前言
開心一刻
過年女婿來岳父家走親戚，當時小舅子主就問：姐夫，你什麼時候能給我姐幸福，讓我姐好好享受生活的美好。你們這輩子不準備買一套大點的房子嗎？姐夫說：現在沒錢啊！不過我有一個美麗可愛的女兒，等長大後找個有錢的老公嫁了，那時我就能和你姐一起住大房子了。岳父不樂意的說了一句：當初我也是這麼認爲的，可惜未能如願。
路漫漫其修遠兮，吾將上下而求索！
ServletContext
ServletContext介紹
定義了servlet與其servlet容器通信的一些列方法，例如，獲取文件的MIME類型，分派請求或寫入日誌文件。
Servlet的運行模式是一個典型的“握手型的交互式”運行模式。所謂“握手型的交互式”就是兩個模塊爲了交換數據通常都會準備一個交易場景，這個場景一直跟隨這個交易過程直到這個交易完成爲止。這個交易場景的初始化是根據這次交易對象指定的參數來定製的，這些制定參數通常就是一個配置類。所以對號入座，交易場景由ServletContext來描述，而定製的參數集合由ServletConfig來描述。而ServletRequest和ServletResponse就是要交互的具體對象，它們通常都作爲運輸工具來傳遞交互結果。ServletContext，即servlet上下文，用於存放web應用信息；每個Java虛擬機每個Web項目只有一個ServletContext，它是由Web服務器創建，代表當前web應用。
Servlet 3.0規範之前
我們採用2.5來看下源碼
maven依賴
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>源碼
/*
- The contents of this file are subject to the terms
- of the Common Development and Distribution License
- (the "License"). You may not use this file except
- in compliance with the License.
- You can obtain a copy of the license at
- glassfish/bootstrap/legal/CDDLv1.0.txt or
- https://glassfish.dev.java.net/public/CDDLv1.0.html.
- See the License for the specific language governing
- permissions and limitations under the License.
- When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL
- HEADER in each file and include the License file at
- glassfish/bootstrap/legal/CDDLv1.0.txt. If applicable,
- add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
- fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your
- own identifying information: Portions Copyright [yyyy]
- [name of copyright owner]
- Copyright 2005 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
- Portions Copyright Apache Software Foundation.
*/
package javax.servlet;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Set;
/**
- Defines a set of methods that a servlet uses to communicate with its
- servlet container, for example, to get the MIME type of a file, dispatch
- requests, or write to a log file.
- <p>There is one context per "web application" per Java Virtual Machine. (A
- "web application" is a collection of servlets and content installed under a
- specific subset of the server's URL namespace such as <code>/catalog</code>
- and possibly installed via a <code>.war</code> file.)
- <p>In the case of a web
- application marked "distributed" in its deployment descriptor, there will
- be one context instance for each virtual machine. In this situation, the
- context cannot be used as a location to share global information (because
- the information won't be truly global). Use an external resource like
- a database instead.
- <p>The <code>ServletContext</code> object is contained within
- the {@link ServletConfig} object, which the Web server provides the
- servlet when the servlet is initialized.
- @author Various
- @see Servlet#getServletConfig
- @see ServletConfig#getServletContext
-
*/
public interface ServletContext {
/**
* Returns the context path of the web application.
*
* <p>The context path is the portion of the request URI that is used
* to select the context of the request. The context path always comes
* first in a request URI. The path starts with a "/" character but does
* not end with a "/" character. For servlets in the default (root)
* context, this method returns "".
*
* <p>It is possible that a servlet container may match a context by
* more than one context path. In such cases the
* {@link javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest#getContextPath()}
* will return the actual context path used by the request and it may
* differ from the path returned by this method.
* The context path returned by this method should be considered as the
* prime or preferred context path of the application.
*
* @return The context path of the web application, or "" for the
* default (root) context
*
* @see javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest#getContextPath()
*
* @since Servlet 2.5
*/
public String getContextPath();
/**
* Returns a <code>ServletContext</code> object that
* corresponds to a specified URL on the server.
*
* <p>This method allows servlets to gain
* access to the context for various parts of the server, and as
* needed obtain {@link RequestDispatcher} objects from the context.
* The given path must be begin with "/", is interpreted relative
* to the server's document root and is matched against the context roots of
* other web applications hosted on this container.
*
* <p>In a security conscious environment, the servlet container may
* return <code>null</code> for a given URL.
*
* @param uripath a <code>String</code> specifying the context path of
* another web application in the container.
* @return the <code>ServletContext</code> object that
* corresponds to the named URL, or null if either
none exists or the container wishes to restrict
* this access.
*
* @see RequestDispatcher
*
*/
public ServletContext getContext(String uripath);
/**
* Returns the major version of the Java Servlet API that this
* servlet container supports. All implementations that comply
* with Version 2.5 must have this method
* return the integer 2.
*
* @return 2
*
*/
public int getMajorVersion();
/**
* Returns the minor version of the Servlet API that this
* servlet container supports. All implementations that comply
* with Version 2.5 must have this method
* return the integer 5.
*
* @return 5
*
*/
public int getMinorVersion();
/**
* Returns the MIME type of the specified file, or <code>null</code> if
* the MIME type is not known. The MIME type is determined
* by the configuration of the servlet container, and may be specified
* in a web application deployment descriptor. Common MIME
* types are <code>"text/html"</code> and <code>"image/gif"</code>.
*
*
* @param file a <code>String</code> specifying the name
* of a file
*
* @return a <code>String</code> specifying the file's MIME type
*
*/
public String getMimeType(String file);
/**
* Returns a directory-like listing of all the paths to resources within the web application whose longest sub-path
* matches the supplied path argument. Paths indicating subdirectory paths end with a '/'. The returned paths are all
* relative to the root of the web application and have a leading '/'. For example, for a web application
* containing<br><br>
* /welcome.html<br>
* /catalog/index.html<br>
* /catalog/products.html<br>
* /catalog/offers/books.html<br>
* /catalog/offers/music.html<br>
* /customer/login.jsp<br>
* /WEB-INF/web.xml<br>
* /WEB-INF/classes/com.acme.OrderServlet.class,<br><br>
*
* getResourcePaths("/") returns {"/welcome.html", "/catalog/", "/customer/", "/WEB-INF/"}<br>
* getResourcePaths("/catalog/") returns {"/catalog/index.html", "/catalog/products.html", "/catalog/offers/"}.<br>
*@param path the partial path used to match the resources,
* which must start with a /
*@return a Set containing the directory listing, or null if there are no resources in the web application whose path
* begins with the supplied path.
* @since Servlet 2.3
*/
public Set getResourcePaths(String path);
/**
* Returns a URL to the resource that is mapped to a specified
* path. The path must begin with a "/" and is interpreted
* as relative to the current context root.
*
* <p>This method allows the servlet container to make a resource
* available to servlets from any source. Resources
* can be located on a local or remote
* file system, in a database, or in a <code>.war</code> file.
*
* <p>The servlet container must implement the URL handlers
* and <code>URLConnection</code> objects that are necessary
* to access the resource.
*
* <p>This method returns <code>null</code>
* if no resource is mapped to the pathname.
*
* <p>Some containers may allow writing to the URL returned by
* this method using the methods of the URL class.
*
* <p>The resource content is returned directly, so be aware that
* requesting a <code>.jsp</code> page returns the JSP source code.
* Use a <code>RequestDispatcher</code> instead to include results of
* an execution.
*
* <p>This method has a different purpose than
* <code>java.lang.Class.getResource</code>,
* which looks up resources based on a class loader. This
* method does not use class loaders.
*
* @param path a <code>String</code> specifying
* the path to the resource
*
* @return the resource located at the named path,
* or <code>null</code> if there is no resource
* at that path
*
* @exception MalformedURLException if the pathname is not given in
* the correct form
*
*/
public URL getResource(String path) throws MalformedURLException;
/**
* Returns the resource located at the named path as
* an <code>InputStream</code> object.
*
* <p>The data in the <code>InputStream</code> can be
* of any type or length. The path must be specified according
* to the rules given in <code>getResource</code>.
* This method returns <code>null</code> if no resource exists at
* the specified path.
*
* <p>Meta-information such as content length and content type
* that is available via <code>getResource</code>
* method is lost when using this method.
*
* <p>The servlet container must implement the URL handlers
* and <code>URLConnection</code> objects necessary to access
* the resource.
*
* <p>This method is different from
* <code>java.lang.Class.getResourceAsStream</code>,
* which uses a class loader. This method allows servlet containers
* to make a resource available
* to a servlet from any location, without using a class loader.
*
*
* @param path a <code>String</code> specifying the path
* to the resource
*
* @return the <code>InputStream</code> returned to the
* servlet, or <code>null</code> if no resource
* exists at the specified path
*
*
*/
public InputStream getResourceAsStream(String path);
/**
*
* Returns a {@link RequestDispatcher} object that acts
* as a wrapper for the resource located at the given path.
* A <code>RequestDispatcher</code> object can be used to forward
* a request to the resource or to include the resource in a response.
* The resource can be dynamic or static.
