一、Cacti的安裝
1.安裝環境:RedHat AS 4
2.安裝Apache、MySQL、PHP
(1).安裝MySQL
# rpm –qa | grep mysql
# rpm –e mysql-*
//查找/etc/my.cnf(MySQL的選項配置文件),如果有請刪除它,以免影響新安裝版本的啓動。
# rm –f /etc/my.cnf
# tar –zxvf mysql-standard-5.0.27-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz
# cp –rf mysql-standard-5.0.27-linux-i686-glibc23 /usr/local/
//建立符號鏈接,如果以後有新版本的MySQL的話,你可以僅僅將源碼解壓到新的路徑,然後重新做一個符號鏈接就可以了。這樣非常方便,數據也更加安全。
# ln –s mysql-standard-5.0.27-linux-i686-glibc23 /usr/local/mysql
//添加用於啓動MySQL的用戶及用戶組(如果以前安裝過MySQl,用戶及用戶組可能已存在)。
# useradd mysql
# groupadd mysql
//初始化授權表
# cd /usr/local/mysql
# scripts/mysql_install_db
//修改MySQl目錄的所有權
# cd /usr/local
# chgrp –R mysql mysql-standard-5.0.27-linux-i686-glibc23
# chgrp –R mysql mysql
# chown –R mysql mysql-standard-5.0.27-linux-i686-glibc23/data
# chown –R mysql mysql/data
# ln –s /usr/local/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
//啓動Mysql
# bin/safe_mysqld --user=mysql &
//配置系統啓動時自動啓動MySQl
# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
# chkconfig --add mysqld
//修改MySQL的最大連接數
# vi /etc/my.cnf
//添加以下行
[mysqld]
set-variable=max_connections=1000
set-variable=max_user_connections=500
set-variable=max_connections=1000
set-variable=max_user_connections=500
set-variable=wait_timeout=200
//max_connections設置最大連接數爲1000
//max_user_connections設置每用戶最大連接數爲500
//wait_timeout表示200秒後將關閉空閒(IDLE)的連接,但是對正在工作的連接不影響。
//wait_timeout表示200秒後將關閉空閒(IDLE)的連接,但是對正在工作的連接不影響。
//保存退出,並重新啓動MySQL
//重新啓動MySQL後使用下面的命令查看修改是否成功
# mysqladmin -uroot -p variables
Password:
//可以看到以下項說明修改成功
| max_connections | 1000
| max_user_connections | 500
| wait_timeout | 200
(2).安裝Apache
# tar –zxvf httpd-2.2.4.tar.gz
# cd httpd-2.2.4
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --enable-so
//編譯時加上加載模塊參數--enable-so
# make
# make install
#vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
# vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local
(3).安裝PHP
先安裝zlib,freetype,libpng,jpeg以便於讓PHP支持GD庫(Cacti的WeatherMap插件必須要較新GD庫的支持)
庫文件下載地址:[url]http://oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/pub/libs/[/url]
1).安裝zlib
1).安裝zlib
2).安裝libpng
3).安裝freetype
4).安裝Jpeg
注意,這裏configure一定要帶--enable-shared參數,不然,不會生成共享庫
5).安裝Fontconfig
tar -zxvf fontconfig-2.4.2.tar.gz
cd fontconfig-2.4.2
cd fontconfig-2.4.2
./configure --with-freetype-config=/usr/local/freetype
make
make install
make install
6).安裝GD
編譯時顯示以下信息:
** Configuration summary for gd 2.0.34:
Support for PNG library: yes
Support for JPEG library: yes
Support for Freetype 2.x library: yes
Support for Fontconfig library: yes
Support for Xpm library: no
Support for pthreads: yes
7).編輯/etc/ld.so.conf,添加以下幾行到此文件中。
8).安裝libxml,RedHat AS 4默認安裝libxml包,但版本太低,PHP5需要更高版本的libxml包。
# tar –zxvf libxml2-2.6.25.tar.gz
# cd libxml2-2.6.25
# ./configure
# make
# make install
9).安裝PHP
tar -zxvf php-5.2.3.tar.gz
cd php-5.2.3
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-gd=/usr/local/libgd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-ttf --enable-gd-jis-conv --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/libjpeg --with-png-dir=/usr --with-zlib-dir=/usr/local/zlib --enable-xml --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets
cd php-5.2.3
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-gd=/usr/local/libgd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-ttf --enable-gd-jis-conv --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/libjpeg --with-png-dir=/usr --with-zlib-dir=/usr/local/zlib --enable-xml --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets
# make
# make install
# cp php.ini-recommended /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
# ln –s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
# vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
查找AddType application/x-compress .Z
AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz
在其下加入 AddType application/x-tar .tgz
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
AddType p_w_picpath/x-icon .ico
修改DirectoryIndex 行,添加index.php
修改爲DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.html.var
# vi /usr/local/apache/htdocs/test.php
添加以下行:
//php標記(用<代替[)
[?php
?]
