centos7/redhat7双网卡绑定

1. 简要
   双网卡绑定技术在centos7中使用了teaming技术，而在rhel6/centos7中使用的是bonding技术，
   在centos7中双网卡绑定既能使用teaming也可以使用bonding，这里推荐使用teaming技术，方便与查看和监控。

2. 原理
   这里介绍两种最常见的双网卡绑定模式：
   （1） roundrobin - 轮询模式
   所有链路处于负载均衡状态，这种模式的特点增加了带宽，同时支持容错能力。
   （2） activebackup - 主备模式
   一个网卡处于活动状态，另一个处于备份状态，所有流量都在主链路上处理，当活动网卡down掉时，启用备份网卡。

3. 基础环境
   系统：centos7

   在centos7中，关闭虚拟机添加网卡，再开启虚拟机，系统是不会自动生成网卡的配置文件：

   在centos7中要生成网卡配置文件的方法很简单，使用如下命令：

   查看物理网卡信息

   [root@localhost ~]# nmcli dev
   DEVICE TYPE STATE CONNECTION
   eno16777736 ethernet connected eno16777736
   eno33554984 ethernet connected Wired connection 1
   eno50332208 ethernet connected Wired connection 2
   lo loopback unmanaged --

上面的信息可以看到，一共有四张网卡，其中lo是本地回环网卡，另外三张为物理网卡。

# 查看网卡连接信息

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE
Wired connection 2 9a1314bf-d273-406a-930a-dc4160dee4ec 802-3-ethernet eno50332208
Wired connection 1 47eef4a3-7fa4-4a73-83ef-1485bda9b950 802-3-ethernet eno33554984
eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736
上面的信息可以查看到一共有3个连接，其中两个有线连接，表示没有设置过的网卡连接，还有一个enoxx连接。接下来要修改两个有线连接的命名方法，并生成网卡配置文件：

# 首先，删除两个无用的有线连接

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del 9a1314bf-d273-406a-930a-dc4160dee4ec
Connection 'Wired connection 2' (9a1314bf-d273-406a-930a-dc4160dee4ec) successfully deleted.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del 47eef4a3-7fa4-4a73-83ef-1485bda9b950
Connection 'Wired connection 1' (47eef4a3-7fa4-4a73-83ef-1485bda9b950) successfully deleted.

再次创建新的连接并生成配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli conn add type ethernet con-name eno50332208 ifname eno50332208
Connection 'eno50332208' (eea2a115-63f8-4f33-be84-12559f02542c) successfully added.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli conn add type ethernet con-name eno33554984 ifname eno33554984
Connection 'eno33554984' (32d2389e-4e82-4419-9d18-5aff8f0be003) successfully added.

# 最后，查看下

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE
eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736
eno33554984 32d2389e-4e82-4419-9d18-5aff8f0be003 802-3-ethernet eno33554984
eno50332208 eea2a115-63f8-4f33-be84-12559f02542c 802-3-ethernet eno50332208

[root@localhost ~]# ll /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno*
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 394 Nov 26 05:59 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno16777736
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 288 Dec 26 08:44 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno33554984
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 288 Dec 26 08:44 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno50332208

网络连接和配置文件都成功生成了。 接下来通过eno33554984 和 eno50332208 使用teaming模式进行双网卡绑定

4. roundrobin模式：

   roundrobin模式也称为轮询模式，它 基于每一个包 ，当某一台服务器的两张网卡设置为roundrobin模式teaming，此时服务器发出的数据包，就会在两个物理
   网卡上进行轮询，即第一个数据包走一张网卡，第二个数据包走第二张网卡，依次轮询。
   注意：
   （1）roundrobin具有容错性，当一张网卡down掉，数据包依然发送成功。
   （2）在使用roundrobin模式必须要在交换机上做以太通道，不然会出现网络无法连通。

   实际操作：

   使用nmcli命令操作，创建team接口team0，同时设置teaming模式为roundrobin

   [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team con-name team0 ifname team0 config '{"runner":{"name": "roundrobin"}}'
   Connection 'team0' (9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f) successfully added.

   给接口team0设置ip地址

   [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con modify team0 ipv4.address '10.0.0.2/24' ipv4.gateway '10.0.0.1'

   设置为手动模式，取消DHCP

   [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con modify team0 ipv4.method manual

   将两张物理网卡加入到team中

   [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port1 ifname eno33554984 master team0
   Connection 'team0-port1' (22d3640e-f5c8-499c-b0dd-913c8970d800) successfully added.
   [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port2 ifname eno50332208 master team0
   Connection 'team0-port2' (12660d2a-0e1f-41e6-96b2-53de4fc6b78c) successfully added.
   [root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
   NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE
   team0-port2 12660d2a-0e1f-41e6-96b2-53de4fc6b78c 802-3-ethernet --
   eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736
   team0-port1 22d3640e-f5c8-499c-b0dd-913c8970d800 802-3-ethernet --
   team0 9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f team team0
   eno33554984 32d2389e-4e82-4419-9d18-5aff8f0be003 802-3-ethernet eno33554984
   eno50332208 eea2a115-63f8-4f33-be84-12559f02542c 802-3-ethernet eno50332208