*
* <p>The pathname must begin with a "/" and is interpreted as relative
* to the current context root. Use <code>getContext</code> to obtain
* a <code>RequestDispatcher</code> for resources in foreign contexts.
* This method returns <code>null</code> if the <code>ServletContext</code>
* cannot return a <code>RequestDispatcher</code>.
*
* @param path a <code>String</code> specifying the pathname
* to the resource
*
* @return a <code>RequestDispatcher</code> object
* that acts as a wrapper for the resource
* at the specified path, or <code>null</code> if
* the <code>ServletContext</code> cannot return
* a <code>RequestDispatcher</code>
*
* @see RequestDispatcher
* @see ServletContext#getContext
*
*/
public RequestDispatcher getRequestDispatcher(String path);
/**
* Returns a {@link RequestDispatcher} object that acts
* as a wrapper for the named servlet.
*
* <p>Servlets (and JSP pages also) may be given names via server
* administration or via a web application deployment descriptor.
* A servlet instance can determine its name using
* {@link ServletConfig#getServletName}.
*
* <p>This method returns <code>null</code> if the
* <code>ServletContext</code>
* cannot return a <code>RequestDispatcher</code> for any reason.
*
* @param name a <code>String</code> specifying the name
* of a servlet to wrap
*
* @return a <code>RequestDispatcher</code> object
* that acts as a wrapper for the named servlet,
* or <code>null</code> if the <code>ServletContext</code>
* cannot return a <code>RequestDispatcher</code>
*
* @see RequestDispatcher
* @see ServletContext#getContext
* @see ServletConfig#getServletName
*
*/
public RequestDispatcher getNamedDispatcher(String name);
/**
*
* @deprecated As of Java Servlet API 2.1, with no direct replacement.
*
* <p>This method was originally defined to retrieve a servlet
* from a <code>ServletContext</code>. In this version, this method
* always returns <code>null</code> and remains only to preserve
* binary compatibility. This method will be permanently removed
* in a future version of the Java Servlet API.
*
* <p>In lieu of this method, servlets can share information using the
* <code>ServletContext</code> class and can perform shared business logic
* by invoking methods on common non-servlet classes.
*
*/
public Servlet getServlet(String name) throws ServletException;
/**
*
* @deprecated As of Java Servlet API 2.0, with no replacement.
*
* <p>This method was originally defined to return an <code>Enumeration</code>
* of all the servlets known to this servlet context. In this
* version, this method always returns an empty enumeration and
* remains only to preserve binary compatibility. This method
* will be permanently removed in a future version of the Java
* Servlet API.
*
*/
public Enumeration getServlets();
/**
* @deprecated As of Java Servlet API 2.1, with no replacement.
*
* <p>This method was originally defined to return an
* <code>Enumeration</code>
* of all the servlet names known to this context. In this version,
* this method always returns an empty <code>Enumeration</code> and
* remains only to preserve binary compatibility. This method will
* be permanently removed in a future version of the Java Servlet API.
*
*/
public Enumeration getServletNames();
/**
*
* Writes the specified message to a servlet log file, usually
* an event log. The name and type of the servlet log file is
* specific to the servlet container.
*
*
* @param msg a <code>String</code> specifying the
* message to be written to the log file
*
*/
public void log(String msg);
/**
* @deprecated As of Java Servlet API 2.1, use
* {@link #log(String message, Throwable throwable)}
* instead.
*
* <p>This method was originally defined to write an
* exception's stack trace and an explanatory error message
* to the servlet log file.
*
*/
public void log(Exception exception, String msg);
/**
* Writes an explanatory message and a stack trace
* for a given <code>Throwable</code> exception
* to the servlet log file. The name and type of the servlet log
* file is specific to the servlet container, usually an event log.
*
*
* @param message a <code>String</code> that
* describes the error or exception
*
* @param throwable the <code>Throwable</code> error
* or exception
*
*/
public void log(String message, Throwable throwable);
/**
* Returns a <code>String</code> containing the real path
* for a given virtual path. For example, the path "/index.html"
* returns the absolute file path on the server's filesystem would be
* served by a request for "http://host/contextPath/index.html",
* where contextPath is the context path of this ServletContext..
*
* <p>The real path returned will be in a form
* appropriate to the computer and operating system on
* which the servlet container is running, including the
* proper path separators. This method returns <code>null</code>
* if the servlet container cannot translate the virtual path
* to a real path for any reason (such as when the content is
* being made available from a <code>.war</code> archive).
*
*
* @param path a <code>String</code> specifying a virtual path
*
*
* @return a <code>String</code> specifying the real path,
* or null if the translation cannot be performed
*
*
*/
public String getRealPath(String path);
/**
* Returns the name and version of the servlet container on which
* the servlet is running.
*
* <p>The form of the returned string is
* <i>servername</i>/<i>versionnumber</i>.
* For example, the JavaServer Web Development Kit may return the string
* <code>JavaServer Web Dev Kit/1.0</code>.
*
* <p>The servlet container may return other optional information
* after the primary string in parentheses, for example,
* <code>JavaServer Web Dev Kit/1.0 (JDK 1.1.6; Windows NT 4.0 x86)</code>.
*
*
* @return a <code>String</code> containing at least the
* servlet container name and version number
*
*/
public String getServerInfo();
/**
* Returns a <code>String</code> containing the value of the named
* context-wide initialization parameter, or <code>null</code> if the
* parameter does not exist.
*
* <p>This method can make available configuration information useful
* to an entire "web application". For example, it can provide a
* webmaster's email address or the name of a system that holds
* critical data.
*
* @param name a <code>String</code> containing the name of the
* parameter whose value is requested
*
* @return a <code>String</code> containing at least the
* servlet container name and version number
*
* @see ServletConfig#getInitParameter
*/
public String getInitParameter(String name);
/**
* Returns the names of the context's initialization parameters as an
* <code>Enumeration</code> of <code>String</code> objects, or an
* empty <code>Enumeration</code> if the context has no initialization
* parameters.
*
* @return an <code>Enumeration</code> of <code>String</code>
* objects containing the names of the context's
* initialization parameters
*
* @see ServletConfig#getInitParameter
*/
public Enumeration getInitParameterNames();
/**
* Returns the servlet container attribute with the given name,
* or <code>null</code> if there is no attribute by that name.
* An attribute allows a servlet container to give the
* servlet additional information not
* already provided by this interface. See your
* server documentation for information about its attributes.
* A list of supported attributes can be retrieved using
* <code>getAttributeNames</code>.
*
* <p>The attribute is returned as a <code>java.lang.Object</code>
* or some subclass.
* Attribute names should follow the same convention as package
* names. The Java Servlet API specification reserves names
* matching <code>java.*</code>, <code>javax.*</code>,
* and <code>sun.*</code>.
*
*
* @param name a <code>String</code> specifying the name
* of the attribute
*
* @return an <code>Object</code> containing the value
* of the attribute, or <code>null</code>
* if no attribute exists matching the given
* name
*
* @see ServletContext#getAttributeNames
*
*/
public Object getAttribute(String name);
/**
* Returns an <code>Enumeration</code> containing the
* attribute names available
* within this servlet context. Use the
* {@link #getAttribute} method with an attribute name
* to get the value of an attribute.
*
* @return an <code>Enumeration</code> of attribute
* names
*
* @see #getAttribute
*
*/
public Enumeration getAttributeNames();
/**
*
* Binds an object to a given attribute name in this servlet context. If
* the name specified is already used for an attribute, this
* method will replace the attribute with the new to the new attribute.
* <p>If listeners are configured on the <code>ServletContext</code> the
* container notifies them accordingly.
* <p>
* If a null value is passed, the effect is the same as calling
* <code>removeAttribute()</code>.
*
* <p>Attribute names should follow the same convention as package
* names. The Java Servlet API specification reserves names
* matching <code>java.*</code>, <code>javax.*</code>, and
* <code>sun.*</code>.
*
*
* @param name a <code>String</code> specifying the name
* of the attribute
*
* @param object an <code>Object</code> representing the
* attribute to be bound
*
*
*
*/
public void setAttribute(String name, Object object);
/**
* Removes the attribute with the given name from
* the servlet context. After removal, subsequent calls to
* {@link #getAttribute} to retrieve the attribute's value
* will return <code>null</code>.
* <p>If listeners are configured on the <code>ServletContext</code> the
* container notifies them accordingly.
*
*
* @param name a <code>String</code> specifying the name
* of the attribute to be removed
*
*/
public void removeAttribute(String name);
/**
* Returns the name of this web application corresponding to this ServletContext as specified in the deployment
* descriptor for this web application by the display-name element.
*
*
* @return The name of the web application or null if no name has been declared in the deployment descriptor.
* @since Servlet 2.3
*/
public String getServletContextName();}
定義了 一些列的方法，具體就不看了，有興趣的可以詳細看下
Servlet 3.0+ 規範
我們採用4.0.1來看下源碼
maven依賴
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
源碼
/*
* Copyright (c) 1997-2018 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
* Copyright 2004 The Apache Software Foundation
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package javax.servlet;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.EnumSet;
import java.util.EventListener;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.servlet.descriptor.JspConfigDescriptor;
/**
* Defines a set of methods that a servlet uses to communicate with its
* servlet container, for example, to get the MIME type of a file,
* dispatch requests, or write to a log file.
