參考文章:
http://xiao80xiao.iteye.com/blog/519394 (django 自定義標籤和過濾器)
http://www.cnblogs.com/btchenguang/archive/2012/09/05/2672364.html#WizKMOutline_1346841868165594 (Django框架學習-Templates進階用法--下)
自定義標籤放在app/templatetags下。下面是3個例子。
自定義標籤1（過濾器）：
vim test_tags.py
from django.template import Library
register = Library()
@register.filter('percent_decimal')
def percent_decimal(value):
value = float(str(value))
value = round(value, 3)
value = value * 100
return str(value) + '%'
#register.filter('percent_decimal', percent_decimal)作用是將傳過來的小數轉換成百分比顯示
views.py
def test(request):
return render_to_response('test.html')test.html
{% load test_tags %}
{{ 12.09|percent_decimal}}前端顯示:
自定義標籤2：
vim mytag.py
from django import template
register = template.Library()
@register.tag(name='mytag')
def do_parse(parser,token):
try:
tag_name,format_string = token.split_contents()
except:
raise template.TemplateSyntaxError("tag error!")
return Mytag(format_string[1:-1])
class Mytag(template.Node):
def __init__(self, format_string):
self.format_string = format_string
def render(self, context):
return self.format_stringviews.py
def test2(request):
return render_to_response('test2.html')test2.html
<html>
<body>
{% load mytag %}
{% mytag 'excellent!' %}
</body>
</html>前端顯示：
自定義標籤3：
vim currenttime_tag.py
from django import template
import datetime
register = template.Library()
class CurrentTimeNode(template.Node):
def __init__(self, format_string):
self.format_string = str(format_string)
def render(self, context):
now = datetime.datetime.now()
return now.strftime(self.format_string)
def do_current_time(parser, token):
try:
tag_name,format_string = token.split_contents()
except ValueError:
msg = '%r tag requires a single argument' % token.split_contents()[0]
raise template.TemplateSyntaxError(msg)
return CurrentTimeNode(format_string[1:-1])
register.tag('current_time', do_current_time)views.py
def test3(request):
return render_to_response('test3.html')test3.html
<html>
<body>
{% load currenttime_tag %}
{% current_time "%Y-%m-%d %I:%M %p" %}
</body>
</html>前端顯示：
自定義標籤4(在上下文中設置變量)：
vim context_tga.py
import re
from django import template
import datetime
register = template.Library()
class CurrentTimeNode(template.Node):
def __init__(self, format_string, var_name):
self.format_string = str(format_string)
self.var_name = var_name
def render(self, context):
now = datetime.datetime.now()
context[self.var_name] = now.strftime(self.format_string)
return ''
def do_current_time(parser, token):
try:
tag_name,arg = token.contents.split(None, 1)
except ValueError:
msg = '%r tag requires a single argument' % token.split_contents()[0]
raise template.TemplateSyntaxError(msg)
m = re.search(r'(.*?) as (\w+)', arg)
if m:
fmt, var_name = m.groups()
else:
msg = 'r% tag had invalid arguments' % tag_name
raise template.TemplateSyntaxError(msg)
if not (fmt[0] == fmt[-1] and fmt[0] in ('"', "'")):
msg = "r% tag's argument should be in quotes" % tag_name
raise template.TemplateSyntaxError(msg)
return CurrentTimeNode(fmt[1:-1], var_name)
register.tag('get_current_time', do_current_time)views.py
def test4(request):
return render_to_response('test4.html')test4.html
<html>
<body>
{% load context_tag %}
{% get_current_time "%Y-%m-%d %I:%M %p" as my_current_time %}
<p>The current time is {{ my_current_time }}.</p>
</body>
</html>前端顯示
自定義標籤5（大寫）
vim upper_tag.py
from django import template
register = template.Library()
def do_upper(parser, token):
nodelist = parser.parse(('endupper',))
parser.delete_first_token()
return UpperNode(nodelist)
class UpperNode(template.Node):
def __init__(self, nodelist):
self.nodelist = nodelist
def render(self, context):
output = self.nodelist.render(context)
return output.upper()
register.tag('upper', do_upper)views.py
def test5(request):
return render_to_response('test5.html')test5.html
<html>
<body>
{% load upper_tag %}
<p>The current time is 2015-01-19 09:57 AM.</p>
{% upper %}<p style='color:orange'>The minute you think of giving up, think of the reason why you held on so long.</p> {% endupper %}
</body>
</html>前端顯示
自定義標籤6（簡單標籤）：
vim simple_tag.py
from django import template import datetime register = template.Library() @register.simple_tag def simple_time(format_string): try: return datetime.datetime.now().strftime(str(format_string)) except UnicodeEncodeError: return ''
test6.html
<html>
<body>
{% load simple_tag %}
{% simple_time '%Y-%m-%d %I:%S %p' %}
</body>
</html>前端顯示
自定義標籤7（包含標籤）：
參考文章 http://blog.163.com/lyjlyj517@126/blog/static/16686350120133265235891/
解釋：包含標籤（inclution tag）的主要思路是當前模板通過使用其他模板顯示數據。
通過@register.inclusion_tag('book_snippet.html') 註冊包含標籤，在def books_for_title中定義數據的獲得方式，在'book_snippet.html'中定義顯示方式。
使用時，{% books_for_title titlequery %}，前者指示需要調用的自定義函數books_for_title，後者爲傳給books_for_title函數的參數。
vim inclusion_tag.py
from django import template
from books.models import Book
register = template.Library()
@register.inclusion_tag('book_snippet.html')
def books_for_title(titlequery):
books = Book.objects.filter(title=titlequery)
return {'books': books}views.py
def test7(request):
return render_to_response('result_snippet.html')book_snippet.html
<ul>
{% for book in books %}
<li>{{ book.title }}</li>
<li>{{ book.publisher }}</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>result_snippet.html
<html>
<body>
{% load inclusion_tag %}
{% books_for_title 'A Plan' %}
{% books_for_title 'The romance of The Three Kingdoms' %}
</body>
</html>前端顯示