wq保存退出。
# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl –k stop
#/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl –k start
對php編譯選項的解釋:
--prefix=/usr/local/php //指定PHP的安裝目錄
--with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs //支持Apache模塊
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql //支持MySQl
--with-gd=/usr/local/libgd //支持GD庫
--enable-gd-native-ttf //激活對本地 TrueType 字符串函數的支持
--with-ttf //激活對 FreeType 1.x 的支持
--with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype //激活對 FreeType 2.x 的支持
--with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/libjpeg //激活對 jpeg-6b 的支持
--with-png-dir=/usr //激活對 png 的支持
--with-zlib-dir=/usr/local/zlib //激活對zlib 的支持
--enable-mbstring //激活mbstring模塊
--enable-gd-jis-conv //使JIS-mapped可用,支持日文字體
--with-mail //支持Mail函數
--enable-xml //支持XML
--enable-sockets //支持套接字
1.安裝RRDTool
由於rrdtool-1.2.23需要一些庫文件支持,故需先安裝配置支持的環境,然後編譯安裝。直接運行以下bash腳本就可以完成安裝:
注意:將cgilib-0.5.tar.gz、zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz、libpng-1.2.18.tar.gz、freetype-2.3.5.tar.gz、libart_lgpl-2.3.17.tar.gz、rrdtool-1.2.23.tar.gz放到/root/rrdtool-1.2.23目錄下,將腳本保存爲/root/rrdtool-1.2.23/rrdtoolinstall.sh,並給執行權限chmod u+x /root/rrdtool-1.2.23/rrdtoolinstall.sh。
以下鏈接是我重新打好的一個rrdtool-1.2.23的安裝包,裏面包括了所有用到的庫文件和安裝腳本,下載解壓後執行腳本rrdinstall.sh即可以完成RRDTool的安裝。
點擊下載rrdtool-1.2.23.tar.gz
注意:將cgilib-0.5.tar.gz、zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz、libpng-1.2.18.tar.gz、freetype-2.3.5.tar.gz、libart_lgpl-2.3.17.tar.gz、rrdtool-1.2.23.tar.gz放到/root/rrdtool-1.2.23目錄下,將腳本保存爲/root/rrdtool-1.2.23/rrdtoolinstall.sh,並給執行權限chmod u+x /root/rrdtool-1.2.23/rrdtoolinstall.sh。
以下鏈接是我重新打好的一個rrdtool-1.2.23的安裝包,裏面包括了所有用到的庫文件和安裝腳本,下載解壓後執行腳本rrdinstall.sh即可以完成RRDTool的安裝。
點擊下載rrdtool-1.2.23.tar.gz
如果以上腳本安裝失敗,可以試試以下安裝包:
#!/bin/sh
BUILD_DIR=`pwd`
INSTALL_DIR=/usr/local/rrdtool
cd $BUILD_DIR
tar zxf cgilib-0.5.tar.gz
cd cgilib-0.5
make CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O3 -fPIC -I."
mkdir -p $BUILD_DIR/lb/include
cp *.h $BUILD_DIR/lb/include
mkdir -p $BUILD_DIR/lb/lib
cp libcgi* $BUILD_DIR/lb/lib
cd $BUILD_DIR
tar zxf zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz
cd zlib-1.2.3
env CFLAGS="-O3 -fPIC" ./configure --prefix=$BUILD_DIR/lb
make
make install
cd $BUILD_DIR
tar zxvf libpng-1.2.18.tar.gz
cd libpng-1.2.18
env CPPFLAGS="-I$BUILD_DIR/lb/include" LDFLAGS="-L$BUILD_DIR/lb/lib" CFLAGS="-O3 -fPIC" \
./configure --disable-shared --prefix=$BUILD_DIR/lb
make
make install
cd $BUILD_DIR
tar zxvf freetype-2.3.5.tar.gz
cd freetype-2.2.5
env CPPFLAGS="-I$BUILD_DIR/lb/include" LDFLAGS="-L$BUILD_DIR/lb/lib" CFLAGS="-O3 -fPIC" \
./configure --disable-shared --prefix=$BUILD_DIR/lb
make
make install
BUILD_DIR=`pwd`
INSTALL_DIR=/usr/local/rrdtool
cd $BUILD_DIR
tar zxf cgilib-0.5.tar.gz
cd cgilib-0.5
make CC=gcc CFLAGS="-O3 -fPIC -I."