*
* <p>There is one context per "web application" per Java Virtual Machine. (A
* "web application" is a collection of servlets and content installed under a
* specific subset of the server's URL namespace such as <code>/catalog</code>
* and possibly installed via a <code>.war</code> file.)
*
* <p>In the case of a web
* application marked "distributed" in its deployment descriptor, there will
* be one context instance for each virtual machine. In this situation, the
* context cannot be used as a location to share global information (because
* the information won't be truly global). Use an external resource like
* a database instead.
*
* <p>The <code>ServletContext</code> object is contained within
* the {@link ServletConfig} object, which the Web server provides the
* servlet when the servlet is initialized.
*
* @author Various
*
* @see Servlet#getServletConfig
* @see ServletConfig#getServletContext
*/
public interface ServletContext {
/**
* The name of the <tt>ServletContext</tt> attribute which stores
* the private temporary directory (of type <tt>java.io.File</tt>)
* provided by the servlet container for the <tt>ServletContext</tt>
*/
public static final String TEMPDIR = "javax.servlet.context.tempdir";
/**
* The name of the <code>ServletContext</code> attribute whose value
* (of type <code>java.util.List<java.lang.String></code>) contains
* the list of names of JAR files in <code>WEB-INF/lib</code> ordered by
* their web fragment names (with possible exclusions if
* <code><absolute-ordering></code> without any
* <code><others/></code> is being used), or null if no
* absolute or relative ordering has been specified
*/
public static final String ORDERED_LIBS =
"javax.servlet.context.orderedLibs";
/**
* Returns the context path of the web application.
*
* <p>The context path is the portion of the request URI that is used
* to select the context of the request. The context path always comes
* first in a request URI. If this context is the "root" context
* rooted at the base of the Web server's URL name space, this path
* will be an empty string. Otherwise, if the context is not rooted at
* the root of the server's name space, the path starts with a /
* character but does not end with a / character.
*
* <p>It is possible that a servlet container may match a context by
* more than one context path. In such cases the
* {@link javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest#getContextPath()}
* will return the actual context path used by the request and it may
* differ from the path returned by this method.
* The context path returned by this method should be considered as the
* prime or preferred context path of the application.
*
* @return The context path of the web application, or "" for the
* root context
*
* @see javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest#getContextPath()
*
* @since Servlet 2.5
*/
public String getContextPath();
/**
* Returns a <code>ServletContext</code> object that
* corresponds to a specified URL on the server.
*
* <p>This method allows servlets to gain
* access to the context for various parts of the server, and as
* needed obtain {@link RequestDispatcher} objects from the context.
* The given path must be begin with <tt>/</tt>, is interpreted relative
* to the server's document root and is matched against the context
* roots of other web applications hosted on this container.
*
* <p>In a security conscious environment, the servlet container may
* return <code>null</code> for a given URL.
*
* @param uripath a <code>String</code> specifying the context path of
* another web application in the container.
* @return the <code>ServletContext</code> object that
* corresponds to the named URL, or null if either
none exists or the container wishes to restrict
* this access.
*
* @see RequestDispatcher
*/
public ServletContext getContext(String uripath);
/**
* Returns the major version of the Servlet API that this
* servlet container supports. All implementations that comply
* with Version 4.0 must have this method return the integer 4.
*
* @return 4
*/
public int getMajorVersion();
/**
* Returns the minor version of the Servlet API that this
* servlet container supports. All implementations that comply
* with Version 4.0 must have this method return the integer 0.
*
* @return 0
*/
public int getMinorVersion();
/**
* Gets the major version of the Servlet specification that the
* application represented by this ServletContext is based on.
*
* <p>The value returned may be different from {@link #getMajorVersion},
* which returns the major version of the Servlet specification
* supported by the Servlet container.
*
* @return the major version of the Servlet specification that the
* application represented by this ServletContext is based on
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @since Servlet 3.0
*/
public int getEffectiveMajorVersion();
/**
* Gets the minor version of the Servlet specification that the
* application represented by this ServletContext is based on.
*
* <p>The value returned may be different from {@link #getMinorVersion},
* which returns the minor version of the Servlet specification
* supported by the Servlet container.
*
* @return the minor version of the Servlet specification that the
* application represented by this ServletContext is based on
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @since Servlet 3.0
*/
public int getEffectiveMinorVersion();
/**
* Returns the MIME type of the specified file, or <code>null</code> if
* the MIME type is not known. The MIME type is determined
* by the configuration of the servlet container, and may be specified
* in a web application deployment descriptor. Common MIME
* types include <code>text/html</code> and <code>image/gif</code>.
*
* @param file a <code>String</code> specifying the name of a file
*
* @return a <code>String</code> specifying the file's MIME type
*/
public String getMimeType(String file);
/**
* Returns a directory-like listing of all the paths to resources
* within the web application whose longest sub-path matches the
* supplied path argument.
*
* <p>Paths indicating subdirectory paths end with a <tt>/</tt>.
*
* <p>The returned paths are all relative to the root of the web
* application, or relative to the <tt>/META-INF/resources</tt>
* directory of a JAR file inside the web application's
* <tt>/WEB-INF/lib</tt> directory, and have a leading <tt>/</tt>.
*
* <p>The returned set is not backed by the {@code ServletContext} object,
* so changes in the returned set are not reflected in the
* {@code ServletContext} object, and vice-versa.</p>
*
* <p>For example, for a web application containing:
*
* <pre>{@code
* /welcome.html
* /catalog/index.html
* /catalog/products.html
* /catalog/offers/books.html
* /catalog/offers/music.html
* /customer/login.jsp
* /WEB-INF/web.xml
* /WEB-INF/classes/com.acme.OrderServlet.class
* /WEB-INF/lib/catalog.jar!/META-INF/resources/catalog/moreOffers/books.html
* }</pre>
*
* <tt>getResourcePaths("/")</tt> would return
* <tt>{"/welcome.html", "/catalog/", "/customer/", "/WEB-INF/"}</tt>,
* and <tt>getResourcePaths("/catalog/")</tt> would return
* <tt>{"/catalog/index.html", "/catalog/products.html",
* "/catalog/offers/", "/catalog/moreOffers/"}</tt>.
*
* @param path the partial path used to match the resources,
* which must start with a <tt>/</tt>
* @return a Set containing the directory listing, or null if there
* are no resources in the web application whose path
* begins with the supplied path.
*
* @since Servlet 2.3
*/
public Set<String> getResourcePaths(String path);
/**
* Returns a URL to the resource that is mapped to the given path.
*
* <p>The path must begin with a <tt>/</tt> and is interpreted
* as relative to the current context root,
* or relative to the <tt>/META-INF/resources</tt> directory
* of a JAR file inside the web application's <tt>/WEB-INF/lib</tt>
* directory.
* This method will first search the document root of the
* web application for the requested resource, before searching
* any of the JAR files inside <tt>/WEB-INF/lib</tt>.
* The order in which the JAR files inside <tt>/WEB-INF/lib</tt>
* are searched is undefined.
*
* <p>This method allows the servlet container to make a resource
* available to servlets from any source. Resources
* can be located on a local or remote
* file system, in a database, or in a <code>.war</code> file.
*
* <p>The servlet container must implement the URL handlers
* and <code>URLConnection</code> objects that are necessary
* to access the resource.
*
* <p>This method returns <code>null</code>
* if no resource is mapped to the pathname.
*
* <p>Some containers may allow writing to the URL returned by
* this method using the methods of the URL class.
*
* <p>The resource content is returned directly, so be aware that
* requesting a <code>.jsp</code> page returns the JSP source code.
* Use a <code>RequestDispatcher</code> instead to include results of
* an execution.
*
* <p>This method has a different purpose than
* <code>java.lang.Class.getResource</code>,
* which looks up resources based on a class loader. This
* method does not use class loaders.
*
* @param path a <code>String</code> specifying
* the path to the resource
*
* @return the resource located at the named path,
* or <code>null</code> if there is no resource at that path
*
* @exception MalformedURLException if the pathname is not given in
* the correct form
*/
public URL getResource(String path) throws MalformedURLException;
/**
* Returns the resource located at the named path as
* an <code>InputStream</code> object.
*
* <p>The data in the <code>InputStream</code> can be
* of any type or length. The path must be specified according
* to the rules given in <code>getResource</code>.
* This method returns <code>null</code> if no resource exists at
* the specified path.
*
* <p>Meta-information such as content length and content type
* that is available via <code>getResource</code>
* method is lost when using this method.
*
* <p>The servlet container must implement the URL handlers
* and <code>URLConnection</code> objects necessary to access
* the resource.
*
* <p>This method is different from
* <code>java.lang.Class.getResourceAsStream</code>,
* which uses a class loader. This method allows servlet containers
* to make a resource available
* to a servlet from any location, without using a class loader.
