Centos7安裝Python2.7

1、刪除現有Python
[root@test ~]# rpm -qa|grep python|xargs rpm -ev --allmatches --nodeps ##強制刪除已安裝程序及其關聯
[root@test ~]# whereis python |xargs rm -frv ##刪除所有殘餘文件 ##xargs，允許你對輸出執行其他某些命令
[root@test ~]# whereis python ##驗證刪除，返回無結果

2、刪除現有的yum
[root@test ~]# rpm -qa|grep yum|xargs rpm -ev --allmatches --nodeps
[root@test ~]# whereis yum |xargs rm -frv

3、創建目錄python和yum用以存放rpm包
#mkdir /software/python
#mkdir /software/yum

4、使用wget分別下載python以及yum的rpm包（注意：一定要和系統的版本號對應）
（1）下載python的rpm包：
#cd /software/python 進入目錄
下載路徑是:http://vault.centos.org/7.1.1503/os/x86_64/Packages//
（注意centos版本一定要正確，我的版本是7.1.1503）
下載的包有：
wget http://vault.centos.org/7.1.1503/os/x86_64/Packages/python-pycurl-7.19.0-17.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget http://vault.centos.org/7.1.1503/os/x86_64/Packages/python-devel-2.7.5-16.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget http://vault.centos.org/7.1.1503/os/x86_64/Packages/python-libs-2.7.5-16.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget http://vault.centos.org/7.1.1503/os/x86_64/Packages/python-urlgrabber-3.10-6.el7.noarch.rpm
wget http://vault.centos.org/7.1.1503/os/x86_64/Packages/rpm-python-4.11.1-25.el7.x86_64.rpm
（2）下載yum的rpm包：
#cd /software/yum
wget http://vault.centos.org/7.1.1503/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-125.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
wget http://vault.centos.org/7.1.1503/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget http://vault.centos.org/7.1.1503/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-29.el7.noarch.rpm

5、安裝python以及yum的rpm包
（1）安裝python:
#cd /software/python
#rpm -ivh python- rpm-python-

出現安裝包的依賴問題，此時如下解決即可：
#rpm -ivh python- rpm-python- --nodeps --force
--nodeps --force爲不考慮依賴包，強制安裝。
安裝完後即可運行python:

（2）安裝yum:
#cd /software/yum
#rpm -ivh yum-*

至此yum重新安裝成功！

6、安裝pip
（1）首先安裝epel擴展源：
#yum -y install epel-release

（2）更新完成之後，就可安裝pip：
#yum -y install python-pip

（3）安裝完成之後清除cache：
#yum clean all

（4）升級pip：
#python -m pip install --upgrade pip

7、安裝所需要的庫
（1）安裝NumPy、SciPy、Matplotlib、pandas Statsmodels
#pip install numpy
#pip install scipy
#pip install matplotlib
#pip install pandas
#pip install statsmodels
（2）升級NumPy、SciPy、Matplotlib、pandas Statsmodels
#pip install --upgrade numpy scipy matplotlib pandas statsmodels

8、安裝scikit-learn
#yum install python-tools
#pip install --upgrade python-tools
#pip install -U scikit-learn

9、驗證安裝是否成功
$python

>>import numpy as np
>>import scipy
>>import pandas as pd
>>import sklearn
>>import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
如果報錯：

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 115, in <module>
_backend_mod, new_figure_manager, draw_if_interactive, _show = pylab_setup()
File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/init.py", line 32, in pylab_setup
globals(),locals(),[backend_name],0)
File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/matplotlib/backends/backend_tkagg.py", line 6, in <module>
from six.moves import tkinter as Tk
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/six.py", line 203, in load_module
mod = mod._resolve()
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/six.py", line 115, in _resolve
return _import_module(self.mod)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/six.py", line 82, in _import_module
import(name)
ImportError: No module named Tkinter
說明沒有安裝tkinter，使用如下命令安裝：

$ sudo yum install tkinter
之後再測試就沒問題了

>>import statsmodels

10、安裝IPython
直接通過命令安裝
#pip install ipython