linux下升級gcc支持C++11的方法
由於工作主要平臺換到了linux上，而linux因爲源上沒有比較新的gcc，只有4.4.7，而我們用到了C++11， 只好自己升級了，升級方法也比較簡單，就是耗時間。
1. 下載gcc最新的源碼包
wget ftp://ftp.mirrorservice.org/sites/sourceware.org/pub/gcc/releases/gcc-6.3.0/gcc-6.3.0.tar.bz2
2. 解壓縮 tar -jxf gcc-6.3.0.tar.bz2
3. cd gcc-6.3.0
4. 修改./contrib/download_prerequisites腳本，將裏邊路徑改爲
http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/sourceware.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/，原來路徑下載源速度超級慢！運行download_prerequisites
腳本， ./contrib/download_prerequisites ，這個腳本會自動幫你下載所需要的依賴文件和庫
5. 運行 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local --enable-checking=release
--enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib
6. make & make install
安裝完後有一段提示：
Libraries have been installed in:
/usr/local/lib
If you ever happen to want to link against installed libraries
in a given directory, LIBDIR, you must either use libtool, and
specify the full pathname of the library, or use the `-LLIBDIR'
flag during linking and do at least one of the following:
- add LIBDIR to the `LD_LIBRARY_PATH' environment variable
during execution
- add LIBDIR to the `LD_RUN_PATH' environment variable
during linking
- use the `-Wl,-rpath -Wl,LIBDIR' linker flag
- have your system administrator add LIBDIR to `/etc/ld.so.conf'
See any operating system documentation about shared libraries for
more information, such as the ld(1) and ld.so(8) manual pages.
這裏編譯出來的程序運行爲提示：
$ ./ui/client/console/client
./ui/client/console/client: /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6: version `CXXABI_1.3.9' not found (required by ./ui/client/console/client)
./ui/client/console/client: /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6: version `GLIBCXX_3.4.21' not found (required by ./ui/client/console/client)
./ui/client/console/client: /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6: version `GLIBCXX_3.4.15' not found (required by ./ui/client/console/client)
解決方法：
$ LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib/:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH