在這部分裏，因爲沒有物理語音實驗設備，無法做實驗。此篇主要以整理概念爲主。
語音基本概念
分類 | 接口 | 中繼線 | ||
模擬 | 數字 | 模擬 | 數字 | |
傳統語音 | FXS, FXO, E&M | E1, T1 | PSTN | E1(2.048M), T1(1.544M) |
IP語音 | 語音的連接是建立在IP的通道之上的，信令一般有： H323,SIP,SCCP,MGCP | |||
2. 一般連接方式
傳統語音：
Tel – FXS – CME --- (PSTN, TI, E1 ) --- CME – FXS – Tel
//這裏可能會有一點誤區，老一點企業的IT環境中，這裏基本上是用PBX，然後通過配架將模擬電話連接到桌面，通過跟ISP申請的幾門號碼作爲中繼線路與外界聯繫。
這裏因爲討論的是cisco的相關技術，所以用cisco的語音設備代替PBX //
CME上的連接組合有：
模擬：一路通訊佔用一路通道
FXS – FXO, FXO – FXS
E&M – E&M : 一般用於CME到PBX（具有callrouting能力的設備）之間連接
數字：能支持多路併發通訊
T1 –T1 ：24路併發通訊，每個通道64K
E1 – E1 ： 30路併發通訊，每個通道64K
IP 語音：基於報文交換技術
常用連接方案：
phone---(PBX)—router------internet-----router—(PBX)—phone
此方案的優勢在於：
1. 減少費用
2. 減少IT的維護量，將所有的設備集中到router中統一維護
3. 更多的基於IP的應用
3. CISCO語音硬件選擇
對於硬件的選擇可以參考如下連接
http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/unified-communications/index.html
PVDM: packet voice dsp module , 分組語音DSP模塊。
DSP:數字信號處理器
在執行編解碼的過程中，設備一般採用flexible（彈性）模式，每個DSP處理的會話數：
PVDM I: 4 sessions / 1 DSP
PVDM II : 16 sessions / 1 DSP
PVDM III: 32 sessions / 1 DSP
4. 檢查設備是否具備語音的能力命令
1Sh diag : 硬件是否具有語音模塊，如：FXS,FXO,E1,T1
2 Sh voice dsp detail: 是否具有DSP資源
3 Sh ver : IOS版本是否支持語音特性，一般要ipvoice / enterprise …
截圖：本想截點圖，但不能直接貼在這兒，貼點文字吧：
sh diag:
PVDM Slot 0:
32-channel (G.711) Voice/Fax PVDM3 DSP DIMM PVDM daughter card
WIC Slot 2:
VIC2 - BRI-NT/TE Voice daughter card (2 port)
WIC Slot 3:
VIC2 - BRI-NT/TE Voice daughter card (2 port)
也可以用sh inventory
NAME: "CISCO2921/K9 chassis", DESCR: "CISCO2921/K9 chassis"
PID: CISCO2921/K9 , VID: V06 , ,
NAME: "2nd generation two port BRI voice interface daughtercard on Slot 0 SubSlot 2", DESCR: "2nd generation two port BRI voice interface daughtercard"
PID: VIC2-2BRI-NT/TE= , VID: V ,
NAME: "2nd generation two port BRI voice interface daughtercard on Slot 0 SubSlot 3", DESCR: "2nd generation two port BRI voice interface daughtercard"
PID: VIC2-2BRI-NT/TE= , VID: V ,
NAME: "PVDM3 DSP DIMM with 32 Channels on Slot 0 SubSlot 4", DESCR: "PVDM3 DSP DIMM with 32 Channels"
PID: PVDM3-32 , VID: V01 ,
NAME: "C2921/C2951 AC Power Supply", DESCR: "C2921/C2951 AC Power Supply"
PID: PWR-2921-51-AC , VID: V03 ,
sh voice dsp detailed: 太多了，少貼點吧：
sh voice dsp detailed
DSP DSP DSPWARE CURR BOOT PAK TX/RX
TYPE NUM CH CODEC VERSION STATE STATE RST AI VOICEPORT TS ABORT PACK COUNT
==== === == ======== ========== ===== ======= === == ========= == ===== ============
edsp 0001 01 g729r8 p 0.1 IDLE 50/0/1.1
edsp 0002 02 g729r8 p 0.1 IDLE 50/0/1.2
edsp 0003 01 g711ulaw 0.1 IDLE 50/0/2.1
edsp 0004 02 g711ulaw 0.1 IDLE 50/0/2.2
edsp 0005 01 g729r8 p 0.1 IDLE 50/0/3.1
edsp 0006 02 g729r8 p 0.1 IDLE 50/0/3.2
edsp 0007 01 g711ulaw 0.1 IDLE 50/0/4.1
edsp 0008 02 g711ulaw 0.1 IDLE 50/0/4.2
edsp 0009 01 g711ulaw 0.1 IDLE 50/0/5.1
edsp 0010 02 g711ulaw 0.1 IDLE 50/0/5.2
edsp 0011 01 g711ulaw 0.1 IDLE 50/0/7.1
edsp 0012 02 g711ulaw 0.1 IDLE 50/0/7.2
edsp 0013 01 g711ulaw 0.1 IDLE 50/0/8.1
edsp 0014 02 g729r8 p 0.1 IDLE 50/0/8.2
edsp 0015 01 g711ulaw 0.1 IDLE 50/0/9.1
edsp 0016 02 g729r8 p 0.1 IDLE 50/0/9.2
edsp 0017 01 g711ulaw 0.1 IDLE 50/0/10.1
........
...........
......
----------------------------FLEX VOICE CARD 0 -----------------------
*DSP VOICE CHANNELS*
CURR STATE : (busy)inuse (b-out)busy out (bpend)busyout pending
LEGEND : (bad)bad (shut)shutdown (dpend)download pending