   查看team0的状态

[root@localhost ~]# teamdctl team0 st
setup:
runner: roundrobin

4.1 roundrobin问题排查

第一次查看出现的是这样的结果，检查下配置：

# 通过直接查看网卡发现team0并没有启动

[root@localhost ~]# ip a | grep team0
5: team0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN

# 使用ifup 启动team0并没有成功，继续排查

[root@localhost ~]# ifup team0
[root@localhost ~]# ip a | grep team0
5: team0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN

直接sysetmctl restart network 也没有成功。

# 发现team0-port1 team0-port2没有添加成功物理网卡，怎么回事呢？

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE
team0-port2 ec96c1e1-d268-4ba1-a2f9-0133a9f02655 802-3-ethernet --
eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736
team0-port1 22d3640e-f5c8-499c-b0dd-913c8970d800 802-3-ethernet --
team0 9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f team team0
eno33554984 32d2389e-4e82-4419-9d18-5aff8f0be003 802-3-ethernet eno33554984
eno50332208 eea2a115-63f8-4f33-be84-12559f02542c 802-3-ethernet eno50332208

# 删除掉

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del team0-port1
Connection 'team0-port1' (22d3640e-f5c8-499c-b0dd-913c8970d800) successfully deleted.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del team0-port2
Connection 'team0-port2' (ec96c1e1-d268-4ba1-a2f9-0133a9f02655) successfully deleted.

# 删除两张物理网卡的连接

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE
eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736
team0 9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f team team0
eno33554984 32d2389e-4e82-4419-9d18-5aff8f0be003 802-3-ethernet eno33554984
eno50332208 eea2a115-63f8-4f33-be84-12559f02542c 802-3-ethernet eno50332208
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del eno33554984 eno50332208
Connection 'eno33554984' (32d2389e-4e82-4419-9d18-5aff8f0be003) successfully deleted.
Connection 'eno50332208' (eea2a115-63f8-4f33-be84-12559f02542c) successfully deleted.

删除成功

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE
eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736
team0 9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f team team0

# 再次将两张物理网卡添加到team

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port1 ifname eno33554984 master team0
Connection 'team0-port1' (0331ea43-95c0-4106-b388-8484d4c3940d) successfully added.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port2 ifname eno50332208 master team0
Connection 'team0-port2' (880f2146-fe93-42dd-8d28-7d0dd50b4011) successfully added.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE
team0-port1 0331ea43-95c0-4106-b388-8484d4c3940d 802-3-ethernet eno33554984
eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736
team0 9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f team team0
team0-port2 880f2146-fe93-42dd-8d28-7d0dd50b4011 802-3-ethernet eno50332208

现在成功将两张物理网卡绑定到了team组中

# 现在查看team0的状态就出现了，模式是：roundrobin

[root@localhost ~]# teamdctl team0 st
setup:
runner: roundrobin
ports:
eno33554984
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
down count: 0
eno50332208
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
down count: 0

这样，team模式的roundrobin搭建成功。

总结：
在做链路聚合的时候，所要使用到的物理网卡不能独立存在连接，也就是在nmcli con sh查看时，不能独立存在，否则就无法绑定到team模式中。

4.2 测试

因为这里是虚拟机环境，只能通过down掉网卡进行查看。

[root@localhost ~]# teamdctl team0 st
setup:
runner: roundrobin
ports:
eno33554984
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
down count: 0
eno50332208
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
down count: 0

两张网卡同时在线，现在down掉其中一张网卡，

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con del team0-port1
Connection 'team0-port1' (0331ea43-95c0-4106-b388-8484d4c3940d) successfully deleted.
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con sh
NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE
eno16777736 51d00668-2cf5-41da-ad8d-5019d62e98ad 802-3-ethernet eno16777736
team0 9dc48bd6-54b9-48db-b7dd-ecf34ae9196f team team0
team0-port2 880f2146-fe93-42dd-8d28-7d0dd50b4011 802-3-ethernet eno50332208

[root@localhost ~]# teamdctl team0 st
setup:
runner: roundrobin
ports:
eno50332208
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
down count: 0

这样就发现eno33554984网卡已经down掉了。

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con add type team-slave con-name team0-port1 ifname eno33554984 master team0
Connection 'team0-port1' (59acd6bf-affc-4994-a050-83c45816859a) successfully added.
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# teamdctl team0 st
setup:
runner: roundrobin
ports:
eno33554984
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
down count: 0
eno50332208
link watches:
link summary: up
instance[link_watch_0]:
name: ethtool
link: up
down count: 0

虚拟机环境就这样测试了吧，至于生产环境就直接拔网线，ping测试。

    转载来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/hukey/p/6224969.html