Shell練習之：分析網卡信息

 

    利用shell腳本分析網卡狀態信息

題目：

shell 編程
1.編寫腳本程序讀取網卡上的流量，收、發包數，丟包數以及丟包率；
2.要求網卡名稱可配置，不僅限於ethX，如pagX（X爲數字）,網卡數量也可配置；
3.通過配置相應參數，控制各個網卡顯示相應信息；
4.要求程序的輸出簡潔直觀，輸出結果要便於二次處理；
5.配置文件要獨立與shell程序； 

6.考慮該shell腳本在不同版本系統下可能出現的差異，舉出一兩例
    這個需求是某某公司新進員工的一個內測題目，該員工尋求我的幫助，我就替他寫了一個版本。這個腳本，如果你能看懂，那麼恭喜你，你已經不屬於新手的行列了。哈哈。。除了第六點需要自行測試，其他的腳本內容如下：

腳本名：nic_information_analysis.sh

#!/bin/bash
#date:2014-09-10
#author:yourname
#function:
#    used to analysis information for nic(network interface card)
#Variables description:
#   scriptDir---the directory path of script
#   nicName---storage the nic name list
#   RX---recive flow,but the unit is byte
#   TX---transfer flow,but the unit is byte
#   reciveFlow---recive flow,but the unit is MByte
#   transferFlow---transfer flow,but the unit is MByte
#   totalFlow----the summary of reciveFlow and transferFlow,the unit is MByte
#   rpkgnum---recive packets number
#   spkgnum---send(transfer) packets number
#   rdpkgnum---the drop packet number based on recive packets
#   sdpkgnum---the drop packet number based on send packets
#   rdratio---the drop packet ratio based on recive packets
#   sdratio---the drop packet ratio based on send packets
#
#Arguments description:
#   rp---recive packets
#   tp---transfer packets
#   dp---drop packets
#   dra---drop ratio
#   all---all information for every netcard
#   

#description:
#   Please set variable "scriptDir" first!!!
#   

#Notice: this script and config.txt must be in the same directory,or you can set right #directory

#
scriptDir=/home/workspace
. $scriptDir/config.txt

for nic in $nicName
do
ifconfig $nic >& /dev/null
[ $? -ne 0 ] && echo -e "\033[31mWrong: NIC $nic is not exist! Please check config file: $scriptDir/config.txt\033[0m" && exit 1
done

function flow_count() {
RX=`ifconfig $1 | sed -n '/RX bytes/ s/^[[:space:]]*//p' | awk -F '[ :]' '{print $3}'`
TX=`ifconfig $1 | sed -n '/RX bytes/ s/^[[:space:]]*//p' | awk -F '[ :]' '{print $(NF-2)}'`
reciveFlow=$(echo "scale=2;$RX/1024" | bc)M
transferFlow=$(echo "scale=2;$TX/1024" | bc)M
totalFlow=$(echo "scale=2;`expr $RX + $TX`/1024" |  bc)M
echo "RX Flow is $reciveFlow"
echo "TX Flow is $transferFlow"
echo "Total Flow is $totalFlow"
echo
}

function recivePackets_count() {
rpkgnum=`ifconfig $1 | sed -n '/RX packets/ s/^[[:space:]]*//p' | awk -F '[ :]' '{print $3}'`
echo "recive packet number is: $rpkgnum"
echo
}
function sendPackets_count() {
spkgnum=`ifconfig $1 | sed -n '/TX packets/ s/^[[:space:]]*//p' | awk -F '[ :]' '{print $3}'`
echo "send packet number is: $spkgnum"
echo
}
function dropPackets_count() {
rdpkgnum=`ifconfig $1 | sed -n '/RX packets/ s/^[[:space:]]*//p' | awk -F '[ :]' '{print $7}'`
sdpkgnum=`ifconfig $1 | sed -n '/TX packets/ s/^[[:space:]]*//p' | awk -F '[ :]' '{print $7}'`
echo "drop packet number of RX is: $rdpkgnum"
echo "drop packet number of TX is: $sdpkgnum"
echo
}
function dropratio_count() {
rdratio=$(echo "scale=2;$rdpkgnum/($rdpkgnum+$rpkgnum)*100" | bc)%
sdratio=$(echo "scale=2;$sdpkgnum/($sdpkgnum+$spkgnum)*100" | bc)%
echo "drop ratio of RX is: $rdratio"
echo "drop ratio of TX is: $rdratio"
echo
}

function dropratio_count_single() {
rpkgnum=`ifconfig $1 | sed -n '/RX packets/ s/^[[:space:]]*//p' | awk -F '[ :]' '{print $3}'`
spkgnum=`ifconfig $1 | sed -n '/TX packets/ s/^[[:space:]]*//p' | awk -F '[ :]' '{print $3}'`
rdpkgnum=`ifconfig $1 | sed -n '/RX packets/ s/^[[:space:]]*//p' | awk -F '[ :]' '{print $7}'`
sdpkgnum=`ifconfig $1 | sed -n '/TX packets/ s/^[[:space:]]*//p' | awk -F '[ :]' '{print $7}'`
rdratio=$(echo "scale=2;$rdpkgnum/($rdpkgnum+$rpkgnum)*100" | bc)%
sdratio=$(echo "scale=2;$sdpkgnum/($sdpkgnum+$spkgnum)*100" | bc)%
echo "drop ratio of RX is: $rdratio"
echo "drop ratio of TX is: $sdratio"
echo
}

function All_information_summary() {
flow_count $1
recivePackets_count $1
sendPackets_count $1
dropPackets_count $1
dropratio_count $1
}

function print_information(){
    echo "Follow information is about $1 of every netcard:"
}

function analysis_result() {
    for i in $nicName
    do
        echo -e "\033[31mNetcard is $i:\033[0m"
        $1 $i
    done
}

case $1 in
    flow)
        print_information "the flow information"
        analysis_result flow_count
        ;;
    rp)  
        print_information "the recive packet number"
        analysis_result recivePackets_count
        ;;
    tp)
        print_information "the send packet number"
        analysis_result sendPackets_count

        ;;
    dp)
        print_information "the drop packet number"
        analysis_result dropPackets_count
        ;;
    dra)
        print_information "the drop packet ratio"
        analysis_result dropratio_count_single
        ;;
    all)
        print_information "all information"
        analysis_result  All_information_summary
        ;;
    *)
        echo "Usage $0 {flow|rp|tp|dp|dra|all}"
        echo
        ;;
esac

網卡配置文件名：config.txt,內容如下：

#configure your network card
nicName="eth0 lo"

該配置文件可以讓你任意添加刪除網卡，而達到你的需求，不需要動腳本的任何內容。。其次該配置文件要和腳本放在同一個目錄下，在腳本中已經有所說明。。

下面看看執行效果：

 

    從上面的信息可見，腳本的執行沒有任何問題，功能基本達到。。。這個時候可能有人還會問？如果我一次性傳遞多個參數怎麼辦？好，這個問題，你自己解決，哈哈！！！

 

結束！！！

           笨蛋的技術------不怕你不會！！！