*
*
* @param path a <code>String</code> specifying the path
* to the resource
*
* @return the <code>InputStream</code> returned to the
* servlet, or <code>null</code> if no resource
* exists at the specified path
*/
public InputStream getResourceAsStream(String path);
/**
*
* Returns a {@link RequestDispatcher} object that acts
* as a wrapper for the resource located at the given path.
* A <code>RequestDispatcher</code> object can be used to forward
* a request to the resource or to include the resource in a response.
* The resource can be dynamic or static.
*
* <p>The pathname must begin with a <tt>/</tt> and is interpreted as
* relative to the current context root. Use <code>getContext</code>
* to obtain a <code>RequestDispatcher</code> for resources in foreign
* contexts.
*
* <p>This method returns <code>null</code> if the
* <code>ServletContext</code> cannot return a
* <code>RequestDispatcher</code>.
*
* @param path a <code>String</code> specifying the pathname
* to the resource
*
* @return a <code>RequestDispatcher</code> object
* that acts as a wrapper for the resource
* at the specified path, or <code>null</code> if
* the <code>ServletContext</code> cannot return
* a <code>RequestDispatcher</code>
*
* @see RequestDispatcher
* @see ServletContext#getContext
*/
public RequestDispatcher getRequestDispatcher(String path);
/**
* Returns a {@link RequestDispatcher} object that acts
* as a wrapper for the named servlet.
*
* <p>Servlets (and JSP pages also) may be given names via server
* administration or via a web application deployment descriptor.
* A servlet instance can determine its name using
* {@link ServletConfig#getServletName}.
*
* <p>This method returns <code>null</code> if the
* <code>ServletContext</code>
* cannot return a <code>RequestDispatcher</code> for any reason.
*
* @param name a <code>String</code> specifying the name
* of a servlet to wrap
*
* @return a <code>RequestDispatcher</code> object
* that acts as a wrapper for the named servlet,
* or <code>null</code> if the <code>ServletContext</code>
* cannot return a <code>RequestDispatcher</code>
*
* @see RequestDispatcher
* @see ServletContext#getContext
* @see ServletConfig#getServletName
*/
public RequestDispatcher getNamedDispatcher(String name);
/**
* @deprecated As of Java Servlet API 2.1, with no direct replacement.
*
* <p>This method was originally defined to retrieve a servlet
* from a <code>ServletContext</code>. In this version, this method
* always returns <code>null</code> and remains only to preserve
* binary compatibility. This method will be permanently removed
* in a future version of the Java Servlet API.
*
* <p>In lieu of this method, servlets can share information using the
* <code>ServletContext</code> class and can perform shared business logic
* by invoking methods on common non-servlet classes.
*
* @param name the servlet name
* @return the {@code javax.servlet.Servlet Servlet} with the given name
* @throws ServletException if an exception has occurred that interfaces
* with servlet's normal operation
*/
@Deprecated
public Servlet getServlet(String name) throws ServletException;
/**
* @deprecated As of Java Servlet API 2.0, with no replacement.
*
* <p>This method was originally defined to return an
* <code>Enumeration</code> of all the servlets known to this servlet
* context.
* In this version, this method always returns an empty enumeration and
* remains only to preserve binary compatibility. This method
* will be permanently removed in a future version of the Java
* Servlet API.
*
* @return an <code>Enumeration</code> of {@code javax.servlet.Servlet Servlet}
*/
@Deprecated
public Enumeration<Servlet> getServlets();
/**
* @deprecated As of Java Servlet API 2.1, with no replacement.
*
* <p>This method was originally defined to return an
* <code>Enumeration</code>
* of all the servlet names known to this context. In this version,
* this method always returns an empty <code>Enumeration</code> and
* remains only to preserve binary compatibility. This method will
* be permanently removed in a future version of the Java Servlet API.
*
* @return an <code>Enumeration</code> of {@code javax.servlet.Servlet Servlet} names
*/
@Deprecated
public Enumeration<String> getServletNames();
/**
*
* Writes the specified message to a servlet log file, usually
* an event log. The name and type of the servlet log file is
* specific to the servlet container.
*
* @param msg a <code>String</code> specifying the
* message to be written to the log file
*/
public void log(String msg);
/**
* @deprecated As of Java Servlet API 2.1, use
* {@link #log(String message, Throwable throwable)}
* instead.
*
* <p>This method was originally defined to write an
* exception's stack trace and an explanatory error message
* to the servlet log file.
*
* @param exception the <code>Exception</code> error
* @param msg a <code>String</code> that describes the exception
*/
@Deprecated
public void log(Exception exception, String msg);
/**
* Writes an explanatory message and a stack trace
* for a given <code>Throwable</code> exception
* to the servlet log file. The name and type of the servlet log
* file is specific to the servlet container, usually an event log.
*
* @param message a <code>String</code> that
* describes the error or exception
*
* @param throwable the <code>Throwable</code> error
* or exception
*/
public void log(String message, Throwable throwable);
/**
* Gets the <i>real</i> path corresponding to the given
* <i>virtual</i> path.
*
* <p>For example, if <tt>path</tt> is equal to <tt>/index.html</tt>,
* this method will return the absolute file path on the server's
* filesystem to which a request of the form
* <tt>http://<host>:<port>/<contextPath>/index.html</tt>
* would be mapped, where <tt><contextPath></tt> corresponds to the
* context path of this ServletContext.
*
* <p>The real path returned will be in a form
* appropriate to the computer and operating system on
* which the servlet container is running, including the
* proper path separators.
*
* <p>Resources inside the <tt>/META-INF/resources</tt>
* directories of JAR files bundled in the application's
* <tt>/WEB-INF/lib</tt> directory must be considered only if the
* container has unpacked them from their containing JAR file, in
* which case the path to the unpacked location must be returned.
*
* <p>This method returns <code>null</code> if the servlet container
* is unable to translate the given <i>virtual</i> path to a
* <i>real</i> path.
*
* @param path the <i>virtual</i> path to be translated to a
* <i>real</i> path
*
* @return the <i>real</i> path, or <tt>null</tt> if the
* translation cannot be performed
*/
public String getRealPath(String path);
/**
* Returns the name and version of the servlet container on which
* the servlet is running.
*
* <p>The form of the returned string is
* <i>servername</i>/<i>versionnumber</i>.
* For example, the JavaServer Web Development Kit may return the string
* <code>JavaServer Web Dev Kit/1.0</code>.
*
* <p>The servlet container may return other optional information
* after the primary string in parentheses, for example,
* <code>JavaServer Web Dev Kit/1.0 (JDK 1.1.6; Windows NT 4.0 x86)</code>.
*
*
* @return a <code>String</code> containing at least the
* servlet container name and version number
*/
public String getServerInfo();
/**
* Returns a <code>String</code> containing the value of the named
* context-wide initialization parameter, or <code>null</code> if
* the parameter does not exist.
*
* <p>This method can make available configuration information useful
* to an entire web application. For example, it can provide a
* webmaster's email address or the name of a system that holds
* critical data.
*
* @param name a <code>String</code> containing the name of the
* parameter whose value is requested
*
* @return a <code>String</code> containing the value of the
* context's initialization parameter, or <code>null</code> if the
* context's initialization parameter does not exist.
*
* @throws NullPointerException if the argument {@code name} is
* {@code null}
*
* @see ServletConfig#getInitParameter
*/
public String getInitParameter(String name);
/**
* Returns the names of the context's initialization parameters as an
* <code>Enumeration</code> of <code>String</code> objects, or an
* empty <code>Enumeration</code> if the context has no initialization
* parameters.
*
* @return an <code>Enumeration</code> of <code>String</code>
* objects containing the names of the context's
* initialization parameters
*
* @see ServletConfig#getInitParameter
*/
public Enumeration<String> getInitParameterNames();
/**
* Sets the context initialization parameter with the given name and
* value on this ServletContext.
*
* @param name the name of the context initialization parameter to set
* @param value the value of the context initialization parameter to set
*
* @return true if the context initialization parameter with the given
* name and value was set successfully on this ServletContext, and false
* if it was not set because this ServletContext already contains a
* context initialization parameter with a matching name
*
* @throws IllegalStateException if this ServletContext has already
* been initialized
*
* @throws NullPointerException if the name parameter is {@code null}
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @since Servlet 3.0
*/
public boolean setInitParameter(String name, String value);
/**
* Returns the servlet container attribute with the given name, or
* <code>null</code> if there is no attribute by that name.
*
* <p>An attribute allows a servlet container to give the
* servlet additional information not
* already provided by this interface. See your
* server documentation for information about its attributes.
* A list of supported attributes can be retrieved using
* <code>getAttributeNames</code>.
*
* <p>The attribute is returned as a <code>java.lang.Object</code>
* or some subclass.
*
* <p>Attribute names should follow the same convention as package
* names. The Java Servlet API specification reserves names
* matching <code>java.*</code>, <code>javax.*</code>,
* and <code>sun.*</code>.
*
* @param name a <code>String</code> specifying the name
* of the attribute
*
* @return an <code>Object</code> containing the value of the
* attribute, or <code>null</code> if no attribute
* exists matching the given name.
