Solaris10上添加一块新硬盘并创建文件系统
2009-03-30 11:50
添加新硬件后有以下几种办法让系统识别新硬件
modunload -i 0 drvconfig devlinks disks 接下来为硬盘分区
# format 说明：-e 选项可以打开expert级菜单，比如可以进行写缓存的设置 Searching for disks...done AVAILABLE DISK SELECTIONS: 0. c0d0 < DEFAULT cyl 17728 alt 2 hd 15 sec 63> /pci@0,0/pci-ide@7,1/ide@0/cmdk@0,0 1. c0d1 < DEFAULT cyl 2077 alt 2 hd 16 sec 63> /pci@0,0/pci-ide@7,1/ide@0/cmdk@1,0 2. c1d1 < DEFAULT cyl 1038 alt 2 hd 16 sec 63> /pci@0,0/pci-ide@7,1/ide@1/cmdk@1,0 Specify disk (enter its number): 2 selecting c1d1 Controller working list found [disk formatted, defect list found] FORMAT MENU: disk - select a disk type - select (define) a disk type partition - select (define) a partition table current - describe the current disk format - format and analyze the disk fdisk - run the fdisk program repair - repair a defective sector show - translate a disk address label - write label to the disk analyze - surface analysis defect - defect list management backup - search for backup labels verify - read and display labels save - save new disk/partition definitions volname - set 8-character volume name !< cmd> - execute < cmd> , then return quit format> fdisk No fdisk table exists. The default partition for the disk is: a 100% " SOLARIS System" partition Type " y" to accept the default partition, otherwise type " n" to edit the partition table. y format> partition PARTITION MENU: 0 - change `0' partition 1 - change `1' partition 2 - change `2' partition 3 - change `3' partition 4 - change `4' partition 5 - change `5' partition 6 - change `6' partition 7 - change `7' partition select - select a predefined table modify - modify a predefined partition table name - name the current table print - display the current table label - write partition map and label to the disk !< cmd> - execute < cmd> , then return quit partition> print Current partition table (original): Total disk cylinders available: 1037 + 2 (reserved cylinders) Part Tag Flag Cylinders Size Blocks 0 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 1 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 2 backup wu 0 - 1037 510.89MB (1038/0/0) 1046304 3 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 4 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 5 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 6 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 7 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 8 boot wu 0 - 0 0.49MB (1/0/0) 1008 9 alternates wm 1 - 2 0.98MB (2/0/0) 2016 partition> 0 选择0分区 Part Tag Flag Cylinders Size Blocks 0 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 Enter partition id tag[unassigned]: ? Expecting one of the following: (abbreviations ok): unassigned boot root swap usr backup stand var home alternates reserved Enter partition id tag[unassigned]: unassigned Enter partition permission flags[wm]: wm Enter new starting cyl[0]: 0 分区的起始柱面，1分区（c1d1s1）的起始柱面要大于等于0分区(c1d1s0)的结束柱面+1,虽然小于0分区的结束柱面也能建立分区，但是两个分区无法同时使用，并且newfs 1分区会使0分区的数据丢失 Enter partition size[0b, 0c, 0e, 0.00mb, 0.00gb]: 0.1gb partition> label 将信息写入磁盘 Ready to label disk, continue? yes partition> print Current partition table (unnamed): Total disk cylinders available: 1037 + 2 (reserved cylinders) Part Tag Flag Cylinders Size Blocks 0 unassigned wm 0 - 208 102.87MB (209/0/0) 210672 1 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 2 backup wu 0 - 1037 510.89MB (1038/0/0) 1046304 3 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 4 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 5 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 6 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 7 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0 8 boot wu 0 - 0 0.49MB (1/0/0) 1008 9 alternates wm 1 - 2 0.98MB (2/0/0) 2016 partition> q FORMAT MENU: disk - select a disk type - select (define) a disk type partition - select (define) a partition table current - describe the current disk format - format and analyze the disk fdisk - run the fdisk program repair - repair a defective sector show - translate a disk address label - write label to the disk analyze - surface analysis defect - defect list management backup - search for backup labels verify - read and display labels save - save new disk/partition definitions volname - set 8-character volume name !< cmd> - execute < cmd> , then return quit format> format> q # newfs /dev/dsk/c1d1s0 建立文件系统 可以使用newfs -N /dev/dsk/c1d1s0先预览下 newfs: 建构新的文件系统 /dev/rdsk/c1d1s0: (y/n)？ y 警告：inode 块 /柱面组 (115) > = 最后一个柱面组中的数据块 (63) 。 此表明 1008 扇区不能分配。 /dev/rdsk/c1d1s0: 在 208 磁道上，16 扇区的 63 柱面的 209664 扇区 102.4MB 在 13 柱面群组 (16 c/g, 7.88MB/g, 3776 i/g) 超块 (fsck -F ufs -o b=#) 备份在： 32, 16224, 32416, 48608, 64800, 80992, 97184, 113376, 129568, 145760, 161952, 178144, 194336, # mkdir /testfs # mount /dev/dsk/c1d1s0 /testfs # df -h | grep /testfs /dev/dsk/c1d1s0 96M 1.0M 86M 2% /testfs 另外我们编辑/etc/vfstab文件，使系统每次启动自动挂载文件系统 当文件系统顺坏的时候可以使用fsck进行修复，注意fsck只能修复例如超级块顺坏，inode同时存在于空闲和使用链表中这类结构性的数据损坏。 #fuser -u /testfs 查看那些用户在使用文件系统 /testfs: 752c(root) c代表root的当前目录在/testfs文件上 #fuser -uk /testfs 可以kill掉访问/testfs的进程 /testfs: 752c(root) #umount /testfs # newfs -N /dev/dsk/c1d1s0 查看超级块的备份块 警告：inode 块 /柱面组 (115) > = 最后一个柱面组中的数据块 (63) 。 此表明 1008 扇区不能分配。 /dev/rdsk/c1d1s0: 在 208 磁道上，16 扇区的 63 柱面的 209664 扇区 102.4MB 在 13 柱面群组 (16 c/g, 7.88MB/g, 3776 i/g) 超块 (fsck -F ufs -o b=#) 备份在： 32, 16224, 32416, 48608, 64800, 80992, 97184, 113376, 129568, 145760, 161952, 178144, 194336, # fsck -F ufs -o b=16224 /dev/dsk/c1d1s0 用16224备份块恢复主超级块 Alternate super block location: 16224. ** /dev/dsk/c1d1s0 ** Last Mounted on ** Phase 1 - Check Blocks and Sizes ** Phase 2 - Check Pathnames ** Phase 3 - Check Connectivity ** Phase 4 - Check Reference Counts ** Phase 5 - Check Cyl groups FREE BLK COUNT(S) WRONG IN SUPERBLK SALVAGE? yes 2 files, 9 used, 98462 free (14 frags, 12306 blocks, 0.0% fragmentation) ***** FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED ***** |