Topic: 從ClassLoader源碼中學習URLClassLoader
首先 說明一下ClassLoader的核心 – loadClass
protected Class<?> loadClass(String name, boolean resolve)
throws ClassNotFoundException
{
synchronized (getClassLoadingLock(name)) {
// First, check if the class has already been loaded
Class<?> c = findLoadedClass(name);
if (c == null) {
try {
if (parent != null) {
c = parent.loadClass(name, false);
} else {
c = findBootstrapClassOrNull(name);
}
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
// ClassNotFoundException thrown if class not found
// from the non-null parent class loader
}
if (c == null) {
// If still not found, then invoke findClass in order
// to find the class.
c = findClass(name);
}
}
if (resolve) { resolveClass(c); }
return c;
}
}
// ClassLoader method
protected Class<?> findClass(String name) throws ClassNotFoundException {
throw new ClassNotFoundException(name);
}
其中findClass是關鍵:一來沒有具體實現,二來修飾符是protected,所以 很明顯是爲了“開閉”。
接着,查看URLClassLoader的findClass實現
// URLClassLoader overwrite
protected Class<?> findClass(final String name)
throws ClassNotFoundException
{
final Class<?> result;
try {
result = AccessController.doPrivileged(
new PrivilegedExceptionAction<Class<?>>() {
public Class<?> run() throws ClassNotFoundException {
String path = name.replace('.', '/').concat(".class");
Resource res = ucp.getResource(path, false);
if (res != null) {
try {
return defineClass(name, res);
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new ClassNotFoundException(name, e);
}
} else {
return null;
}
}
}, acc);
} catch (java.security.PrivilegedActionException pae) {
throw (ClassNotFoundException) pae.getException();
}
if (result == null) {
throw new ClassNotFoundException(name);
}
return result;
}
如果這塊的核心邏輯,那必然是 – ucp.getResource
從上可知,所有繼承至URLClassLoader的子類(不overwrite findClass的情況下),都是 只能通過ucp來進行資源的加載。所以ucp很重要,它指定了資源的來源,同時也限制了資源的來源。
- 指定資源的來源:可以來自於Local,來自於Remote;可以是Jar,也可以是War等等。
- 限制資源的來源:當指定了該ucp,那麼該ClassLoader的資源來源也就被限制只能是來自於這裏。
然後,查看ExtClassLoader & AppClassLoader的繼承關係
很明顯。那麼接下來,查看一下它們的ucp
- ExtClassLoader
static class ExtClassLoader extends URLClassLoader {
public static Launcher.ExtClassLoader getExtClassLoader() throws IOException {
final File[] var0 = getExtDirs();
try {
return (Launcher.ExtClassLoader)AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedExceptionAction<Launcher.ExtClassLoader>() {
public Launcher.ExtClassLoader run() throws IOException {
int var1 = var0.length;
for(int var2 = 0; var2 < var1; ++var2) {
MetaIndex.registerDirectory(var0[var2]);
}
return new Launcher.ExtClassLoader(var0);
}
});
} catch (PrivilegedActionException var2) {
throw (IOException)var2.getException();
}
}
public ExtClassLoader(File[] var1) throws IOException {
super(getExtURLs(var1), (ClassLoader)null, Launcher.factory);
SharedSecrets.getJavaNetAccess().getURLClassPath(this).initLookupCache(this);
}
private static File[] getExtDirs() {
String var0 = System.getProperty("java.ext.dirs");
File[] var1;
if (var0 != null) {
StringTokenizer var2 = new StringTokenizer(var0, File.pathSeparator);
int var3 = var2.countTokens();
var1 = new File[var3];
for(int var4 = 0; var4 < var3; ++var4) {
var1[var4] = new File(var2.nextToken());
}
} else {
var1 = new File[0];
}
return var1;
}
private static URL[] getExtURLs(File[] var0) throws IOException {
Vector var1 = new Vector();
for(int var2 = 0; var2 < var0.length; ++var2) {
String[] var3 = var0[var2].list();
if (var3 != null) {
for(int var4 = 0; var4 < var3.length; ++var4) {
if (!var3[var4].equals("meta-index")) {
File var5 = new File(var0[var2], var3[var4]);
var1.add(Launcher.getFileURL(var5));
}
}
}
}
URL[] var6 = new URL[var1.size()];
var1.copyInto(var6);
return var6;
}
}
結論:通過getExtClassLoader來獲取ExtClassLoader時,直接採用環境變量中的“java.ext.dirs”作爲資源
- AppClassLoader
static class AppClassLoader extends URLClassLoader {
final URLClassPath ucp = SharedSecrets.getJavaNetAccess().getURLClassPath(this);
public static ClassLoader getAppClassLoader(final ClassLoader var0) throws IOException {
final String var1 = System.getProperty("java.class.path");
final File[] var2 = var1 == null ? new File[0] : Launcher.getClassPath(var1);
return (ClassLoader)AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Launcher.AppClassLoader>() {
public Launcher.AppClassLoader run() {
URL[] var1x = var1 == null ? new URL[0] : Launcher.pathToURLs(var2);
return new Launcher.AppClassLoader(var1x, var0);
}
});
}
AppClassLoader(URL[] var1, ClassLoader var2) {
super(var1, var2, Launcher.factory);
this.ucp.initLookupCache(this);
}
}
結論:通過getAppClassLoader來獲取AppClassLoader時,直接採用環境變量中的“java.class.path”作爲資源
總結
如果想自定義ClassLoader,以實現擴展“資源”,至少需要繼承URLClassLoader並提供期望的ucp。
如果想自定義ClassLoader,並控制雙親委派,則需要繼承URLClassLoader並overwrite findClass邏輯。