*
* @see ServletContext#getAttributeNames
*
* @throws NullPointerException if the argument {@code name} is
* {@code null}
*
*/
public Object getAttribute(String name);
/**
* Returns an <code>Enumeration</code> containing the
* attribute names available within this ServletContext.
*
* <p>Use the {@link #getAttribute} method with an attribute name
* to get the value of an attribute.
*
* @return an <code>Enumeration</code> of attribute
* names
*
* @see #getAttribute
*/
public Enumeration<String> getAttributeNames();
/**
* Binds an object to a given attribute name in this ServletContext. If
* the name specified is already used for an attribute, this
* method will replace the attribute with the new to the new attribute.
* <p>If listeners are configured on the <code>ServletContext</code> the
* container notifies them accordingly.
* <p>
* If a null value is passed, the effect is the same as calling
* <code>removeAttribute()</code>.
*
* <p>Attribute names should follow the same convention as package
* names. The Java Servlet API specification reserves names
* matching <code>java.*</code>, <code>javax.*</code>, and
* <code>sun.*</code>.
*
* @param name a <code>String</code> specifying the name
* of the attribute
*
* @param object an <code>Object</code> representing the
* attribute to be bound
*
* @throws NullPointerException if the name parameter is {@code null}
*
*/
public void setAttribute(String name, Object object);
/**
* Removes the attribute with the given name from
* this ServletContext. After removal, subsequent calls to
* {@link #getAttribute} to retrieve the attribute's value
* will return <code>null</code>.
*
* <p>If listeners are configured on the <code>ServletContext</code> the
* container notifies them accordingly.
*
* @param name a <code>String</code> specifying the name
* of the attribute to be removed
*/
public void removeAttribute(String name);
/**
* Returns the name of this web application corresponding to this
* ServletContext as specified in the deployment descriptor for this
* web application by the display-name element.
*
* @return The name of the web application or null if no name has been
* declared in the deployment descriptor.
*
* @since Servlet 2.3
*/
public String getServletContextName();
/**
* Adds the servlet with the given name and class name to this servlet
* context.
*
* <p>The registered servlet may be further configured via the returned
* {@link ServletRegistration} object.
*
* <p>The specified <tt>className</tt> will be loaded using the
* classloader associated with the application represented by this
* ServletContext.
*
* <p>If this ServletContext already contains a preliminary
* ServletRegistration for a servlet with the given <tt>servletName</tt>,
* it will be completed (by assigning the given <tt>className</tt> to it)
* and returned.
*
* <p>This method introspects the class with the given <tt>className</tt>
* for the {@link javax.servlet.annotation.ServletSecurity},
* {@link javax.servlet.annotation.MultipartConfig},
* <tt>javax.annotation.security.RunAs</tt>, and
* <tt>javax.annotation.security.DeclareRoles</tt> annotations.
* In addition, this method supports resource injection if the
* class with the given <tt>className</tt> represents a Managed Bean.
* See the Java EE platform and JSR 299 specifications for additional
* details about Managed Beans and resource injection.
*
* @param servletName the name of the servlet
* @param className the fully qualified class name of the servlet
*
* @return a ServletRegistration object that may be used to further
* configure the registered servlet, or <tt>null</tt> if this
* ServletContext already contains a complete ServletRegistration for
* a servlet with the given <tt>servletName</tt>
*
* @throws IllegalStateException if this ServletContext has already
* been initialized
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if <code>servletName</code> is null
* or an empty String
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @since Servlet 3.0
*/
public ServletRegistration.Dynamic addServlet(
String servletName, String className);
/**
* Registers the given servlet instance with this ServletContext
* under the given <tt>servletName</tt>.
*
* <p>The registered servlet may be further configured via the returned
* {@link ServletRegistration} object.
*
* <p>If this ServletContext already contains a preliminary
* ServletRegistration for a servlet with the given <tt>servletName</tt>,
* it will be completed (by assigning the class name of the given servlet
* instance to it) and returned.
*
* @param servletName the name of the servlet
* @param servlet the servlet instance to register
*
* @return a ServletRegistration object that may be used to further
* configure the given servlet, or <tt>null</tt> if this
* ServletContext already contains a complete ServletRegistration for a
* servlet with the given <tt>servletName</tt> or if the same servlet
* instance has already been registered with this or another
* ServletContext in the same container
*
* @throws IllegalStateException if this ServletContext has already
* been initialized
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the given servlet instance
* implements {@link SingleThreadModel}, or <code>servletName</code> is null
* or an empty String
*
* @since Servlet 3.0
*/
public ServletRegistration.Dynamic addServlet(
String servletName, Servlet servlet);
/**
* Adds the servlet with the given name and class type to this servlet
* context.
*
* <p>The registered servlet may be further configured via the returned
* {@link ServletRegistration} object.
*
* <p>If this ServletContext already contains a preliminary
* ServletRegistration for a servlet with the given <tt>servletName</tt>,
* it will be completed (by assigning the name of the given
* <tt>servletClass</tt> to it) and returned.
*
* <p>This method introspects the given <tt>servletClass</tt> for
* the {@link javax.servlet.annotation.ServletSecurity},
* {@link javax.servlet.annotation.MultipartConfig},
* <tt>javax.annotation.security.RunAs</tt>, and
* <tt>javax.annotation.security.DeclareRoles</tt> annotations.
* In addition, this method supports resource injection if the
* given <tt>servletClass</tt> represents a Managed Bean.
* See the Java EE platform and JSR 299 specifications for additional
* details about Managed Beans and resource injection.
*
* @param servletName the name of the servlet
* @param servletClass the class object from which the servlet will be
* instantiated
*
* @return a ServletRegistration object that may be used to further
* configure the registered servlet, or <tt>null</tt> if this
* ServletContext already contains a complete ServletRegistration for
* the given <tt>servletName</tt>
*
* @throws IllegalStateException if this ServletContext has already
* been initialized
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if <code>servletName</code> is null
* or an empty String
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @since Servlet 3.0
*/
public ServletRegistration.Dynamic addServlet(String servletName,
Class <? extends Servlet> servletClass);
/**
* Adds the servlet with the given jsp file to this servlet context.
*
* <p>The registered servlet may be further configured via the returned
* {@link ServletRegistration} object.
*
* <p>If this ServletContext already contains a preliminary
* ServletRegistration for a servlet with the given <tt>servletName</tt>,
* it will be completed (by assigning the given <tt>jspFile</tt> to it)
* and returned.
*
* @param servletName the name of the servlet
* @param jspFile the full path to a JSP file within the web application
* beginning with a `/'.
*
* @return a ServletRegistration object that may be used to further
* configure the registered servlet, or <tt>null</tt> if this
* ServletContext already contains a complete ServletRegistration for
* a servlet with the given <tt>servletName</tt>
*
* @throws IllegalStateException if this ServletContext has already
* been initialized
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if <code>servletName</code> is null
* or an empty String
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @since Servlet 4.0
*/
public ServletRegistration.Dynamic addJspFile(
String servletName, String jspFile);
/**
* Instantiates the given Servlet class.
*
* <p>The returned Servlet instance may be further customized before it
* is registered with this ServletContext via a call to
* {@link #addServlet(String,Servlet)}.
*
* <p>The given Servlet class must define a zero argument constructor,
* which is used to instantiate it.
*
* <p>This method introspects the given <tt>clazz</tt> for
* the following annotations:
* {@link javax.servlet.annotation.ServletSecurity},
* {@link javax.servlet.annotation.MultipartConfig},
* <tt>javax.annotation.security.RunAs</tt>, and
* <tt>javax.annotation.security.DeclareRoles</tt>.
* In addition, this method supports resource injection if the
* given <tt>clazz</tt> represents a Managed Bean.
* See the Java EE platform and JSR 299 specifications for additional
* details about Managed Beans and resource injection.
*
* @param <T> the class of the Servlet to create
* @param clazz the Servlet class to instantiate
*
* @return the new Servlet instance
*
* @throws ServletException if the given <tt>clazz</tt> fails to be
* instantiated
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @since Servlet 3.0
*/
public <T extends Servlet> T createServlet(Class<T> clazz)
throws ServletException;
/**
* Gets the ServletRegistration corresponding to the servlet with the
* given <tt>servletName</tt>.
*
* @return the (complete or preliminary) ServletRegistration for the
* servlet with the given <tt>servletName</tt>, or null if no
* ServletRegistration exists under that name
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @param servletName the name of a servlet
* @since Servlet 3.0
*/
public ServletRegistration getServletRegistration(String servletName);
/**
* Gets a (possibly empty) Map of the ServletRegistration
* objects (keyed by servlet name) corresponding to all servlets
* registered with this ServletContext.
*
* <p>The returned Map includes the ServletRegistration objects
* corresponding to all declared and annotated servlets, as well as the
* ServletRegistration objects corresponding to all servlets that have
* been added via one of the <tt>addServlet</tt> and <tt>addJspFile</tt>
* methods.
*
* <p>If permitted, any changes to the returned Map must not affect this
* ServletContext.
