Python 3中套接字編程中遇到TypeError: 'str' does not support the buffer interface的解決辦法

轉自：https://blog.csdn.net/chuanchuan608/article/details/17915959

代碼如下:

服務器端:

# Echo server program
from socket import *
from time import ctime
 
HOST = ''                 # Symbolic name meaning all available interfaces
PORT = 50007              # Arbitrary non-privileged port
BUFSIZE = 1024
ADDR = (HOST, PORT)
 
tcpSerSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
tcpSerSock.bind(ADDR)
tcpSerSock.listen(5)
 
while True:
    print('waiting for connection...')
    tcpCliSock, addr = tcpSerSock.accept()
    print('...connected from:', addr)
 
    while True:
        data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE)
        if not data:
            break
        tcpCliSock.send(('[%s] %s' % (ctime(), data)))
 
        tcpCliSock.close()
tcpSerSock.close()

客戶端

# Echo client program
from socket import*
 
HOST = '127.0.0.1'
PORT = 50007              # The same port as used by the server
BUFSIZE = 1024
ADDR = (HOST, PORT)
 
tcpCliSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
tcpCliSock.connect(ADDR)
while True:
    data = input('> ')
    if not data:
        break
    tcpCliSock.send(data)
    data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE)
    if not data:
        break
    print(data)
    
tcpCliSock.close()

報錯：

   TypeError:'str' does not support the buffer interface

找問題找了好久，在StackOverflow上發現有人也出現同樣的問題，並一個叫Scharron的人提出瞭解答：

In python 3, bytes strings and unicodestrings are now two different types. Since sockets are not aware of string encodings, they are using raw bytes strings, that have a slightly differentinterface from unicode strings.

So, now, whenever you have a unicode stringthat you need to use as a byte string, you need toencode() it. And whenyou have a byte string, you need to decode it to use it as a regular(python 2.x) string.

Unicode strings are quotes enclosedstrings. Bytes strings are b"" enclosed strings

 

When you use client_socket.send(data),replace it by client_socket.send(data.encode()). When you get datausing data = client_socket.recv(512), replace it by data =client_socket.recv(512).decode()

 

同時我看了一下python幫助文檔：

Codec.encode(input[, errors])

Encodes the object input and returns atuple (output object, length consumed). Encoding converts a string object to abytes object using a particular character set encoding

 

Codec.decode(input[, errors])

Decodes the object input and returns atuple (output object, length consumed). Decoding converts a bytes objectencoded using a particular character set encoding to a string object.

input must be a bytes object or one whichprovides the read-only character buffer interface – for example, buffer objectsand memory mapped files.

 

套接字的成員函數send

socket.send(bytes[, flags]) 形參爲字節類型

socket.recv(bufsize[, flags]) Receive datafrom the socket. The return value is abytes object representing the data received.

 所以修正後代碼如下：

服務器端：

# Echo server program
from socket import *
from time import ctime
 
HOST = ''                 # Symbolic name meaning all available interfaces
PORT = 50007              # Arbitrary non-privileged port
BUFSIZE = 1024
ADDR = (HOST, PORT)
 
tcpSerSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
tcpSerSock.bind(ADDR)
tcpSerSock.listen(5)
 
while True:
    print('waiting for connection...')
    tcpCliSock, addr = tcpSerSock.accept()
    print('...connected from:', addr)
 
    while True:
        data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE).decode()
        if not data:
            break
        tcpCliSock.send(('[%s] %s' % (ctime(), data)).encode())
 
        tcpCliSock.close()
tcpSerSock.close()

客服端
# Echo client program
from socket import*
 
HOST = '127.0.0.1'
PORT = 50007              # The same port as used by the server
BUFSIZE = 1024
ADDR = (HOST, PORT)
 
tcpCliSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
tcpCliSock.connect(ADDR)
while True:
    data = input('> ')
    if not data:
        break
    tcpCliSock.send(data.encode())
    data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE).decode()
    if not data:
        break
    print(data)
    
tcpCliSock.close()

運行結果: 達到預期
在使用這些函數時想當然去用，沒有去查找幫助文檔，沒有弄清楚傳參類型，可能是一個例題，沒有注意這些，但是得吸取教訓。

同樣的在udp的情況下：修正過的

服務器端:

from socket import *
from time import ctime
 
HOST = '';
PORT = 21546
BUFSIZE = 1024
ADDR = (HOST, PORT)
 
udpSerSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)
udpSerSock.bind(ADDR)
 
while True:
    print('waiting for message...')
    data, addr = udpSerSock.recvfrom(BUFSIZE)
    udpSerSock.sendto(('[%s] %s' %(ctime(), data.decode())).encode(), addr)
    print('...received from and returned to:', addr)
 
udpSerSock.close()

客戶端:
from socket import *
 
HOST = 'localhost'
PORT = 21567
BUFSIZE = 1024
ADDR = (HOST, PORT)
 
while True:
    tcpCliSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
    tcpCliSock.connect(ADDR)
    data = input('> ')
    if not data:
        break
    tcpCliSock.send(('%s\r\n' % data).encode())
    data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE).decode()
    if not data:
        break
    print(data.strip())
tcpCliSock.close()

使用socketserver模塊:

服務器端：

#TsTservss.py
from socketserver import TCPServer as TCP, StreamRequestHandler as SRH
from time import ctime
 
 
HOST = ''
PORT = 21567
ADDR = (HOST, PORT)
 
class MyRequestHandler(SRH):
    def handle(self):
        print('...connected from:', self.client_address)
        self.wfile.write(('[%s] %s' %(ctime(), self.rfile.readline().decode())).encode())
 
tcpServ = TCP(ADDR, MyRequestHandler)
print('waiting for connection...')
tcpServ.serve_forever()

客戶端：
from socket import *
 
HOST = 'localhost'
PORT = 21567
BUFSIZE = 1024
ADDR = (HOST, PORT)
 
while True:
    tcpCliSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
    tcpCliSock.connect(ADDR)
    data = input('> ')
    if not data:
        break
    tcpCliSock.send(('%s\r\n' % data).encode())
    data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE).decode()
    if not data:
        break
    print(data.strip())
tcpCliSock.close()