RHEL5——DNS服務器的搭建
DNS服務器的搭建
DNS（Domain Name System，域名系統），因特網上作爲域名和IP地址相互映射的一個分佈式數據庫，能夠使用戶更方便的訪問互聯網，而不用去記住能夠被機器直接讀取的IP數串。通過主機名，最終得到該主機名對應的IP地址的過程叫做域名解析（或主機名解析）。DNS協議運行在UDP協議之上，使用端口號53。
配置步驟：
1）配置服務器的IP地址
# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0 BOOTPROTO=none HWADDR=00:0C:29:38:85:C0 ONBOOT=yes IPADDR=192.168.1.254 NETMASK=255.255.255.0
2）安裝DNS所需軟件包
# yum -y installbind bind-chroot caching-nameserver
3）修改DNS服務器主配置文件
# cpnamed.caching-nameserver.conf named.conf –p #拷貝模板 # cat/var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf
//
// named.caching-nameserver.conf
//
// Provided by Red Hat caching-nameserver package to configure the
// ISC BIND named(8) DNS server as a caching only nameserver
// (as a localhost DNS resolver only).
//
// See /usr/share/doc/bind*/sample/ for example named configurationfiles.
//
// DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE - use system-config-bind or an editor
// to create named.conf - edits to this file will be lost on
// caching-nameserver package upgrade.
//
options {
listen-on port 53 { any;}; #修改爲監聽所有IP
// listen-on-v6 port 53 {::1; }; #如用不到IPV6註釋此行即可
directory "/var/named";
dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
statistics-file"/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
memstatistics-file"/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
// Those options should beused carefully because they disable port
// randomization
// query-source port 53;
// query-source-v6 port53;
allow-query { any; }; #設置允許任何人解析
allow-query-cache { any;};
};
logging {
channel default_debug {
file"data/named.run";
severity dynamic;
};
};
view localhost_resolver {
match-clients { any; }; #允許任何客戶端訪問
match-destinations { any;};
recursion yes;
include"/etc/named.rfc1912.zones";
};4）檢測配置文件語法
# named-checkconf named.conf
5） 修改區域文件
添加以下兩個區域：
zone"ssxiaoguai.com" IN { #域名
type master;
file "ssxiaoguai.zone"; #數據庫文件名
};
zone"1.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN { #DNS服務器IP地址192.168.1.254
type master;
file "ssxiaoguai.zero"; #數據庫文件名
};6）檢測區域文件語法
# named-checkconfnamed.rfc1912.zones
7） 編寫數據庫文件
# pwd /var/named/chroot/var/named # cp -p named.local ssxiaoguai.zone # cat ssxiaoguai.zone #正向解析文件
$TTL 86400 @ IN SOA ssxiaoguai.com.root.ssxiaoguai.com. ( 2014070501 ; Serial 28800 ; Refresh 14400 ; Retry 3600000 ; Expire 86400) ; Minimum IN NS dns1.ssxiaoguai.com. dns1 IN A 192.168.1.254 www IN A 192.168.1.253 bbs IN A 192.168.1.252 ftp IN A 192.168.1.251
# catssxiaoguai.zero
$TTL 86400 @ IN SOA ssxiaoguai.com.root.ssxiaoguai.com. ( 2014070501 ; Serial 28800 ; Refresh 14400 ; Retry 3600000 ; Expire 86400) ; Minimum IN NS dns1.ssxiaoguai.com. 254 IN PTR dns1.ssxiaoguai.com. 253 IN PTR www.ssxiaoguai.com. 252 IN PTR bbs.ssxiaoguai.com. 251 IN PTR ftp.ssxiaoguai.com.
8）檢測數據庫文件語法
#named-checkzone ssxiaoguai.com ssxiaoguai.zone zone ssxiaoguai.com/IN:loaded serial 2014070501 OK #named-checkzone ssxiaoguai.com ssxiaoguai.zero zone ssxiaoguai.com/IN:loaded serial 2014070502 OK
9）啓動DNS服務
#service named start 啓動 named： [確定]
10）設置爲開機自啓
#chkconfig named on
11）測試DNS正向解析
12）測試DNS反向解析