*
* @return Map of the (complete and preliminary) ServletRegistration
* objects corresponding to all servlets currently registered with this
* ServletContext
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @since Servlet 3.0
*/
public Map<String, ? extends ServletRegistration> getServletRegistrations();
/**
* Adds the filter with the given name and class name to this servlet
* context.
*
* <p>The registered filter may be further configured via the returned
* {@link FilterRegistration} object.
*
* <p>The specified <tt>className</tt> will be loaded using the
* classloader associated with the application represented by this
* ServletContext.
*
* <p>If this ServletContext already contains a preliminary
* FilterRegistration for a filter with the given <tt>filterName</tt>,
* it will be completed (by assigning the given <tt>className</tt> to it)
* and returned.
*
* <p>This method supports resource injection if the class with the
* given <tt>className</tt> represents a Managed Bean.
* See the Java EE platform and JSR 299 specifications for additional
* details about Managed Beans and resource injection.
*
* @param filterName the name of the filter
* @param className the fully qualified class name of the filter
*
* @return a FilterRegistration object that may be used to further
* configure the registered filter, or <tt>null</tt> if this
* ServletContext already contains a complete FilterRegistration for
* a filter with the given <tt>filterName</tt>
*
* @throws IllegalStateException if this ServletContext has already
* been initialized
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if <code>filterName</code> is null or
* an empty String
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @since Servlet 3.0
*/
public FilterRegistration.Dynamic addFilter(
String filterName, String className);
/**
* Registers the given filter instance with this ServletContext
* under the given <tt>filterName</tt>.
*
* <p>The registered filter may be further configured via the returned
* {@link FilterRegistration} object.
*
* <p>If this ServletContext already contains a preliminary
* FilterRegistration for a filter with the given <tt>filterName</tt>,
* it will be completed (by assigning the class name of the given filter
* instance to it) and returned.
*
* @param filterName the name of the filter
* @param filter the filter instance to register
*
* @return a FilterRegistration object that may be used to further
* configure the given filter, or <tt>null</tt> if this
* ServletContext already contains a complete FilterRegistration for a
* filter with the given <tt>filterName</tt> or if the same filter
* instance has already been registered with this or another
* ServletContext in the same container
*
* @throws IllegalStateException if this ServletContext has already
* been initialized
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if <code>filterName</code> is null or
* an empty String
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @since Servlet 3.0
*/
public FilterRegistration.Dynamic addFilter(
String filterName, Filter filter);
/**
* Adds the filter with the given name and class type to this servlet
* context.
*
* <p>The registered filter may be further configured via the returned
* {@link FilterRegistration} object.
*
* <p>If this ServletContext already contains a preliminary
* FilterRegistration for a filter with the given <tt>filterName</tt>,
* it will be completed (by assigning the name of the given
* <tt>filterClass</tt> to it) and returned.
*
* <p>This method supports resource injection if the given
* <tt>filterClass</tt> represents a Managed Bean.
* See the Java EE platform and JSR 299 specifications for additional
* details about Managed Beans and resource injection.
*
* @param filterName the name of the filter
* @param filterClass the class object from which the filter will be
* instantiated
*
* @return a FilterRegistration object that may be used to further
* configure the registered filter, or <tt>null</tt> if this
* ServletContext already contains a complete FilterRegistration for a
* filter with the given <tt>filterName</tt>
*
* @throws IllegalStateException if this ServletContext has already
* been initialized
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if <code>filterName</code> is null or
* an empty String
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @since Servlet 3.0
*/
public FilterRegistration.Dynamic addFilter(String filterName,
Class <? extends Filter> filterClass);
/**
* Instantiates the given Filter class.
*
* <p>The returned Filter instance may be further customized before it
* is registered with this ServletContext via a call to
* {@link #addFilter(String,Filter)}.
*
* <p>The given Filter class must define a zero argument constructor,
* which is used to instantiate it.
*
* <p>This method supports resource injection if the given
* <tt>clazz</tt> represents a Managed Bean.
* See the Java EE platform and JSR 299 specifications for additional
* details about Managed Beans and resource injection.
*
* @param <T> the class of the Filter to create
* @param clazz the Filter class to instantiate
*
* @return the new Filter instance
*
* @throws ServletException if the given <tt>clazz</tt> fails to be
* instantiated
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @since Servlet 3.0
*/
public <T extends Filter> T createFilter(Class<T> clazz)
throws ServletException;
/**
* Gets the FilterRegistration corresponding to the filter with the
* given <tt>filterName</tt>.
*
* @param filterName the name of a filter
* @return the (complete or preliminary) FilterRegistration for the
* filter with the given <tt>filterName</tt>, or null if no
* FilterRegistration exists under that name
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @since Servlet 3.0
*/
public FilterRegistration getFilterRegistration(String filterName);
/**
* Gets a (possibly empty) Map of the FilterRegistration
* objects (keyed by filter name) corresponding to all filters
* registered with this ServletContext.
*
* <p>The returned Map includes the FilterRegistration objects
* corresponding to all declared and annotated filters, as well as the
* FilterRegistration objects corresponding to all filters that have
* been added via one of the <tt>addFilter</tt> methods.
*
* <p>Any changes to the returned Map must not affect this
* ServletContext.
*
* @return Map of the (complete and preliminary) FilterRegistration
* objects corresponding to all filters currently registered with this
* ServletContext
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @since Servlet 3.0
*/
public Map<String, ? extends FilterRegistration> getFilterRegistrations();
/**
* Gets the {@link SessionCookieConfig} object through which various
* properties of the session tracking cookies created on behalf of this
* <tt>ServletContext</tt> may be configured.
*
* <p>Repeated invocations of this method will return the same
* <tt>SessionCookieConfig</tt> instance.
*
* @return the <tt>SessionCookieConfig</tt> object through which
* various properties of the session tracking cookies created on
* behalf of this <tt>ServletContext</tt> may be configured
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @since Servlet 3.0
*/
public SessionCookieConfig getSessionCookieConfig();
/**
* Sets the session tracking modes that are to become effective for this
* <tt>ServletContext</tt>.
*
* <p>The given <tt>sessionTrackingModes</tt> replaces any
* session tracking modes set by a previous invocation of this
* method on this <tt>ServletContext</tt>.
*
* @param sessionTrackingModes the set of session tracking modes to
* become effective for this <tt>ServletContext</tt>
*
* @throws IllegalStateException if this ServletContext has already
* been initialized
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if <tt>sessionTrackingModes</tt>
* specifies a combination of <tt>SessionTrackingMode.SSL</tt> with a
* session tracking mode other than <tt>SessionTrackingMode.SSL</tt>,
* or if <tt>sessionTrackingModes</tt> specifies a session tracking mode
* that is not supported by the servlet container
*
* @since Servlet 3.0
*/
public void setSessionTrackingModes(Set<SessionTrackingMode> sessionTrackingModes);
/**
* Gets the session tracking modes that are supported by default for this
* <tt>ServletContext</tt>.
*
* <p>The returned set is not backed by the {@code ServletContext} object,
* so changes in the returned set are not reflected in the
* {@code ServletContext} object, and vice-versa.</p>
*
* @return set of the session tracking modes supported by default for
* this <tt>ServletContext</tt>
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @since Servlet 3.0
*/
public Set<SessionTrackingMode> getDefaultSessionTrackingModes();
/**
* Gets the session tracking modes that are in effect for this
* <tt>ServletContext</tt>.
*
* <p>The session tracking modes in effect are those provided to
* {@link #setSessionTrackingModes setSessionTrackingModes}.
*
* <p>The returned set is not backed by the {@code ServletContext} object,
* so changes in the returned set are not reflected in the
* {@code ServletContext} object, and vice-versa.</p>
*
* @return set of the session tracking modes in effect for this
* <tt>ServletContext</tt>
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @since Servlet 3.0
*/
public Set<SessionTrackingMode> getEffectiveSessionTrackingModes();
/**
* Adds the listener with the given class name to this ServletContext.
*
* <p>The class with the given name will be loaded using the
* classloader associated with the application represented by this
* ServletContext, and must implement one or more of the following
* interfaces:
* <ul>
* <li>{@link ServletContextAttributeListener}
* <li>{@link ServletRequestListener}
* <li>{@link ServletRequestAttributeListener}
* <li>{@link javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionAttributeListener}
* <li>{@link javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionIdListener}
* <li>{@link javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionListener}
* </ul>
*
* <p>If this ServletContext was passed to
* {@link ServletContainerInitializer#onStartup}, then the class with
* the given name may also implement {@link ServletContextListener},
* in addition to the interfaces listed above.
*
* <p>As part of this method call, the container must load the class
* with the specified class name to ensure that it implements one of
* the required interfaces.
*
* <p>If the class with the given name implements a listener interface
* whose invocation order corresponds to the declaration order (i.e.,
* if it implements {@link ServletRequestListener},
* {@link ServletContextListener}, or
* {@link javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionListener}),
* then the new listener will be added to the end of the ordered list of
* listeners of that interface.
*
* <p>This method supports resource injection if the class with the
* given <tt>className</tt> represents a Managed Bean.
* See the Java EE platform and JSR 299 specifications for additional
* details about Managed Beans and resource injection.