mkdir -p $BUILD_DIR/lb/include
cp *.h $BUILD_DIR/lb/include
mkdir -p $BUILD_DIR/lb/lib
cp libcgi* $BUILD_DIR/lb/lib
cd $BUILD_DIR
tar
cd zlib-1.2.3
env CFLAGS="-O3 -fPIC" ./configure --prefix=$BUILD_DIR/lb
make
make install
cd $BUILD_DIR
tar zxvf libpng-1.2.18.tar.gz
cd libpng-1.2.18
env CPPFLAGS="-I$BUILD_DIR/lb/include" LDFLAGS="-L$BUILD_DIR/lb/lib" CFLAGS="-O3 -fPIC" \
make
make install
cd $BUILD_DIR
tar zxvf freetype-2.3.5.tar.gz
cd freetype-2.2.5
env CPPFLAGS="-I$BUILD_DIR/lb/include" LDFLAGS="-L$BUILD_DIR/lb/lib" CFLAGS="-O3 -fPIC" \
make
make install
cd $BUILD_DIR
tar zxvf libart_lgpl-2.3.17.tar.gz
cd libart_lgpl-2.3.17
env CFLAGS="-O3 -fPIC" ./configure --disable-shared --prefix=$BUILD_DIR/lb
make
make install
IR=-I$BUILD_DIR/lb/include
CPPFLAGS="$IR $IR/libart-2.0 $IR/freetype2 $IR/libpng"
LDFLAGS="-L$BUILD_DIR/lb/lib"
CFLAGS=-O3
export CPPFLAGS LDFLAGS CFLAGS
CPPFLAGS="$IR $IR/libart-2.0 $IR/freetype2 $IR/libpng"
LDFLAGS="-L$BUILD_DIR/lb/lib"
CFLAGS=-O3
export CPPFLAGS LDFLAGS CFLAGS
cd $BUILD_DIR
tar zxf rrdtool-1.2.23.tar.gz
cd rrdtool-1.2.23
./configure --prefix=$INSTALL_DIR --disable-python --disable-tcl && make && make install
tar zxf rrdtool-1.2.23.tar.gz
cd rrdtool-1.2.23
./configure --prefix=$INSTALL_DIR --disable-python --disable-tcl && make && make install
//完成後建立符號連接
ln –s /usr/local/rrdtool/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
//執行rrdtool看是否安裝正確
2.安裝net-snmp
RedHat默認安裝了SNMP服務,但好象沒有snmpwalk,snmpget這兩個命令,所以需要編譯安裝NET-SNMP。
# tar zxvf net-snmp-5.2.4.tar.gz
#cd net-snmp-5.2.4
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/net-snmp--enable-developer
#make
#make install
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/net-snmp
#make
#make install
# ln –s /usr/local/net-snmp/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
#cp EXAMPLE.conf /usr/local/net-snmp/share/snmp/snmpd.conf
//修改snmpd.conf(修改COMMUNITY、允許抓取snmp數據的主機、抓取數據範圍等)。
# /usr/local/net-snmp/sbin/snmpd //啓動SNMP服務
# vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local
3.安裝Cacti
# tar –zxvf cacti-0.8.6j.tar.gz
# mv –r cacti-0.8.6j /usr/loca/apache/htdocs/cacti
# vi /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/include/config.php
$database_type = "mysql";
$database_default = "cacti";
$database_hostname = "localhost";
$database_username = "cacti";
$database_password = "cacti";
//添加cacti用戶
# useradd cacti
//將rra目錄的所有權給cacti用戶
# chown –R cacti /usr/loca/apache/htdocs/cacti/rra
//修改cacti目錄所屬組
# chgrp –R cacti /usr/loca/apache/htdocs/cacti
//爲cacti用戶添加cron任務
# su – cacti
# crontab –e
*/5 * * * * /usr/local/bin/php /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/poller.php > /dev/null 2>&1
注意:首次執行poller.php時請使用cacti用戶,否則生成的rrd文件cacti將沒有寫入權限。
4.安裝Cactid
CACTID 的安裝需要以下支持:
o net-snmp-devel (需要編譯安裝net-snmp時添加--enable-developer選項)
o mysql
o mysql-devel (mysql源文件編譯安裝後默認支持)
o openssl-devel (Redhat默認安裝)
# tar -zxvf cacti-cactid-0.8.6i.tar.gz
# cd cacti-cactid-0.8.6i
# ./configure --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-snmp=/usr/local/net-snmp
# make
//這時你將在此目錄下看到多出了cactid、cactid.conf兩個文件
# mkdir /usr/local/cactid
# cp cactid cactid.conf /usr/local/cactid
# vi /usr/local/cactid/cactid.conf //修改cactid配置文件
DB_Host 127.0.0.1
DB_Database cacti
DB_User cacti
DB_Pass cacti
5.數據庫配置
#mysql –uroot –p
Password:
mysql> create database cacti;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> grant all on cacti.* to cacti@localhost identified by “cacti”;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>exit
# cd /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti
# mysql –uroot –p cacti < cacti.sql
Password:
6.完成cacti的安裝
默認用戶名:admin 密碼:admin
2).更改密碼
3).設置cacti用到的命令路徑
snmpwalk Binary Path /usr/local/ bin/snmpwalk
snmpget Binary Path /usr/local/ bin/snmpget
RRDTool Binary Path /usr/local/ bin/rrdtool
PHP Binary Path /usr/local/bin/php
Cacti Log File Path /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/log/cacti.log
Cactid Poller File Path /usr/local/cactid/cactid
4).進入cacti後需確認更改以下位置:(如下圖)
Console>Settings>General
Console>Settings>Poller