1.(a) little/(a) few
含義:一點兒,很少/少數,幾個
用法:a little和little修飾不可數名詞,a few和few修飾可數名次複數,a little和a few含肯定語氣
而little和few含否定肯定語氣
2.a number of + 名詞 做主語
用法:a number of意味"一些,許多",其後接可數名次複數,相當於many或a lot of.作主語時謂語動詞用複數形式
the number of + 名次複數 (..的數量)，它做主語時謂語動詞用單數形式
例: A number of countries regard China as their friend
3.adjective(形容詞)作狀語
用法:形容詞(短語)做狀語有幾種用法:
1表示行爲方式或伴隨狀況.有時跟非限定性定語從句一樣,表示意義上的補充,其邏輯主語是句子的主語.
2表示原因,這種狀語一般位於句首,有時位於居中
3.表示時間或條件。這種狀語通常位於句首,也可位於句末
4.可以做讓步狀語.這種狀語常由連詞or連接的兩個或兩個以上的並列形容詞構成，一般位於句首或局中
Crusoe stared at(凝視) the footprint ,full of fear
Lin Tao, glad to acccept the suggestion, nodded(點頭( nod的過去式和過去分詞 );打盹;打瞌睡;點頭致意) in agreement
Ripe(成熟的;醇美可口的;老練的;時機成熟的),these apples are sweet
Wet or fine,he got up at six and took a walk in the park
4.also
用法:意味“也，又”通常用在表示肯定的句子中,放在助動詞後，或者實義動詞之前，too表示"也"
用於肯定句的句尾,either表示"也(不）"，用於否定句的句尾
5.as 作介詞時,用來表明主語的身份或者其他特徵.
As a student, your major task is to study
As a Party member,my father is always strict with himself
As a teacher,Mr Green works carefully
6. as far as sb.know 據某人所知
as far as sb.通常位於句首,後面引導陳述事實的句子.這一用法類似與as/so far as sb.
can remember/can see(就...所記得/看到的)和as/so far sb. is concerned (就...而言)
As far as I know, Mr. White is still in Beijing
7.as for... 至於,就...而言
as for用於轉換話題,它總是出現在下文的句首.用來引出另一方或者新的談話內容.但與前文內容也有一定的聯繫,起到補充前文突出後文的作用,與前文形成對照，as for 後可接名次或代詞
As for myself, I won't go
As for you advice , I'll consider it well
8 as if 好像 好似
as if 可用在look,seem等系動詞後引導表語從句,還可以引導方式狀語從句.當說話者認爲句子所陳述的是真實的事實時,用陳述語氣,當說話人認爲句子陳述的是假設情況時,用虛擬語氣.表示與現在事實相反時用過去完成時,表示與將來事實相反時用過去完成時,表示將來事實相反時用過去將來時
he greeted me as if he knew me
my aunt looks as if she were ten years younger
9 as long as
有兩層意思,一是 “與...一樣(久)” 二是用於引申義表示"只要,如果"和so long as ,only if 一樣可以來引導條件狀語從句
The bridge is as long as that one
My aunt lived in Canada as long as ten years
As long as it doesn't rain ,we are going to the beach
10 as soon as possible 儘快,儘早
as soon as possible是一個時間狀語從句，通常放在句子末尾,它相當於as soon as sb. can/could
11 as well 又，也
as well通常用作狀語,相當於too或also.常位於句末,無須用逗號與句子分開.
12 as well as 也,和，而且
as well as用來連接同等並列成分，側重強調前者,連接並列主語時,謂語動詞的形式和前面
一個主語的數保持一致.as well as後面有時可跟動名詞,有時可譯爲"不僅,而且，除了...還"
13 as you know.... 正如你知道的....
as you know ..實際上市一中定語從句.可以置於句首,句中或句末,know可以替換成其他動詞.如
see,imagine,surprise,和expect等
As you know ,China is a developing country
As you know , everyone is eager to have more friends
14 as從句表示 “由於,因爲”時的用法
as 意味 “由於,因爲”時，引導的從句通常放在主句之前，有時放在主局之後,它表示人們已知的原因，即對已知事實提供理由，而不表示直接原因，他的語氣比because弱很多,不能回答why提問句型
because,as,for,since 四詞都表示“原因”的連詞,
語氣由強至弱依次爲:because -> since -> as -> for;此外because,since ,as 均爲從屬連詞,引導原因狀語從句,而for是並列連詞,引導並列局.
15.as引導方式狀語從句時，意爲“如同....”,按照....的方式(樣子,辦法等).這種常位於主語之後