*
* @param className the fully qualified class name of the listener
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the class with the given name
* does not implement any of the above interfaces, or if it implements
* {@link ServletContextListener} and this ServletContext was not
* passed to {@link ServletContainerInitializer#onStartup}
*
* @throws IllegalStateException if this ServletContext has already
* been initialized
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @since Servlet 3.0
*/
public void addListener(String className);
/**
* Adds the given listener to this ServletContext.
*
* <p>The given listener must be an instance of one or more of the
* following interfaces:
* <ul>
* <li>{@link ServletContextAttributeListener}
* <li>{@link ServletRequestListener}
* <li>{@link ServletRequestAttributeListener}
* <li>{@link javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionAttributeListener}
* <li>{@link javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionIdListener}
* <li>{@link javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionListener}
* </ul>
*
* <p>If this ServletContext was passed to
* {@link ServletContainerInitializer#onStartup}, then the given
* listener may also be an instance of {@link ServletContextListener},
* in addition to the interfaces listed above.
*
* <p>If the given listener is an instance of a listener interface whose
* invocation order corresponds to the declaration order (i.e., if it
* is an instance of {@link ServletRequestListener},
* {@link ServletContextListener}, or
* {@link javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionListener}),
* then the listener will be added to the end of the ordered list of
* listeners of that interface.
*
* @param <T> the class of the EventListener to add
* @param t the listener to be added
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the given listener is not
* an instance of any of the above interfaces, or if it is an instance
* of {@link ServletContextListener} and this ServletContext was not
* passed to {@link ServletContainerInitializer#onStartup}
*
* @throws IllegalStateException if this ServletContext has already
* been initialized
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @since Servlet 3.0
*/
public <T extends EventListener> void addListener(T t);
/**
* Adds a listener of the given class type to this ServletContext.
*
* <p>The given <tt>listenerClass</tt> must implement one or more of the
* following interfaces:
* <ul>
* <li>{@link ServletContextAttributeListener}
* <li>{@link ServletRequestListener}
* <li>{@link ServletRequestAttributeListener}
* <li>{@link javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionAttributeListener}
* <li>{@link javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionIdListener}
* <li>{@link javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionListener}
* </ul>
*
* <p>If this ServletContext was passed to
* {@link ServletContainerInitializer#onStartup}, then the given
* <tt>listenerClass</tt> may also implement
* {@link ServletContextListener}, in addition to the interfaces listed
* above.
*
* <p>If the given <tt>listenerClass</tt> implements a listener
* interface whose invocation order corresponds to the declaration order
* (i.e., if it implements {@link ServletRequestListener},
* {@link ServletContextListener}, or
* {@link javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionListener}),
* then the new listener will be added to the end of the ordered list
* of listeners of that interface.
*
* <p>This method supports resource injection if the given
* <tt>listenerClass</tt> represents a Managed Bean.
* See the Java EE platform and JSR 299 specifications for additional
* details about Managed Beans and resource injection.
*
* @param listenerClass the listener class to be instantiated
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the given <tt>listenerClass</tt>
* does not implement any of the above interfaces, or if it implements
* {@link ServletContextListener} and this ServletContext was not passed
* to {@link ServletContainerInitializer#onStartup}
*
* @throws IllegalStateException if this ServletContext has already
* been initialized
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @since Servlet 3.0
*/
public void addListener(Class <? extends EventListener> listenerClass);
/**
* Instantiates the given EventListener class.
*
* <p>The specified EventListener class must implement at least one of
* the {@link ServletContextListener},
* {@link ServletContextAttributeListener},
* {@link ServletRequestListener},
* {@link ServletRequestAttributeListener},
* {@link javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionAttributeListener},
* {@link javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionIdListener}, or
* {@link javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionListener}
* interfaces.
*
* <p>The returned EventListener instance may be further customized
* before it is registered with this ServletContext via a call to
* {@link #addListener(EventListener)}.
*
* <p>The given EventListener class must define a zero argument
* constructor, which is used to instantiate it.
*
* <p>This method supports resource injection if the given
* <tt>clazz</tt> represents a Managed Bean.
* See the Java EE platform and JSR 299 specifications for additional
* details about Managed Beans and resource injection.
*
* @param <T> the class of the EventListener to create
* @param clazz the EventListener class to instantiate
*
* @return the new EventListener instance
*
* @throws ServletException if the given <tt>clazz</tt> fails to be
* instantiated
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if the specified EventListener class
* does not implement any of the
* {@link ServletContextListener},
* {@link ServletContextAttributeListener},
* {@link ServletRequestListener},
* {@link ServletRequestAttributeListener},
* {@link javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionAttributeListener},
* {@link javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionIdListener}, or
* {@link javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionListener}
* interfaces.
*
* @since Servlet 3.0
*/
public <T extends EventListener> T createListener(Class<T> clazz)
throws ServletException;
/**
* Gets the <code><jsp-config></code> related configuration
* that was aggregated from the <code>web.xml</code> and
* <code>web-fragment.xml</code> descriptor files of the web application
* represented by this ServletContext.
*
* @return the <code><jsp-config></code> related configuration
* that was aggregated from the <code>web.xml</code> and
* <code>web-fragment.xml</code> descriptor files of the web application
* represented by this ServletContext, or null if no such configuration
* exists
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @see javax.servlet.descriptor.JspConfigDescriptor
*
* @since Servlet 3.0
*/
public JspConfigDescriptor getJspConfigDescriptor();
/**
* Gets the class loader of the web application represented by this
* ServletContext.
*
* <p>If a security manager exists, and the caller's class loader
* is not the same as, or an ancestor of the requested class loader,
* then the security manager's <code>checkPermission</code> method is
* called with a <code>RuntimePermission("getClassLoader")</code>
* permission to check whether access to the requested class loader
* should be granted.
*
* @return the class loader of the web application represented by this
* ServletContext
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @throws SecurityException if a security manager denies access to
* the requested class loader
*
* @since Servlet 3.0
*/
public ClassLoader getClassLoader();
/**
* Declares role names that are tested using <code>isUserInRole</code>.
*
* <p>Roles that are implicitly declared as a result of their use within
* the {@link ServletRegistration.Dynamic#setServletSecurity
* setServletSecurity} or {@link ServletRegistration.Dynamic#setRunAsRole
* setRunAsRole} methods of the {@link ServletRegistration} interface need
* not be declared.
*
* @param roleNames the role names being declared
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if any of the argument roleNames is
* null or the empty string
*
* @throws IllegalStateException if the ServletContext has already
* been initialized
*
* @since Servlet 3.0
*/
public void declareRoles(String... roleNames);
/**
* Returns the configuration name of the logical host on which the
* ServletContext is deployed.
*
* Servlet containers may support multiple logical hosts. This method must
* return the same name for all the servlet contexts deployed on a logical
* host, and the name returned by this method must be distinct, stable per
* logical host, and suitable for use in associating server configuration
* information with the logical host. The returned value is NOT expected
* or required to be equivalent to a network address or hostname of the
* logical host.
*
* @return a <code>String</code> containing the configuration name of the
* logical host on which the servlet context is deployed.
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @since Servlet 3.1
*/
public String getVirtualServerName();
/**
* Gets the session timeout in minutes that are supported by default for
* this <tt>ServletContext</tt>.
*
* @return the session timeout in minutes that are supported by default for
* this <tt>ServletContext</tt>
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @since Servlet 4.0
*/
public int getSessionTimeout();
/**
* Sets the session timeout in minutes for this ServletContext.
*
* @param sessionTimeout session timeout in minutes
*
* @throws IllegalStateException if this ServletContext has already
* been initialized
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @since Servlet 4.0
*/
public void setSessionTimeout(int sessionTimeout);
/**
* Gets the request character encoding that are supported by default for
* this <tt>ServletContext</tt>. This method returns null if no request
* encoding character encoding has been specified in deployment descriptor
* or container specific configuration (for all web applications in the
* container).
*
* @return the request character encoding that are supported by default for
* this <tt>ServletContext</tt>
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @since Servlet 4.0
*/
public String getRequestCharacterEncoding();
/**
* Sets the request character encoding for this ServletContext.
*
* @param encoding request character encoding
*
* @throws IllegalStateException if this ServletContext has already
* been initialized
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @since Servlet 4.0
*/
public void setRequestCharacterEncoding(String encoding);
/**
* Gets the response character encoding that are supported by default for
* this <tt>ServletContext</tt>. This method returns null if no response
* encoding character encoding has been specified in deployment descriptor
* or container specific configuration (for all web applications in the
* container).
*
* @return the request character encoding that are supported by default for
* this <tt>ServletContext</tt>
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @since Servlet 4.0
*/
public String getResponseCharacterEncoding();
/**
* Sets the response character encoding for this ServletContext.
