一分鐘完成MySQL5.7安裝部署

原創作品,允許轉載,轉載時請務必以超鏈接形式標明文章 原始出處 、作者信息和本聲明。否則將追究法律責任。http://suifu.blog.51cto.com/9167728/1855415


Part1:寫在最前

MYSQL5.7.15是截止至本文撰寫當日,mysql官網的最新社區版,mysql5.7的多項功能優化可以用激動人心來形容,嫌安裝麻煩?沒關係,跟着本文,帶你1分鐘搞定MySQL5.7.15數據庫安裝部署。


Part2:僅僅安裝就夠了?

不,當然不夠,MySQL5.7的多項功能特性更新,無法一一贅述,因此,我們先從和本文最相關的my.cnf,來解讀一些MySQL5.7的部分新特性。

在之前我寫過一篇MySQL5.6的新特性參數,諸如:

innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown=1  它dump的不是數據,是Id號

innodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup=1

開啓這個兩個參數當數據庫重啓後把這些熱數據重新加載回去

只有正常關庫纔會dump熱數據塊,宕機和kill -9不會

更多5.6安裝內容可移步:

http://suifu.blog.51cto.com/9167728/1846671


在5.7裏,一個新的系統參數innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct,其默認值爲25

允許DBA控制每個緩衝池最近使用頁的百分比來導出,以減緩導出innodb buffer pool所有頁佔用過大的磁盤。如果innodb buffer pool裏緩存了100個頁,那麼會將最近使用的25個頁導出去,最大值是100,意思爲全部導出,如下圖所示:

wKiom1fjcbXjsiZ7AACrCgT08qo965.jpg

注:在MariaDB10.1裏,同樣提供了該參數,不過其默認值是100



在線調整innodb_buffer_pool_size,不用重啓mysql進程

在MySQL5.6/MariaDB 10.1版本,調整該參數必須重啓MySQL進程纔可以生效,而mysql5.7版本里,可以直接動態設置,非常方便。

這個功能應用場景如:

1.機器新增內存,DBA忘記調大該參數;

2.工作交接,新來的DBA發現前任DBA對該參數設置不合理。

下面在我機器裏進行測試,把512M內存變更爲256M,見下圖:

wKioL1fjdMSSu3ApAAES8CSuJE4611.jpg

需注意的是,在調整buffer_pool期間,用戶的請求會被阻塞,直到調整完畢,所以請勿在高峯期調整。




Part3:整個流程分3步

1.mysql官網下載二進制版本的mysql5.7.15安裝包(mysql-5.7.15-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz)至/root目錄

2.執行下文所述的mysql_auto_install.sh腳本

3.輸入您設置的密碼登錄數據庫



Part4:自動化腳本

[root@HE2 ~]# cat mysql_auto_install.sh

###### 二進制自動安裝數據庫腳本root密碼MANAGER將腳本和安裝包放在/root目錄即可###############

######數據庫目錄/usr/local/mysql############

######數據目錄/data/mysql############

######慢日誌目錄/data/slowlog############

######端口號默認3306其餘參數按需自行修改############

 

##################

#author:[email protected]#

##################

#!/bin/bash

 

 

# Check if user is root

if [ $(id -u) != "0" ]; then

    echo "Error: You must be root to run this script, please use root to install"

    exit 1

fi

 

clear

echo "========================================================================="

echo "A tool to auto-compile & install MySQL 5.7.15 on Redhat/CentOS Linux "

echo "========================================================================="

cur_dir=$(pwd)

 

#set mysql root password

    echo "==========================="

 

    mysqlrootpwd="MANAGER"

    echo -e "Please input the root password of mysql:"

    read -p "(Default password: MANAGER):" mysqlrootpwd

    if [ "$mysqlrootpwd" = "" ]; then

        mysqlrootpwd="MANAGER"

    fi

    echo "==========================="

    echo "MySQL root password:$mysqlrootpwd"

    echo "==========================="

 

#which MySQL Version do you want to install?

echo "==========================="

 

 

    isinstallmysql57="n"

    echo "Install MySQL 5.7.15,Please input y"

    read -p "(Please input y , n):" isinstallmysql57

 

 

    case "$isinstallmysql57" in

    y|Y|Yes|YES|yes|yES|yEs|YeS|yeS)

    echo "You will install MySQL 5.7.15"

 

    isinstallmysql57="y"

    ;;

    *)

    echo "INPUT error,You will exit install MySQL 5.7.15"

 

    isinstallmysql57="n"

    exit

    esac

 

    get_char()

    {

    SAVEDSTTY=`stty -g`

    stty -echo

    stty cbreak

    #dd if=/dev/tty bs=1 count=1 2> /dev/null

    stty -raw

    stty echo

    stty $SAVEDSTTY

    }

    echo ""

    echo "Press any key to start...or Press Ctrl+c to cancel"

    char=`get_char`

 

# Initialize  the installation related content.

function InitInstall()

{

    cat /etc/issue

    uname -a

    MemTotal=`free -m | grep Mem | awk '{print  $2}'`  

    echo -e "\n Memory is: ${MemTotal} MB "

    #Set timezone

    #rm -rf /etc/localtime

    #ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime

 

 

    #Delete Old Mysql program

    rpm -qa|grep mysql

    rpm -e mysql

 

 

 

 

 

 

    #Disable SeLinux

    if [ -s /etc/selinux/config ]; then

    sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config

    fi

    setenforce 0

 

 

}

 

 

#Installation of depend on and optimization options.

function InstallDependsAndOpt()

{

cd $cur_dir

 

cat >>/etc/security/limits.conf<<EOF

* soft nproc 65535

* hard nproc 65535

* soft nofile 65535

* hard nofile 65535

EOF

 

echo "fs.file-max=65535" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

}

 

