史上超詳細的SpringMVC框架搭建

一、創建項目

用eclipse或myeclipse創建項目MySpringConfig自動生成web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" 
	id="WebApp_ID" 
	version="3.0">
  <display-name>MySpringConfig</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

二、導入Jar包

先導入springMVC有關的Jar包，Jar包如下所示：

1. Spring-beans-XXXX.RELEASE.jar(xxxx爲版本號)
2. Spring-aop-XXXX.RELEASE.jar
3. Spring-context-XXXX.RELEASE.jar
4. Spring-core-XXXX.RELEASE.jar
5. Spring-expression-XXXX.RELEASE.jar
6. Spring-web-XXX.RELEASE.jar
7. Spring-webmvc-XXXX.RELEASE.jar
8. commons-logging-XXXX.jar(必須要這個jar包)
   

三、配置springMVC

在web,xml進行springMVC的配置

   <!-- springMVC的配置 -->
   <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:config/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

在src下創建config包和spring-mvc.xml文件

在spring-mvc.xml裏面進行配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
	xsi:schemaLocation="
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
	    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">
	    
	<!-- 註解掃描包 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.my" />
	
	<!-- 打開Spring的Annotation的支持 -->
	<context:annotation-config />
	
	<!-- 定義跳轉的文件的前後綴 ，視圖模式配置-->
    <bean id="viewResolver"
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<!-- 自動給後面action的方法return的字符串加上前綴和後綴，變成一個可用的url地址 -->
		<property name="prefix" value="/my/" />
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
	</bean> 
	    
</beans>

四、測試執行

在src下建立一個com.my.controller包和MyTestController類

在MyTestController裏面寫測試代碼

package com.my.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("MyTestController")
public class MyTestController {

	@RequestMapping("mytest")
	public void mytest(){
		System.out.println("這是MyTestController的mytest()");
	}
}

將項目保存後部署到tomcat上執行，在瀏覽器中輸入測試鏈接

http://localhost:8080/MySpringConfig/MyTestController/mytest
可以看到，控制檯成功打印出輸出樣例

到這裏，簡單的springMVC的框架就搭建成功了，後續我將加入更多的功能，搭建出一個完整的SSM框架