*
* @param encoding response character encoding
*
* @throws IllegalStateException if this ServletContext has already
* been initialized
*
* @throws UnsupportedOperationException if this ServletContext was
* passed to the {@link ServletContextListener#contextInitialized} method
* of a {@link ServletContextListener} that was neither declared in
* <code>web.xml</code> or <code>web-fragment.xml</code>, nor annotated
* with {@link javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener}
*
* @since Servlet 4.0
*/
public void setResponseCharacterEncoding(String encoding);
}
從3.0新增的方法，方法描述上都有標明@since Servlet 3.0，大家可以去細看下3.0具體新增了哪些方法。新增的add系列方法如下
也就是說可以通過ServletContext向servlet容器添加Filter、Listener和Servlet了。
補充
3.0之前和3.0之後，maven依賴的artifactId是不同的，大家需要注意一下；
servlet 3.0是一個大的版本變動，相比之前增加了比較多的特性，本文就涉及到其中一個特性：支持無web.xml配置（新的註解支持）
servlet 3.0及之後，Filter、Servlet和Listener支持註解配置（3.0之前都是配置在web.xml中）
Filter註冊
springboot實現
實現Filter接口實現我們自己的Filter，這個與web.xml時期一樣
package com.lee.register.filter;
import javax.servlet.*;
import java.io.IOException;
public class MyFilter implements Filter {
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
System.out.println("myfilter init...");
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
System.out.println("過濾處理");
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
@Override
public void destroy() {
System.out.println("myfilter destroy...");
}
}
利用FilterRegistrationBean將我們自定義的Filter註冊到容器
package com.lee.register.config;
import com.lee.register.filter.MyFilter;
import com.lee.register.listener.MyListener;
import com.lee.register.servlet.MyServlet;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletListenerRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import java.util.Arrays;
@Configuration
public class MyConfig {
@Bean
public ServletListenerRegistrationBean myListener() {
ServletListenerRegistrationBean registrationBean = new ServletListenerRegistrationBean(new MyListener());
return registrationBean;
}
@Bean
public FilterRegistrationBean myFilter() {
FilterRegistrationBean filterRegistrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean(new MyFilter());
filterRegistrationBean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/hello","/myServlet"));
return filterRegistrationBean;
}
@Bean
public ServletRegistrationBean myServlet() {
ServletRegistrationBean registrationBean = new ServletRegistrationBean(new MyServlet());
registrationBean.setUrlMappings(Arrays.asList("/myServlet"));
registrationBean.setLoadOnStartup(1);
return registrationBean;
}
}
工程詳情請點：spring-boot-filter；FilterRegistrationBean的作用與在web.xml中配置Filter類似，只是底層用了servlet3.0的新特性
源碼分析
我們知道servlet3.0+，可以通過ServeltContext來註冊Filter（當然還包括Servlet、Listener）到Servlet容器；至於註冊到Servlet容器後，容器容器如何處理Filter就不是本文的範疇了。我們姑且這樣認爲：通過ServletContext註冊Filter到容器，那麼Filter就能起到過濾作用了。那麼問題來了，springboot是如何將Filter註冊到容器的？
FilterRegistrationBean的源碼
/*
* Copyright 2012-2017 the original author or authors.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.springframework.boot.web.servlet;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import org.springframework.util.Assert;
/**
* A {@link ServletContextInitializer} to register {@link Filter}s in a Servlet 3.0+
* container. Similar to the {@link ServletContext#addFilter(String, Filter) registration}
* features provided by {@link ServletContext} but with a Spring Bean friendly design.
* <p>
* The {@link #setFilter(Filter) Filter} must be specified before calling
* {@link #onStartup(ServletContext)}. Registrations can be associated with
* {@link #setUrlPatterns URL patterns} and/or servlets (either by {@link #setServletNames
* name} or via a {@link #setServletRegistrationBeans ServletRegistrationBean}s. When no
* URL pattern or servlets are specified the filter will be associated to '/*'. The filter
* name will be deduced if not specified.
*
* @param <T> the type of {@link Filter} to register
* @author Phillip Webb
* @since 1.4.0
* @see ServletContextInitializer
* @see ServletContext#addFilter(String, Filter)
* @see DelegatingFilterProxyRegistrationBean
*/
public class FilterRegistrationBean<T extends Filter>
extends AbstractFilterRegistrationBean<T> {
/**
* Filters that wrap the servlet request should be ordered less than or equal to this.
*/
public static final int REQUEST_WRAPPER_FILTER_MAX_ORDER = AbstractFilterRegistrationBean.REQUEST_WRAPPER_FILTER_MAX_ORDER;
private T filter;
/**
* Create a new {@link FilterRegistrationBean} instance.
*/
public FilterRegistrationBean() {
}
/**
* Create a new {@link FilterRegistrationBean} instance to be registered with the
* specified {@link ServletRegistrationBean}s.
* @param filter the filter to register
* @param servletRegistrationBeans associate {@link ServletRegistrationBean}s
*/
public FilterRegistrationBean(T filter,
ServletRegistrationBean<?>... servletRegistrationBeans) {
super(servletRegistrationBeans);
Assert.notNull(filter, "Filter must not be null");
this.filter = filter;
}
@Override
public T getFilter() {
return this.filter;
}
/**
* Set the filter to be registered.
* @param filter the filter
*/
public void setFilter(T filter) {
Assert.notNull(filter, "Filter must not be null");
this.filter = filter;
}
}
FilterRegistrationBean的類描述：一個用於向Servlet 3.0+容器註冊Filter的ServletContextInitializer，類似於ServletContext提供的ServletContext＃addFilter（String，Filter）註冊功能，但具有Spring Bean特性的友好設計。相當於對ServletContext＃addFilter進行了spring bean的友好性適配，本質還是ServletContext＃addFilter。
FilterRegistrationBean的類繼承圖
我們來看看ServletContextInitializer，感覺和ServeltContext有很大的關係，源碼如下
/*
* Copyright 2012-2017 the original author or authors.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.springframework.boot.web.servlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import org.springframework.web.SpringServletContainerInitializer;
import org.springframework.web.WebApplicationInitializer;
/**
* Interface used to configure a Servlet 3.0+ {@link ServletContext context}
* programmatically. Unlike {@link WebApplicationInitializer}, classes that implement this
* interface (and do not implement {@link WebApplicationInitializer}) will <b>not</b> be
* detected by {@link SpringServletContainerInitializer} and hence will not be
* automatically bootstrapped by the Servlet container.
* <p>
* This interface is primarily designed to allow {@link ServletContextInitializer}s to be
* managed by Spring and not the Servlet container.
* <p>
* For configuration examples see {@link WebApplicationInitializer}.
*
* @author Phillip Webb
* @since 1.4.0
* @see WebApplicationInitializer
*/
@FunctionalInterface
public interface ServletContextInitializer {
/**
* Configure the given {@link ServletContext} with any servlets, filters, listeners
* context-params and attributes necessary for initialization.
* @param servletContext the {@code ServletContext} to initialize
* @throws ServletException if any call against the given {@code ServletContext}
* throws a {@code ServletException}
*/
void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException;
}
ServletContextInitializer允許我們以編程方式配置Servlet 3.0+ ServletContext上下文，並且SpringServletContainerInitializer不會檢測到實現此接口的類（類沒有實現WebApplicationInitializer），因此不會被Servlet容器自動引導；ServletContextInitializer的設計目的是由spring管理，而不是Servlet容器。ServletContextInitializer就一個方法：onStartup，我們順着FilterRegistrationBean的類圖來看看onStartup的實現
我們發現，最終還是調用ServletContext的addFilter方法將Filter註冊到Servlet容器。問題又來了，ServletContextInitializer的onStartup又是在哪裏被調用的呢？
springboot的啓動過程中肯定在哪個地方對ServletContextInitializer的onStartup進行了調用，我們接着往下看，我們從ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java的createWebServer方法開始（Springboot啓動開始到createWebServer的過程就省了）
先去spring的beanFactory中獲取ServletContextInitializer的全部實例，並將其放入到ServletContextInitializerBeans的initializers中，然後遍歷initializers，調用每個ServletContextInitializer的onStartup方法（有人感覺這裏有點多餘，其實你把initializers想成緩存就好理解了，肯定還有其他地方會用到initializers）。
至此也就通了，spring將@Bean修飾的RegistrationBean註冊到beanFactory，然後從beanFactory中獲取全部的ServletContextInitializer，遍歷它們並調用他們的onStartup方法將RegistrationBean中的bean註冊到servlet容器；但是有一點@Bean註解是如何將bean註冊到beanFactory的本文沒有涉及，會放到springboot啓動系列篇中，敬請期待。
總結
1、ServletContext是request與response交互的平臺，也是我們的web應用與servlet容器溝通的橋樑；就從本文來說，Filter、Servlet、Listener的註冊都是通過ServletContext來實現的
2、Servlet3.0+有很多新特性，包括Filter、Servlet、Listener的註冊，不再只是通過web.xml實現了。而springboot也只是對ServletContext的add系列方法進行了拓展，使得具有spring的友好性，而FilterRegistrationBean就是具體的實現之一。
3、springboot啓動過程中，調用ServletContextInitializer類型的實例的onStartup方法，完成指定bean到servlet容器的註冊；指定bean就是指我們自定義的Filter、Servlet、Listener，而不是RegistrationBean類型的實例。