#Install MySQL

function InstallMySQL57()

{

echo "============================Install MySQL 5.7.15=================================="

cd $cur_dir

 

#Backup old my.cnf

#rm -f /etc/my.cnf

if [ -s /etc/my.cnf ]; then

    mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.`date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S`.bak

fi

 

echo "============================MySQL 5.7.15 installing…………========================="

#mysql directory configuration

tar xvf /root/mysql-5.7.15-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

mv /root/mysql-5.7.15-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

groupadd mysql -g 512

useradd -u 512 -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -d /home/mysql mysql

mkdir -p /data/mysql

mkdir -p /data/slowlog

chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql /data/slowlog

 

 

#edit /etc/my.cnf

SERVERID=`ifconfig eth0 | grep "inet addr" | awk '{ print $2}'| awk -F. '{ print $3$4}'`

cat >>/etc/my.cnf<<EOF

[client]

port=3306

socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

default-character-set=utf8

 

[mysql]

no-auto-rehash

default-character-set=utf8

 

[mysqld]

port=3306

character-set-server=utf8

socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

basedir=/usr/local/mysql

datadir=/data/mysql

explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true

lower_case_table_names=1

back_log=103

max_connections=3000

max_connect_errors=100000

table_open_cache=512

external-locking=FALSE

max_allowed_packet=32M

sort_buffer_size=2M

join_buffer_size=2M

thread_cache_size=51

query_cache_size=32M

#query_cache_limit=4M

transaction_isolation=REPEATABLE-READ

tmp_table_size=96M

max_heap_table_size=96M

 

###***slowqueryparameters

long_query_time=1

slow_query_log = 1

slow_query_log_file=/data/slowlog/slow.log

 

###***binlogparameters

log-bin=mysql-bin

binlog_cache_size=4M

max_binlog_cache_size=8M

max_binlog_size=1024M

binlog_format=MIXED

expire_logs_days=7

 

###***relay-logparameters

#relay-log=/data/3307/relay-bin

#relay-log-info-file=/data/3307/relay-log.info

#master-info-repository=table

#relay-log-info-repository=table

#relay-log-recovery=1

 

#***MyISAMparameters

key_buffer_size=16M

read_buffer_size=1M

read_rnd_buffer_size=16M

bulk_insert_buffer_size=1M

 

#skip-name-resolve

 

###***master-slavereplicationparameters

server-id=$SERVERID

#slave-skip-errors=all

 

#***Innodbstorageengineparameters

innodb_buffer_pool_size=512M

innodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:10M:autoextend

#innodb_file_io_threads=8

innodb_thread_concurrency=16

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1

innodb_log_buffer_size=16M

innodb_log_file_size=512M

innodb_log_files_in_group=2

innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct=75

innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct=75

innodb_lock_wait_timeout=50

innodb_file_per_table=on

 

[mysqldump]

quick

max_allowed_packet=32M

 

[myisamchk]

key_buffer=16M

sort_buffer_size=16M

read_buffer=8M

write_buffer=8M

 

[mysqld_safe]

open-files-limit=8192

log-error=/data/mysql/error.log

pid-file=/data/mysql/mysqld.pid

 

EOF

 

 

 

 

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --initialize-insecure

 

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

chmod 700 /etc/init.d/mysqld

chkconfig --add mysqld

chkconfig --level 2345 mysqld on

 

cat >> /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql-x86_64.conf<<EOF

/usr/local/mysql/lib

EOF

ldconfig

 

if [ -d "/proc/vz" ];then

ulimit -s unlimited

fi

 

/etc/init.d/mysqld start

 

 

cat >> /etc/profile <<EOF

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/mysql/lib

EOF

 

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password $mysqlrootpwd

 

cat > /tmp/mysql_sec_script<<EOF

use mysql;

delete from mysql.user where user!='root' or host!='localhost';

grant all privileges on *.* to 'sys_admin'@'%' identified by 'MANAGER';

flush privileges;

EOF

 

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p$mysqlrootpwd -h localhost < /tmp/mysql_sec_script

 

#rm -f /tmp/mysql_sec_script

 

 

#/etc/init.d/mysqld restart

 

 

 

 

echo "============================MySQL 5.7.15 install completed========================="

}

 

 

 

function CheckInstall()

{

echo "===================================== Check install ==================================="

clear

ismysql=""

echo "Checking..."

 

if [ -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql ] && [ -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe ] && [ -s /etc/my.cnf ]; then

  echo "MySQL: OK"

  ismysql="ok"

  else

  echo "Error: /usr/local/mysql not found!!!MySQL install failed."

fi

 

if [ "$ismysql" = "ok" ]; then

echo "Install MySQL 5.7.15 completed! enjoy it."

echo "========================================================================="

netstat -ntl

else

echo "Sorry,Failed to install MySQL!"

echo "You can tail /root/mysql-install.log from your server."

fi

}

 

#The installation log

InitInstall 2>&1 | tee /root/mysql-install.log

InstallDependsAndOpt 2>&1 | tee -a /root/mysql-install.log

InstallMySQL57 > /dev/null

CheckInstall 2>&1 | tee -a /root/mysql-install.log



Part5:登錄&享受吧

輸入用戶名密碼(默認爲MANAGER)登錄數據庫

wKioL1fg55bRtezyAAEwCj3jwm4534.jpg


至此,MySQL5.7.15安裝完成


——總結——

MySQL5.7擁有諸多讓我們激動和期待的新功能,限於文章篇幅原因,這裏僅僅介紹冰山一角。由於筆者的水平有限,編寫時間也很倉促,文中難免會出現一些錯誤或者不準確的地方,不妥之處懇請讀者批評指正。


本文出自 “歲伏” 博客,請務必保留此出處http://suifu.blog.51cto.com/9167728/1855415


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