DSP DSP DSPWARE CURR BOOT PAK TX/RX
TYPE NUM CH CODEC VERSION STATE STATE RST AI VOICEPORT TS ABRT PACK COUNT
====== === == ========= ========== ===== ======= === == ========= == ==== ============
SP2600 001 01 g711ulaw 28.3.5 busy idle 0 0 0/2/1 04 0 1979/2536
SP2600 001 02 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
SP2600 001 03 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
SP2600 001 04 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
SP2600 001 05 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
SP2600 001 06 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
SP2600 001 07 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
SP2600 001 08 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
SP2600 001 09 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
SP2600 001 10 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
SP2600 001 11 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
SP2600 001 12 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
SP2600 001 13 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
SP2600 001 14 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
SP2600 001 15 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
SP2600 001 16 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
SP2600 001 17 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
SP2600 001 18 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
SP2600 001 19 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
SP2600 001 20 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
SP2600 001 21 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
SP2600 001 22 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
SP2600 001 23 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
SP2600 001 24 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
SP2600 001 25 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
SP2600 001 26 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
SP2600 001 27 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
SP2600 001 28 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
SP2600 001 29 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
SP2600 001 30 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
SP2600 001 31 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
SP2600 001 32 None 28.3.5 idle idle 0 0 0 0/0
*DSP SIGNALING CHANNELS*
DSP DSP DSPWARE CURR BOOT PAK TX/RX
TYPE NUM CH CODEC VERSION STATE STATE RST AI VOICEPORT TS ABRT PACK COUNT
====== === == ========= ========== ===== ======= === == ========= == ==== ============
------------------------END OF FLEX VOICE CARD 0 ----------------------------
sh ver
..........
..........
License Info:
License UDI:
-------------------------------------------------
Device# PID SN
-------------------------------------------------
*0 CISCO2921/K9
Technology Package License Information for Module:'c2900'
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Technology Technology-package Technology-package
Current Type Next reboot
------------------------------------------------------------------
ipbase ipbasek9 Permanent ipbasek9
security None None None
uc uck9 Permanent uck9
data None None None
Configuration register is 0x2102