3-7fa4-4a73-83ef-1485bda9b950) successfully deleted.

再次創建新的連接並生成配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli conn add type ethernet con-name eno50332208 ifname eno50332208
Connection 'eno50332208' (eea2a115-63f8-4f33-be84-12559f02542c) successfully added.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli conn add type ethernet con-name eno33554984 ifname eno33554984
Connection 'eno33554984' (32d2389e-4e82-4419-9d18-5aff8f0be003) successfully added.

# 最後，查看下

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE
eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736
eno33554984 32d2389e-4e82-4419-9d18-5aff8f0be003 802-3-ethernet eno33554984
eno50332208 eea2a115-63f8-4f33-be84-12559f02542c 802-3-ethernet eno50332208

[root@localhost ~]# ll /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno*
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 394 Nov 26 05:59 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno16777736
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 288 Dec 26 08:44 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno33554984
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 288 Dec 26 08:44 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno50332208

網絡連接和配置文件都成功生成了。 接下來通過eno33554984 和 eno50332208 使用teaming模式進行雙網卡綁定

4. roundrobin模式：

   roundrobin模式也稱爲輪詢模式，它 基於每一個包 ，當某一臺服務器的兩張網卡設置爲roundrobin模式teaming，此時服務器發出的數據包，就會在兩個物理
   網卡上進行輪詢，即第一個數據包走一張網卡，第二個數據包走第二張網卡，依次輪詢。
   注意：
   （1）roundrobin具有容錯性，當一張網卡down掉，數據包依然發送成功。
   （2）在使用roundrobin模式必須要在交換機上做以太通道，不然會出現網絡無法連通。

   實際操作：

   使用nmcli命令操作，創建team接口team0，同時設置teaming模式爲roundrobin

   [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team con-name team0 ifname team0 config '{"runner":{"name": "roundrobin"}}'
   Connection 'team0' (9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f) successfully added.

   給接口team0設置ip地址

   [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con modify team0 ipv4.address '10.0.0.2/24' ipv4.gateway '10.0.0.1'

   設置爲手動模式，取消DHCP

   [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con modify team0 ipv4.method manual

   將兩張物理網卡加入到team中

   [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port1 ifname eno33554984 master team0
   Connection 'team0-port1' (22d3640e-f5c8-499c-b0dd-913c8970d800) successfully added.
   [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port2 ifname eno50332208 master team0
   Connection 'team0-port2' (12660d2a-0e1f-41e6-96b2-53de4fc6b78c) successfully added.
   [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
   NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE
   team0-port2 12660d2a-0e1f-41e6-96b2-53de4fc6b78c 802-3-ethernet --
   eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736
   team0-port1 22d3640e-f5c8-499c-b0dd-913c8970d800 802-3-ethernet --
   team0 9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f team team0
   eno33554984 32d2389e-4e82-4419-9d18-5aff8f0be003 802-3-ethernet eno33554984
   eno50332208 eea2a115-63f8-4f33-be84-12559f02542c 802-3-ethernet eno50332208

   查看team0的狀態

[root@localhost ~]# teamdctl team0 st
setup:
runner: roundrobin

4.1 roundrobin問題排查

第一次查看出現的是這樣的結果，檢查下配置：

# 通過直接查看網卡發現team0並沒有啓動

[root@localhost ~]# ip a | grep team0
5: team0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN

# 使用ifup 啓動team0並沒有成功，繼續排查

[root@localhost ~]# ifup team0
[root@localhost ~]# ip a | grep team0
5: team0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN

直接sysetmctl restart network 也沒有成功。

# 發現team0-port1 team0-port2沒有添加成功物理網卡，怎麼回事呢？

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE
team0-port2 ec96c1e1-d268-4ba1-a2f9-0133a9f02655 802-3-ethernet --
eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736
team0-port1 22d3640e-f5c8-499c-b0dd-913c8970d800 802-3-ethernet --
team0 9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f team team0
eno33554984 32d2389e-4e82-4419-9d18-5aff8f0be003 802-3-ethernet eno33554984
eno50332208 eea2a115-63f8-4f33-be84-12559f02542c 802-3-ethernet eno50332208

# 刪除掉

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del team0-port1
Connection 'team0-port1' (22d3640e-f5c8-499c-b0dd-913c8970d800) successfully deleted.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del team0-port2
Connection 'team0-port2' (ec96c1e1-d268-4ba1-a2f9-0133a9f02655) successfully deleted.

# 刪除兩張物理網卡的連接

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE
eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736
team0 9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f team team0
eno33554984 32d2389e-4e82-4419-9d18-5aff8f0be003 802-3-ethernet eno33554984
eno50332208 eea2a115-63f8-4f33-be84-12559f02542c 802-3-ethernet eno50332208
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del eno33554984 eno50332208
Connection 'eno33554984' (32d2389e-4e82-4419-9d18-5aff8f0be003) successfully deleted.
Connection 'eno50332208' (eea2a115-63f8-4f33-be84-12559f02542c) successfully deleted.

刪除成功

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE
eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736
team0 9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f team team0

# 再次將兩張物理網卡添加到team

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port1 ifname eno33554984 master team0
Connection 'team0-port1' (0331ea43-95c0-4106-b388-8484d4c3940d) successfully added.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port2 ifname eno50332208 master team0
Connection 'team0-port2' (880f2146-fe93-42dd-8d28-7d0dd50b4011) successfully added.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE
team0-port1 0331ea43-95c0-4106-b388-8484d4c3940d 802-3-ethernet eno33554984
eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736
team0 9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f team team0
team0-port2 880f2146-fe93-42dd-8d28-7d0dd50b4011 802-3-ethernet eno50332208

現在成功將兩張物理網卡綁定到了team組中

# 現在查看team0的狀態就出現了，模式是：roundrobin

[root@localhost ~]# teamdctl team0 st
setup:
runner: roundrobin
ports:
eno33554984
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
down count: 0
eno50332208
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
down count: 0

這樣，team模式的roundrobin搭建成功。

總結：
在做鏈路聚合的時候，所要使用到的物理網卡不能獨立存在連接，也就是在nmcli con sh查看時，不能獨立存在，否則就無法綁定到team模式中。

4.2 測試

因爲這裏是虛擬機環境，只能通過down掉網卡進行查看。

[root@localhost ~]# teamdctl team0 st
setup:
runner: roundrobin
ports:
eno33554984
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
down count: 0
eno50332208
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
down count: 0

兩張網卡同時在線，現在down掉其中一張網卡，

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del team0-port1
Connection 'team0-port1' (0331ea43-95c0-4106-b388-8484d4c3940d) successfully deleted.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE
eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736
team0 9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f team team0
team0-port2 880f2146-fe93-42dd-8d28-7d0dd50b4011 802-3-ethernet eno50332208

[root@localhost ~]# teamdctl team0 st
setup:
runner: roundrobin
ports:
eno50332208
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
down count: 0

這樣就發現eno33554984網卡已經down掉了。

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port1 ifname eno33554984 master team0
Connection 'team0-port1' (59acd6bf-affc-4994-a050-83c45816859a) successfully added.
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# teamdctl team0 st
setup:
runner: roundrobin
ports:
eno33554984
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
down count: 0
eno50332208
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
down count: 0

虛擬機環境就這樣測試了吧，至於生產環境就直接拔網線，ping測試。

    轉載來源：https://www.cnblogs.com/hukey/p/6224969.html