Linux虛擬機擴展根分區！
虛擬機根分區空間不夠用，在虛擬機管理界面進行單個磁盤擴展（圖形化界面操作略），比如原來是30G，擴展至40G，（擴展需要關機之後操作）
其中的10G空間需要重新分區，以下是分區相關操作讓擴展的空間生效：
登錄系統之後：
df -h 發現空間沒有發生變化：
[root@lub ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
25G 19G 4.2G 82% /
tmpfs 642M 0 642M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 485M 34M 426M 8% /boot
fdisk -l 發現總容量已經擴展。
[root@lub ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00069f1c
------------------------------
對擴展的磁盤進行分區：
[root@lub ~]# fdisk /dev/sda
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00069f1c
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 64 4047 31992832 8e Linux LVM
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
3
Invalid partition number for type `3'
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 3
First cylinder (4047-5221, default 4047):
Using default value 4047
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (4047-5221, default 5221):
Using default value 5221
Command (m for help): p -------查看分區後的情況
Disk /dev/sda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00069f1c
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 64 4047 31992832 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3 4047 5221 9431826+ 83 Linux
---新增的sda3
Command (m for help): w 保存分區
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.
[root@lub ~]#
--------------------使用命令發現partprobe /dev/sda3發現分區並沒有起作用：
[root@lub ~]# partprobe /dev/sda3
Error: Could not stat device /dev/sda3 - No such file or directory.
[root@lub ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda3
Device /dev/sda3 not found (or ignored by filtering).
-----重啓系統。
------LVM操作。擴展根分區
[root@lub ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda3
Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created
[root@lub ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
VolGroup 1 2 0 wz--n- 30.51g 0
[root@lub ~]# vgextend VolGroup /dev/sda3
Volume group "VolGroup" successfully extended
[root@lub ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
VolGroup 2 2 0 wz--n- 39.50g 8.99g
[root@lub ~]# lvextend -L +8.99G /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
Rounding size to boundary between physical extents: 8.99 GiB
Extending logical volume lv_root to 33.50 GiB
Logical volume lv_root successfully resized
[root@lub ~]# resize2fs /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem at /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
old desc_blocks = 2, new_desc_blocks = 3
Performing an on-line resize of /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root to 8781824 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root is now 8781824 blocks long.
----命令操作根分區情況，發現已經生效：
[root@lub ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
33G 19G 13G 60% /
tmpfs 642M 0 642M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 485M 34M 426M 8% /boot
[root@lub ~]#
完成擴展。！