說明:此博文爲,tomcat服務器複習筆記。此博文分享在複習過程中,實戰遇到的問題，具體的細節和術語準確度別糾結。
author:拈花爲何不一笑
===>>>> tomcat服務器安裝及管理
tips: jdk1.6開始支持tomcat7, tomcat是java編寫的一個軟件，它要依賴於JDK。
===>>>> 1 tomcat服務器查詢
find / -name *tomcat* #查詢tomcat安裝路徑
rpm -qa|grep tomcat #查詢是否使用rpm安裝了tomcat
說明:whereis 和which 不能完成判斷是否安裝了某個程序，
比如tomcat,可以用rpm -qa|grep tomcat來判斷
查詢一個程序是否被安裝，建議使用yum,rpm 然後再結合whereis ,which等命令來查詢，這樣會更準確一些。
===>>>> 2 tomcat服務器卸載(低版本卸載或卸載Centos6.0自帶的tomcat6)
[root@jtxdsh-129 bin]# rpm -qa|grep tomcat #查詢tomcat是否通過rpm安裝過
apache-tomcat-apis-0.1-1.el6.noarch
jakarta-commons-dbcp-tomcat5-1.2.1-13.8.el6.noarch
tomcat6-jsp-2.1-api-6.0.24-15.el6.noarch
tomcat6-servlet-2.5-api-6.0.24-15.el6.noarch
tomcat6-el-2.1-api-6.0.24-15.el6.noarch
tomcat6-lib-6.0.24-15.el6.noarch
jakarta-commons-pool-tomcat5-1.3-12.7.el6.i686
tomcat6-6.0.24-15.el6.noarch
[root@jtxdsh-129 bin]# rpm -e `rpm -qa|grep tomcat` #卸載tomcat,報錯要求依賴性，那麼可以使用yum來解決。
error: Failed dependencies:
apache-tomcat-apis is needed by (installed) hsqldb-1:1.8.0.10-8.el6.i686
apache-tomcat-apis is needed by (installed) apache-jasper-5.5.28-3.el6.noarch
apache-tomcat-apis is needed by (installed) geronimo-specs-0:1.0-3.4.M2.el6.noarch
apache-tomcat-apis is needed by (installed) jetty-eclipse-6.1.21-1.el6.noarch
apache-tomcat-apis is needed by (installed) eclipse-platform-1:3.5.2-5.el6.i686
[root@jtxdsh-129 bin]# yum remove tomcat6 #yum卸載tomcat6
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit
Setting up Remove Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package tomcat6.noarch 0:6.0.24-15.el6 will be erased
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
========================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
========================================================================================================================================================================
Removing:
tomcat6 noarch 6.0.24-15.el6 @anaconda-centos-201106051823.i386/6.0 190 k
Transaction Summary
========================================================================================================================================================================
Remove 1 Package(s)
Installed size: 190 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y #卸載tomcat6還要安裝它的依賴，輸入y
Downloading Packages:
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
** Found 7 pre-existing rpmdb problem(s), 'yum check' output follows:
akonadi-1.2.1-2.el6.i686 has missing requires of mysql-server
akonadi-1.2.1-2.el6.i686 has missing requires of qt4-mysql
2:postfix-2.6.6-2.el6.i686 has missing requires of libmysqlclient.so.16
2:postfix-2.6.6-2.el6.i686 has missing requires of libmysqlclient.so.16(libmysqlclient_16)
2:postfix-2.6.6-2.el6.i686 has missing requires of mysql-libs
redland-1.0.7-11.el6.i686 has missing requires of libmysqlclient.so.16
redland-1.0.7-11.el6.i686 has missing requires of libmysqlclient.so.16(libmysqlclient_16)
Erasing : tomcat6-6.0.24-15.el6.noarch 1/1
Verifying : tomcat6-6.0.24-15.el6.noarch 1/1
Removed:
tomcat6.noarch 0:6.0.24-15.el6
Complete! #成功卸載tomcat6
[root@jtxdsh-129 local]# yum remove tomcat6 #卸載成功後，再嘗試卸載
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit
Setting up Remove Process
No Match for argument: tomcat6
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn
* extras: mirrors.shu.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.shu.edu.cn
Package(s) tomcat6 available, but not installed. #提示tomcat6沒有被安裝，說明卸載是成功的。
No Packages marked for removal
===>>>> 3 tomcat服務器安裝、運行和訪問
cd /usr/local #進入linux系統軟件安裝目錄集
wget http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-7/v7.0.92/bin/apache-tomcat-7.0.92.tar.gz #下載tomcat7
tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.92.tar.gz #解壓tomcat7,作爲tomcat安裝目錄
cd apache-tomcat-7.0.92/ #進入tomcat7安裝目錄
./bin/startup.sh #啓動tomcat服務器
(A).在linux圖形界面,本地打開瀏覽器，輸入http://localhost:8080/ 進入tomcat7主頁，顯示內容"Apache Tomcat/7.0.92"表示成功。
(B).在windows系統中遠程訪問linux系統中搭建的tomcat
service iptables status #查看防火牆狀態
#測試從當前機器到遠程linux(192.168.179.129)服務器的的網絡是否可達。
ping 192.168.179.129 -n 6 //在windows系統的cmd環境中ping linux服務服務器
或telnet 192.168.179.129 //win7默認是關閉了telnet服務的，手動開啓telnet服務，控制面板-->程序-->勾選: "打開或關閉Windows功能"
ping 192.168.179.129 -c 6 //在linux系統命令環境中ping linux服務服務器
#開牆
vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables #編輯配置文件iptables,添加以下語句
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 8080 -j ACCEPT
service iptables restart #重啓防火牆,使修改的配置生效。
#訪問linux系統中搭建的tomcat服務器
打開瀏覽器，輸入http://localhost:8080/ 進入tomcat7主頁，顯示內容"Apache Tomcat/7.0.92"表示成功。
===>>>> 4 tomcat服務器管理
進入tomcat7安裝目錄
./bin/startup.sh #開啓tomcat服務器
./bin/shutdown.sh #關閉tomcat服務器
===>>>> 5 tomcat配置文件管理
1.catalina.properties配置文件
Tomcat的catalina.properties文件位於%CATALINA_HOME%/conf/目錄下面，
該文件主要配置tomcat的安全設置、類加載設置、不需要掃描的類設置、字符緩存設置四類。
2.server.xml(mysql服務器端的配置文件)
兩大連接器(Connector)
(i) a non-SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector
The HTTP Connector element represents a Connector component that supports the HTTP/1.1 protocol.
It enables Catalina to function as a stand-alone web server, in addition to its ability to execute servlets and JSP pages.
通常用於tomcat提供Web服務，默認監聽8009端口，採用HTTP/1.1協議。
(ii) AJP 1.3 Connector
The AJP Connector element represents a Connector component that communicates with a web connector via the AJP protocol.
通常用於tomcat與其它HTTP服務器進行集成，默認監聽8009端口，採用AJP/1.3協議。
3.日誌文件
(1)Tomcat使用的日誌配置文件:$CATALINA_BASE/conf/logging.properties
(2)tomcat訪問日誌記錄,文件名爲localhost_access_log.日期.txt
(3)Cataline引擎的日誌文件，文件名catalina.日期.log
(4)Tomcat下應用程序拋出的日誌，文件名localhost.日期.log
(5)Tomcat下默認manager應用日誌，文件名manager.日期.log